{"data":{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:34313877", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 5, "content_hash": "sha256:b515ea121a755b9eb2524710931c2f5adb79926a732f8259b81a87d554e3deb4", "created_at": "2026-11-01T15:41:45Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:04:19Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Study on potential differentially expressed genes in stroke by bioinformatics analysis.", "doi": "10.1007/s10072-021-05470-1", "pmid": "34313877", "authors": ["Xitong Yang", "Pengyu Wang", "Shanquan Yan", "Guangming Wang"], "journal": "Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology", "year": 2022, "abstract": "Stroke is a sudden cerebrovascular circulatory disorder with high morbidity, disability, mortality, and recurrence rate, but its pathogenesis and key genes are still unclear. In this study, bioinformatics was used to deeply analyze the pathogenesis of stroke and related key genes, so as to study the potential pathogenesis of stroke and provide guidance for clinical treatment. Gene Expression profiles of GSE58294 and GSE16561 were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between IS and normal control group. The different expression genes (DEGs) between IS and normal control group were screened with the GEO2R online tool. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses of the DEGs were performed. Using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), the function and pathway enrichment analysis of DEGS were performed. Then, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed via the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database. Cytoscape with CytoHubba were used to identify the hub genes. Finally, NetworkAnalyst was used to construct the targeted microRNAs (miRNAs) of the hub genes. A total of 85 DEGs were screened out in this study, including 65 upward genes and 20 downward genes. In addition, 3 KEGG pathways, cytokine - cytokine receptor interaction, hematopoietic cell lineage, B cell receptor signaling pathway, were significantly enriched using a database for labeling, visualization, and synthetic discovery. In combination with the results of the PPI network and CytoHubba, 10 hub genes including CEACAM8, CD19, MMP9, ARG1, CKAP4, CCR7, MGAM, CD79A, CD79B, and CLEC4D were selected. Combined with DEG-miRNAs visualization, 5 miRNAs, including hsa-mir-146a-5p, hsa-mir-7-5p, hsa-mir-335-5p, and hsa-mir-27a- 3p, were predicted as possibly the key miRNAs. Our findings will contribute to identification of potential biomarkers and novel strategies for the treatment of ischemic stroke, and provide a new strategy for clinical therapy.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "GEO2R (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/geo2r) was applied to perform DEGs analysis between serum samples from IS and control groups, and corrected P-value calculations to obtain |log2FC|.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:34313877", "locator": "sections[6] \"Differentially expressed Gene Identification\" paragraph 2", "quote": "GEO2R (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/geo2r) was applied to perform DEGs analysis between serum samples from IS and control groups, and corrected P-value calculations to obtain |log2FC|."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The data used in this study were downloaded from the GEO database. The data used to support the findings of this study are available from corresponding websites upon request.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:34313877", "locator": "sections[20] \"notes\" paragraph 1", "quote": "The data used in this study were downloaded from the GEO database. 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This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE16561"], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE16561"], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": []}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:34313877", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05470-1", "sha256": "sha256:c61af4df6b79fb0bf5c14dc20bb7ce0ba9b7472cc56ed01c29d8eb5b0b346b67", "bytes": 31676, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "10.1007/s10072-021-05470-1", "version": null, "note": "Full article fetched from PMC; the checksum covers the rendered section body, not the original XML bytes.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC8789718", "source": "europe_pmc_fulltext", "coverage": "whole_body_without_references", "text_hash_scope": "rendered_section_body"}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE16561", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE16561", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE16561", "version": null, "note": "The data used in this study were downloaded from the GEO database. 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"access": "open", "state": "verified", "reader": "read_table", "reader_status": "available", "identifier": "section[12]/table-wrap[1]#Tab2", "version": null, "note": "GO biological process terms for DEGs between the control and IS groups", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC8789718", "section_index": 12, "section_title": "GO functional enrichment analysis and KEGG enrichment pathway", "row_count": 11, "column_count": 7}, "table": {"label": "Table 2", "caption": "GO biological process terms for DEGs between the control and IS groups", "rows": [["GOTERM_BP", "Term", "PValue", "Fold enrichment", "Count", "GeneRatio", "Genes"], ["1", "GO:0,007,165signal transduction", "0.048507425", "1.964164567", "11", "12.94117647", "CD79B, PPP4R1, IL2RB, TNFSF10, NEDD9, FLT3LG, IRS2, TNFRSF25, IQGAP1, CORO1C, SKAP2"], ["2", "GO:0,045,087innate immune response", "0.001002881", "4.339018088", "9", "10.58823529", "CLEC4D, CD6, DEFA4, MATK, HMGB2, EIF2AK2, S100A12, LY96, PADI4"], ["3", "GO:0,006,955immune response", "0.015163648", "3.44693704", "7", "8.235294118", "CD79B, NFIL3, IL1R2, TNFSF10, CCR7, TNFRSF25, CEACAM8"], ["4", "GO:0,006,468protein phosphorylation", "0.02156091", "3.182369504", "7", "8.235294118", "PPP4R1, TAOK1, MATK, PDK4, EIF2AK2, IRAK3, PASK"], ["5", "GO:0,032,496response to lipopolysaccharide", "0.001113916", "7.584462511", "6", "7.058823529", "CD6, HMGB2, LY96, CCR7, IRAK3, TNFRSF25"], ["6", "GO:0,006,954inflammatory response", "0.034625375", "3.281931008", "6", "7.058823529", "TPST1, ORM1, S100A12, LY96, CCR7, TNFRSF25"], ["7", "GO:0,007,166cell surface receptor signaling pathway", "0.041831035", "3.783004416", "5", "5.882352941", "CD19, TNFSF10, LY96, EVL, TNFRSF25"], ["8", "GO:0,050,853B cell receptor signaling pathway", "0.002168409", "15.3561957", "4", "4.705882353", "CD79B, CD79A, PLEKHA1, CD19"], ["9", "GO:0,002,250adaptive immune response", "0.033682623", "5.60293627", "4", "4.705882353", "CD79B, CD79A, CLEC4D, CD6"], ["10", "GO:0,071,345cellular response to cytokine stimulus", "0.004867389", "28.26936027", "3", "3.529411765", "MME, LEF1, CCR7"]], "row_count": 11, "column_count": 7, "numeric_cells": 68, "header_rows": 1, "locator": "section[12]/table-wrap[1]#Tab2"}}, {"id": "asset:table:pmid:34313877:3", "role": "table", "format": "jats-table", "media_type": "application/vnd.jats.table+json", "uri": null, "sha256": "sha256:de28c488a046467e693ecc15caf857147cc17f1b42e5559c8e4cd3bf04c83918", "bytes": 1471, "access": "open", "state": "verified", "reader": "read_table", "reader_status": "available", "identifier": "section[12]/table-wrap[2]#Tab3", "version": null, "note": "GO molecular function terms for DEGs between the control and IS groups", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC8789718", "section_index": 12, "section_title": "GO functional enrichment analysis and KEGG enrichment pathway", "row_count": 11, "column_count": 7}, "table": {"label": "Table 3", "caption": "GO molecular function terms for DEGs between the control and IS groups", "rows": [["GOTERM_MF", "Term", "PValue", "Fold enrichment", "Count", "GeneRatio", "Genes"], ["1", "GO:0,005,509calcium ion binding", "0.018741709", "2.648692469", "9", "10.58823529", "NELL2, ANXA3, REPS2, DYSF, S100A12, ITPR3, PADI4, IQGAP1, DSC2"], ["2", "GO:0,019,904protein domain-specific binding", "0.016406406", "5.072415865", "5", "5.882352941", "LAMP2, HMGB2, ID3, IRS2, IQGAP1"], ["3", "GO:0,016,301kinase activity", "0.026474471", "4.377852697", "5", "5.882352941", "NELL2, PRKAR1A, TAOK1, PDK4, FLT3LG"], ["4", "GO:0,005,102receptor binding", "0.083617609", "2.988845609", "5", "5.882352941", "ABCA1, ACOX1, MATK, TNFSF10, FLT3LG"], ["5", "GO:0,003,824catalytic activity", "0.058139482", "4.48962766", "4", "4.705882353", "HAL, MGAM, ACSL1, ECHDC3"], ["6", "GO:0,003,714transcription corepressor activity", "0.069792981", "4.157881773", "4", "4.705882353", "NFIL3, ID3, SAP30, AES"], ["7", "GO:0,030,165PDZ domain binding", "0.061420984", "7.360901163", "3", "3.529411765", "SLC22A4, PLEKHA1, ACOX1"], ["8", "GO:0,005,522profilin binding", "0.041348098", "46.89166667", "2", "2.352941176", "VASP, EVL"], ["9", "GO:0,050,786RAGE receptor binding", "0.050304763", "38.36590909", "2", "2.352941176", "HMGB2, S100A12"], ["10", "GO:0,008,301DNA binding, bending", "0.081007285", "23.44583333", "2", "2.352941176", "LEF1, HMGB2"]], "row_count": 11, "column_count": 7, "numeric_cells": 65, "header_rows": 1, "locator": "section[12]/table-wrap[2]#Tab3"}}, {"id": "asset:table:pmid:34313877:4", "role": "table", "format": "jats-table", "media_type": "application/vnd.jats.table+json", "uri": null, "sha256": "sha256:16b6623b51c58ea7f1c02a73b21ed66534fcae3e3f029f120601d184a1df9e47", "bytes": 2387, "access": "open", "state": "verified", "reader": "read_table", "reader_status": "available", "identifier": "section[12]/table-wrap[3]#Tab4", "version": null, "note": "GO cellular component terms for DEGs between the control and IS group", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC8789718", "section_index": 12, "section_title": "GO functional enrichment analysis and KEGG enrichment pathway", "row_count": 11, "column_count": 7}, "table": {"label": "Table 4", "caption": "GO cellular component terms for DEGs between the control and IS group", "rows": [["GOTERM_CC", "Term", "P value", "Fold enrichment", "Count", "GeneRatio", "Genes"], ["1", "GO:0,005,886plasma membrane", "5.44E-05", "1.895240406", "36", "42.35294118", "SLC22A4, SNAP23, DYSF, LY96, IRS2, ITPR3, IQGAP1, CD79B, CD79A, CD19, LAMP2, CA4, S100A12, CCR7, ABCA1, VASP, SVIL, MGAM, CD163, PLEKHA1, MME, ACSL1, ANXA3, IL1R2, KCNJ15, CKAP4, MARCKS, CLEC4D, ACOX1, VNN3, CPD, IL2RB, TNFRSF25, CEACAM8, DSC2, SKAP2"], ["2", "GO:0,005,737cytoplasm", "0.08417535", "1.287921067", "31", "36.47058824", "SNAP23, LEF1, HMGB2, NEDD9, ITPR3, ABHD5, IQGAP1, CORO1C, CD79B, CD79A, REPS2, S100A12, VASP, SVIL, PLEKHA1, MME, ANXA3, ARG1, IL1R2, EIF2AK2, IRAK3, PASK, RBP7, PRKAR1A, TAOK1, DPYD, ID3, EVL, PADI4, GRAP, SKAP2"], ["3", "GO:0,070,062extracellular exosome", "5.30E-04", "2.006674459", "26", "30.58823529", "ORM1, SNAP23, DYSF, IQGAP1, CD79B, CD19, LAMP2, CA4, TNFSF10, VASP, MGAM, PLEKHA1, MME, ANXA3, ARG1, PLXDC2, MMP9, CKAP4, RAB33B, MARCKS, CRISPLD2, TAOK1, CPD, CEACAM8, MFGE8, DSC2"], ["4", "GO:0,016,020membrane", "0.001726377", "2.070909091", "21", "24.70588235", "CD163, ACSL1, ANXA3, DOCK8, KCNJ15, EIF2AK2, FLT3LG, ITPR3, CKAP4, HK2, TPST1, CD6, PRKAR1A, ACOX1, CPD, IL2RB, LAMP2, CA4, EVL, FOLR3, MFGE8"], ["5", "GO:0,005,887integral component of plasma membrane", "0.011315379", "2.146525324", "14", "16.47058824", "ABCA1, SLC22A4, CD163, MME, KCNJ15, ITPR3, CD79B, CD79A, CD6, CD19, IL2RB, TNFSF10, TNFRSF25, CEACAM8"], ["6", "GO:0,005,576extracellular region", "0.029681411", "1.886542443", "14", "16.47058824", "ORM1, CD163, DEFA4, IL1R2, FLT3LG, MMP9, NELL2, CD6, CRISPLD2, TNFSF10, S100A12, TNFRSF25, FOLR3, MFGE8"], ["7", "GO:0,005,615extracellular space", "0.018583106", "2.093824018", "13", "15.29411765", "ORM1, ARG1, DEFA4, HMGB2, FLT3LG, LY96, MMP9, VNN3, CPD, LAMP2, TNFSF10, CEACAM8, MFGE8"], ["8", "GO:0,005,925focal adhesion", "4.05E-04", "4.99378882", "9", "10.58823529", "VASP, SVIL, MARCKS, MME, SNAP23, NEDD9, EVL, IQGAP1, CORO1C"], ["9", "GO:0,009,897external side of plasma membrane", "4.24E-04", "7.129890454", "7", "8.235294118", "ABCA1, CD79B, CD79A, CD19, IL2RB, CCR7, MFGE8"], ["10", "GO:0,030,027lamellipodium", "0.006143732", "6.779761905", "5", "5.882352941", "VASP, DYSF, NEDD9, EVL, CORO1C"]], "row_count": 11, "column_count": 7, "numeric_cells": 69, "header_rows": 1, "locator": "section[12]/table-wrap[3]#Tab4"}}, {"id": "asset:table:pmid:34313877:5", "role": "table", "format": "jats-table", "media_type": "application/vnd.jats.table+json", "uri": null, "sha256": "sha256:3ff0ba6d98ecb18dd84f0f793442b62105602ccbe8c9aec2c9786e6a253e31ee", "bytes": 673, "access": "open", "state": "verified", "reader": "read_table", "reader_status": "available", "identifier": "section[12]/table-wrap[4]#Tab5", "version": null, "note": "KEGG pathway enrichment terms for DEGs between the control and IS group", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC8789718", "section_index": 12, "section_title": "GO functional enrichment analysis and KEGG enrichment pathway", "row_count": 4, "column_count": 7}, "table": {"label": "Table 5", "caption": "KEGG pathway enrichment terms for DEGs between the control and IS group", "rows": [["KEGG_pathway", "Term", "PValue", "Fold enrichment", "Count", "GeneRatio", "Genes"], ["1", "hsa04060Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction", "0.059651063", "3.291702555", "5", "5.882352941", "IL1R2, IL2RB, TNFSF10, CCR7, TNFRSF25"], ["2", "hsa04640Hematopoietic cell lineage", "0.01572673", "7.355252606", "4", "4.705882353", "MME, CD19, IL1R2, FLT3LG"], ["3", "hsa04662B cell receptor signaling pathway", "0.066036489", "6.955510617", "3", "3.529411765", "CD79B, CD79A, CD19"]], "row_count": 4, "column_count": 7, "numeric_cells": 21, "header_rows": 1, "locator": "section[12]/table-wrap[4]#Tab5"}}], "gaps": ["asset:data:geo:GSE16561 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE16561 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE58294 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE58294 licence not read"]}, "analysis": {"state": "partial", "methods": [{"id": "method-1", "family": "network_analysis", "specific": "ppi_network", "label": "Network / pathway analysis", "dsl_operations": ["build_graph", "centrality_scores", "pathway_enrich"], "missing_operations": [], "expressible": true, "parameters": {}, "data_shapes": ["edge_list"], "evidence": {"score": 0.7, "band": "medium", "quote": "protein-protein interaction"}}, {"id": "method-2", "family": "network_analysis", "specific": "pathway_enrichment", "label": "Network / pathway analysis", "dsl_operations": ["pathway_enrich"], "missing_operations": [], "expressible": true, "parameters": {}, "data_shapes": ["edge_list"], "evidence": {"score": 0.7, "band": "medium", "quote": "pathway enrichment"}}, {"id": "method-3", "family": null, "specific": null, "label": "GEO2R differential expression analysis using corrected P-value calculations and |log2FC| thresholds", "dsl_operations": [], "missing_operations": [], "expressible": null, "parameters": {}, "data_shapes": [], "evidence": {"score": 1.0, "band": "verbatim", "quote": "GEO2R (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/geo2r) was applied to perform DEGs analysis between serum samples from IS and control groups, and corrected P-value calculations to obtain |log2FC|."}}], "targets": [], "gaps": ["method.reader_named_unmapped"]}, "capability": {"state": "complete", "requirements": [{"capability_id": "capability:computational_analysis", "label": "Computational analysis platform", "assay_families": ["meta_analysis", "machine_learning", "survival_analysis", "statistical_regression", "pca", "molecular_docking", "network_analysis", "differential_expression", "gwas"], "availability_state": "owned", "tier_unlocked": "R1", "candidate": "Automated Assays Laravel application and simulated adapters"}], "gaps": []}, "readiness": {"state": "complete", "tier": "R1", "blocking_axis": "none", "blocked_on": "nothing:replicable_now", "axes": {"method": {"tier": "R1", "expressible": true, "required_operations": ["build_graph", "centrality_scores", "pathway_enrich"], "missing_operations": [], "basis": "The paper names the method it used and the corpus's method extractor maps it onto the DSL catalogue: ppi_network."}, "capability": {"tier": "R1", "capability_id": "capability:computational_analysis", "availability_state": "owned", "basis": "The computational analysis is owned. The physical bench the paper used is not, so a physical validation cannot be run here."}, "data": {"tier": "R1", "reachable": true, "accessions": ["GSE58294", "GSE16561"], "resolved_accessions": ["GSE58294", "GSE16561"], "statements": ["The data used in this study were downloaded from the GEO database. The data used to support the findings of this study are available from corresponding websites upon request."], "basis": "The paper names GSE58294, GSE16561 in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the accession resolves in the repository. No dataset was downloaded and no licence was read."}}, "can_run": {"dsl_operations": ["build_graph", "centrality_scores", "pathway_enrich"], "assets": ["source:pmid:34313877", "data:geo:GSE16561", "asset:table:pmid:34313877:1", "asset:table:pmid:34313877:2", "asset:table:pmid:34313877:3", "asset:table:pmid:34313877:4", "asset:table:pmid:34313877:5"], "steps": ["run_analysis"]}, "must_build": {"dsl_operations": [], "converters": [], "readers": [], "capabilities": [], "data_gaps": ["data:geo:GSE16561"]}, "gaps": []}, "review": {"state": "partial", "machine_critique": {"kind": "extraction_review", "reader": {"model": "MiniMax-M3.1-Flash", "provider": "minimax", "provider_family": "minimax", "read_at": "2026-10-31T18:33:03Z", "independence": "single_reader"}, "evidence_check": {"method": "verbatim", "availability": "verbatim"}, "calls": 3, "usage": {"prompt_tokens": 25396, "completion_tokens": 1625, "cached_tokens": 776}}, "human_critique": null, "stages": [{"id": "extraction", "state": "complete", "reader": "MiniMax-M3.1-Flash", "provider": "minimax"}], "gaps": ["review.independent_reader", "review.machine_critique", "review.human_critique"]}, "execution": {"state": "absent", "status": "not_run", "mode": null, "runs": [], "gaps": ["execution.not_run"]}, "provenance": {"entities": [{"id": "pmid:34313877", "type": "paper", "label": "pmid:34313877"}, {"id": "source:pmid:34313877", "type": "manuscript", "label": "PMID 34313877 full text"}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE16561", "type": "dataset", "label": "GEO GSE16561"}], "activities": [{"id": "activity-reading-sci-2026-11-01", "type": "classification", "used": [{"id": "pmid:34313877", "type": "paper", "label": "pmid:34313877"}, {"id": "source:pmid:34313877", "type": "manuscript", "label": "PMID 34313877 full text"}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE16561", "type": "dataset", "label": "GEO GSE16561"}], "agent": "agent:corpus-assay-engine"}, {"id": "activity-read-34313877", "type": "extraction", "used": ["source:pmid:34313877"], "agent": "agent:minimax-reader"}, {"id": "activity-resolve-GSE16561", "type": "accession_resolution", "used": ["data:geo:GSE16561"], "agent": "agent:corpus-assay-engine"}], "agents": [{"id": "agent:corpus-assay-engine", "type": "software", "label": "Corpus assay engine"}, {"id": "agent:minimax-reader", "type": "software", "label": "MiniMax literature reader"}], "source_run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01", "dsl_catalogue_fingerprint": "343fb30756ba6ec3", "capability_table_fingerprint": "2cb3e42f047d2ecf", "snapshot_id": "ba34b49490d9bfaf"}, "lineage": {"parent_id": "pmid:34313877", "parent_hash": "sha256:1c2c56d4a2da57320bc4cd17129bf8c53d7156d908f473c14c1ae1f9f9753dba", "fork_of": null, "generation": 4}, "gaps": ["asset:data:geo:GSE16561 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE16561 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE58294 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE58294 not downloaded", "execution.not_run", "method.reader_named_unmapped", "review.human_critique", "review.independent_reader", "review.machine_critique"], "assays": [{"role": "analysis", "definition_id": "network_analysis", "definition_version": "f2132e96ae6c7a4e", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": ["build_graph", "centrality_scores", "pathway_enrich"], "support_state": "supported", "source_hashes": {"dsl_catalogue": "f2132e96ae6c7a4e"}, "confidence": 0.7, "evidence": ["protein-protein interaction"], "order_basis": "analysis_only", "id": "assay:1"}]},"meta":{"api_version":"v1","automation_ladder_snapshot":"ba34b49490d9bfaf","automation_ladder_caveats":["Method extraction is rule-based and has no hand-judged accuracy sample. Evidence bands order textual support; method agreement intervals are null (n=0), never probabilities. Work-type validation does not validate methods.","Operation coverage describes only explicitly named methods. It does not prove a complete protocol, compatible parameters, successful compilation or re-execution. Unrecognised or ambiguous methods require review.","Data reachability is a textual accession or public-data statement. No dataset was downloaded or checked for access, completeness or licence.","Capabilities are planning states seeded from the dated equipment register. No bench ownership, completed quote or partner booking is inferred. Procurement counts are dependencies, not guaranteed replications or financial returns.","Tier and blocker counts are deterministic assessments of this corpus, not measured agreement. R3 is reserved for procurement; unresolved methods and data require human work (R4). The most restrictive axis wins, with capability, method, data as tie-breaks. Resolving one blocker can leave another at the same tier."],"engine":"corpus_engine","engine_provider":"rule_based_v1+lex99e1195c7d6f","run_id":"run-20261023T122449232913","source":"esearch","source_detail":"PubMed mirror biomed_pubmed (read-only)","run_status":"complete","imported_at":"2026-11-03T20:16:52+00:00","generated_at":"2026-11-04T02:36:41+00:00","total_papers":5529,"total_assays_tracked":29,"automatable_assay_families":6,"validated":true,"caveat_count":9,"blocking_caveats":5,"caveats":[{"code":"low_evidence_dominates","basis":["4,152 of 5,529 classifications (75.1%) matched no cue evidence and sit at the 0.05 floor.","34 of 230 data_only calls (14.8%) are in that group."],"claim":"Work type and confidence bands","gloss":"Most records were classified from their title and framing alone, with assay-cue coverage at zero.","detail":"Most classifications in this run rest on no matched evidence at all. At the evidence floor the work type comes from title framing and a fixed prior, not from anything in the paper, so the published work-type split should be read as a rough triage signal rather than a measured distribution. The impact is bounded but not removed: since 2026-10-23 the engine excludes floor-confidence records from the shortlist entirely and publishes them separately as held out, so the recommendation is unaffected even though the census is.","status":"unverified","severity":"high"},{"code":"runtime_is_modelled","basis":["Runtime is summed from published per-assay hour figures. Timing awaits the first executed replication.","4,407 of 5,529 records (79.7%) model to 0.00 hours because no assay was matched, which the ranking then reads as \"cheapest\".","0 of 10 shortlisted records carry a 0.00-hour estimate."],"claim":"Estimated replication runtime","gloss":"The hour figures are estimates built from assay mentions; timing awaits the first executed replication.","detail":"The hour figures are a cost model derived from the bench steps implied by each matched assay family. The first executed replication will supply measured timing. Records without an assay match currently receive a zero-hour model value.","status":"unverified","severity":"high"},{"code":"signal_score_without_citations","basis":["5,529 of 5,529 records (100.0%) have no citation count from the source metadata."],"claim":"Signal score","gloss":"The signal score uses publication-type weight because the mirror supplied zero citation counts.","detail":"The source supplied no citation counts for any record in this run, so the signal score is publication-type weight only. The citation term of the ranking is inert here, and the shortlist is ordered by publication type alone.","status":"unverified","severity":"high"},{"code":"abstract_absent","basis":["1,667 of 5,529 records (30.2%) carry no abstract at all."],"claim":"Evidence base for classification","gloss":"Some records contain a title and publication type only, defining the available classification evidence.","detail":"Where the mirror contains a title and publication types only, those fields define the classifier evidence. A methods section is required for fuller automated and human review.","status":"unverified","severity":"medium"},{"code":"classifier_agreement_measured","basis":["Published two-way decision agreement 77.7% (310 of 399 decidable records) from a stratified hand-check of 438 real records.","Three-way diagnostic agreement 73.9% (288 of 390 decidable records).","data_only agreement 75.2% (100 of 133 decidable).","48 record(s) could not be decided from title and abstract and were excluded from the denominator.","56 analysis-only records were published under another work type, so the data_only share is not an upper bound."],"claim":"Published automatable decision","gloss":"This figure has been checked against a human reading the same papers, so we know how often it is right.","detail":"The published automatable / not-automatable distribution comes from a rule-based classifier that was hand-checked against a fixed ground-truth definition. The agreement rates below are measured, not estimated. The three-way work type remains a diagnostic and is reported separately.","status":"measured","severity":"high"},{"code":"llm_comparison_not_measured","basis":["rule_based_v1+lex99e1195c7d6f produced 5,529 of 5,529 classifications.","Measured on 438 labelled records; these are RULE-BASED figures, not model results."],"claim":"Rule-based versus LLM agreement","gloss":"Every number here is the rule engine’s own. Model comparison begins when a working API credential is connected and measured.","detail":"The published two-way decision agreed with a human reading on 310 of 399 decidable records (77.7%). The diagnostic three-way label agreed on 288 of 390 decidable records (73.9%). Every percentage in this run belongs to the rule engine. Model comparison begins when a working API credential is connected and measured.","status":"not_measured","severity":"high"},{"code":"confidence_is_a_band","basis":["low band: 135 of 210 hand-judged records were correct, 64.3% [57.6, 70.5] (95% CI).","medium band: 80 of 104 hand-judged records were correct, 76.9% [68.0, 84.0] (95% CI).","high band: 73 of 76 hand-judged records were correct, 96.0% [89.0, 98.7] (95% CI).","A fitted calibrated probability was built, measured and withdrawn: it overstated held-out accuracy and reorders nothing."],"claim":"Confidence band and evidence score","gloss":"The confidence band carries a measured accuracy interval; 0.85 represents relative rank strength.","detail":"Confidence on this run is a BAND plus its measured accuracy interval. The number stored alongside each record is a monotone evidence score that orders records; 0.85 represents relative rank strength. A fitted probability was withdrawn after it overstated held-out accuracy. Threshold on the band.","status":"measured","severity":"medium"},{"code":"three_way_split_is_diagnostic","basis":["The corpus is published at the two-way decision: automatable or not-automatable. The three-way split (data_only / physical / mixed) is published as a diagnostic with its measured reliability attached, not as a claim, because the rule engine's `mixed` call cannot be defended.","The engine called 22 record(s) mixed; 10 matched the human judgement (45.5%, 95% CI 26.9-65.3).","The engine's `mixed` call is right on 10/22 hand-judged records (45.5%, 95% CI 26.9%-65.3%); a constant `physical` guess scores 36.4%.","The engine's `mixed` call does not reliably beat a constant `physical` guess on the hand-judged records it labels mixed.","The sign of that difference flips between two independent samples, so the three-way refinement is not demonstrably informative.","The mixed stratum contributes a disproportionate share of errors relative to its size.","At title-only depth the physical/mixed split collapses: a title says that work was done, not whether it was also analysed."],"claim":"The published decision is two-way","gloss":"The three-way split is shown for diagnosis only. The published split is two ways.","detail":"Count and filter the corpus on automatable versus not-automatable. The data_only / physical / mixed split remains an internal engine diagnostic because the mixed call has lower measured reliability.","status":"measured","severity":"medium"},{"code":"automatable_flag_unproven","basis":["6 of 29 assay families are marked automatable now: meta_analysis, machine_learning, survival_analysis, pca, molecular_docking, differential_expression.","The flag is a rule over assay family and work type; validation begins with the first executed replication.","It inherits the 75.2% data_only agreement rate, because the flag requires the record to be analysis-only."],"claim":"Automatable now","gloss":"This flag marks assay families the rules classify as data-only. The first executed replication will validate it.","detail":"This flag marks families the rules consider replicable from data alone. Its validity depends on the analysis-only classification and will be measured through an executed replication.","status":"unverified","severity":"medium"}],"confidence_policy":"band_with_measured_interval","confidence_contract":{"policy":"band_with_measured_interval","summary":"Confidence is reported as a BAND with a measured accuracy interval. The raw evidence score supplies monotone ordering. A fitted point estimate was withdrawn after it overstated held-out accuracy.","evidence_score":"A monotone evidence score in [0,1] built from cue mass, axis separation and text coverage. Use it to order records. Interpret 0.85 as relative rank strength.","confidence_band":"low | medium | high. Consumers threshold on this value.","band_accuracy":"Wilson 95% interval on the measured agreement of the hand-judged records in this band.","calibrated_confidence":"WITHDRAWN. Reintroduction requires held-out evidence demonstrating reliable estimates across every bin."},"band_accuracy":{"low":{"n":210,"low":0.576,"band":"low","high":0.7046,"agree":135,"accuracy":0.6429},"high":{"n":76,"low":0.8903,"band":"high","high":0.9865,"agree":73,"accuracy":0.9605},"medium":{"n":104,"low":0.6795,"band":"medium","high":0.8397,"agree":80,"accuracy":0.7692}},"provider":"rule_based_v1+lex99e1195c7d6f","lexicon_id":"99e1195c7d6f","contract_published_at":"2026-10-23T12:25:29.022232+00:00","confidence_is_band":true,"confidence_is_probability":false,"decision_taxonomy":"two_way","decidable_fraction_two_way":0.8854,"decidable_fraction_two_way_low":0.8565,"decidable_fraction_two_way_high":0.9143,"decidable_fraction_three_way":0.8586,"decidable_fraction_three_way_low":0.8287,"decidable_fraction_three_way_high":0.8884,"decidable_population":5529,"validation_sample_size":438,"three_way_cost_fraction":0.0268,"three_way_cost_records":148,"decision_counts":{"automatable":230,"not_automatable":5299},"decision_split":{"automatable":{"count":230,"share":0.04159884246699222},"not_automatable":{"count":5299,"share":0.9584011575330078}},"diagnostic_work_type_counts":{"mixed":24,"physical":5275,"data_only":230}}}