{"data":{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:40392208", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 2, "content_hash": "sha256:8c05a8fb2d3f665751a166eeda76ae257d58a60da749059fba4a7ad83b3f5687", "created_at": "2026-11-01T20:30:32Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T21:35:12Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "OrthologAL: a Shiny application for quality-aware humanization of non-human pre-clinical high-dimensional gene expression data.", "doi": "10.1093/bioinformatics/btaf311", "pmid": "40392208", "authors": ["Rishika Chowdary", "Robert K Suter", "Matthew D'Antuono", "Cynthia Gomes", "Joshua Stein", "Ki-Bum Lee", "Jae K Lee", "Nagi G Ayad"], "journal": "Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)", "year": 2025, "abstract": "MOTIVATION: Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics provide unprecedented insight into diseases. Pharmacotranscriptomic approaches are powerful tools that leverage gene expression data for drug repurposing and discovery. Multiple databases attempt to connect human cellular transcriptional responses to small molecules for use in transcriptome-based drug discovery efforts. However, preclinical research often requires in vivo experiments in non-human species, which makes utilizing such valuable resources difficult. To facilitate both human orthologous conversion of non-human transcriptomes and the application of pharmacotranscriptomic databases to pre-clinical research models, we introduce OrthologAL. OrthologAL interfaces with BioMart to access different gene sets from the Ensembl database, allowing for ortholog conversion without the need for user-generated code.\nRESULTS: Researchers can input their single-cell or other high-dimensional gene expression data from any species as a Seurat object, and OrthologAL will output a human ortholog-converted Seurat object for download and use. To demonstrate the utility of this application, we tested OrthologAL using single-cell, single-nuclei, and spatial transcriptomic data derived from common preclinical models, including patient-derived orthotopic xenografts of medulloblastoma, and mouse and rat models of spinal cord injury. OrthologAL can convert these data types efficiently to that of corresponding orthologs while preserving the dimensional architecture of the original non-human expression data. OrthologAL will be broadly useful for the simple conversion of Seurat objects and for applying preclinical, high-dimensional transcriptomics data to functional human-derived small molecule predictions.\nAVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: OrthologAL is available for download as an R package with functions to launch the Shiny GUI at https://github.com/AyadLab/OrthologAL or via Zenodo at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15225041. The medulloblastoma single-cell transcriptomics data were downloaded from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus with the identifier GSE129730. 10X Visium data of medulloblastoma PDX mouse models from Vo et al. were acquired by contacting the authors, and the raw data are available from ArrayExpress under the identifier E-MTAB-11720. The single-cell and single-nuclei transcriptomics data of rat and mouse spinal-cord injury were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus under the identifiers GSE213240 and GSE234774.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "To do this, we used the RAND index to evaluate shared-nearest-neighbor (SNN) clustering concordance pre- and post-orthologous conversion.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:40392208", "locator": "sections[2] \"2 Features\" paragraph 4", "quote": "To do this, we used the RAND index to evaluate shared-nearest-neighbor (SNN) clustering concordance pre- and post-orthologous conversion."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:40392208", "locator": "sections[7] \"Supplementary data\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:40392208"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:E-MTAB-11720"], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:E-MTAB-11720"], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": []}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:40392208", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaf311", "sha256": "sha256:d6433e604f192a7b27b8f72d7ed74ca2e373320d54cd79517001330fb004b2c4", "bytes": 19904, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "10.1093/bioinformatics/btaf311", "version": null, "note": "Full article fetched from PMC; the checksum covers the rendered section body, not the original XML bytes.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC12158155", "source": "europe_pmc_fulltext", "coverage": "whole_body", "text_hash_scope": "rendered_section_body"}}, {"id": "data:geo:E-MTAB-11720", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=E-MTAB-11720", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "E-MTAB-11720", "version": null, "note": "Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.", "access_statement_kind": "data_availability_statement", "sample_accessions": [], "sample_count": null, "group_sizes": null, "group_sizes_basis": null, "platform": null, "taxon": null, "title": null, "resolution_checked_at": "2026-11-01T20:16:19Z", "resolution_check": "identifier_resolution_only_no_download_no_licence_read", "downloaded": false, "licence_read": false}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE129730", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE129730", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE129730", "version": null, "note": "Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.", "access_statement_kind": "data_availability_statement", "sample_accessions": ["GSM3720936", "GSM3720937", "GSM3720938", "GSM3720939", "GSM3720940", "GSM3720941", "GSM3720942", "GSM3720943", "GSM3720944", "GSM3720945", "GSM3720946", "GSM3720947", "GSM3720948", "GSM3720949", "GSM3720950"], "sample_count": 15, "group_sizes": null, "group_sizes_basis": null, "platform": "21103", "taxon": "Mus musculus", "title": "Single cell RNA-seq shows cellular heterogeneity and lineage expansion in a mouse model of SHH-driven medulloblastoma support resistance to SHH inhibitor therapy", "resolution_checked_at": "2026-11-01T20:16:08Z", "resolution_check": "identifier_resolution_only_no_download_no_licence_read", "downloaded": false, "licence_read": false}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE213240", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE213240", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE213240", "version": null, "note": "Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.", "access_statement_kind": "data_availability_statement", "sample_accessions": ["GSM6576325", "GSM6576326", "GSM6576327", "GSM6576328", "GSM6576329", "GSM6576330", "GSM6576331", "GSM6576332"], "sample_count": 8, "group_sizes": null, "group_sizes_basis": null, "platform": "25947", "taxon": "Rattus norvegicus", "title": "Single cell sequencing of rat spinal cord", "resolution_checked_at": "2026-11-01T20:16:08Z", "resolution_check": "identifier_resolution_only_no_download_no_licence_read", "downloaded": false, "licence_read": false}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE234774", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE234774", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE234774", "version": null, "note": "Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.", "access_statement_kind": "data_availability_statement", "sample_accessions": ["GSM7474445", "GSM7474446", "GSM7474447", "GSM7474448", "GSM7474449", "GSM7474450", "GSM7474451", "GSM7474452", "GSM7474453", "GSM7474454", "GSM7474455", "GSM7474456", "GSM7474457", "GSM7474458", "GSM7474459", "GSM7474460", "GSM7474461", "GSM7474462", "GSM7474463", "GSM7474464", "GSM7474465", "GSM7474466", "GSM7474467", "GSM7474468", "GSM7474469", "GSM7474470", "GSM7474471", "GSM7474472", "GSM7474473", "GSM7474474", "GSM7474475", "GSM7474482", "GSM7474483", "GSM7474484", "GSM7474485", "GSM7474486", "GSM7474487", "GSM7474488", "GSM7474489", "GSM7474490", "GSM7474491", "GSM7474492", "GSM7474493", "GSM7474494", "GSM7474495", "GSM7474496", "GSM7474497", "GSM7474498", "GSM7474499", "GSM7474500", "GSM7474501", "GSM7474502", "GSM7474503", "GSM7474504", "GSM7474505", "GSM7474506", "GSM7474507", "GSM7474508", "GSM7474509", "GSM7474510", "GSM7474511", "GSM7474512", "GSM7474513", "GSM7474514", "GSM7474515", "GSM7474516", "GSM7474517", "GSM7474518", "GSM7474519", "GSM7474520", "GSM7474521", "GSM7474522", "GSM7474523", "GSM7474524", "GSM7474525", "GSM7474526", "GSM7474527"], "sample_count": 77, "group_sizes": null, "group_sizes_basis": null, "platform": "17021", "taxon": "Mus musculus", "title": "The Tabulae Paralytica: Multimodal single-cell and spatial atlases of spinal cord injury", "resolution_checked_at": "2026-11-01T20:16:08Z", "resolution_check": "identifier_resolution_only_no_download_no_licence_read", "downloaded": false, "licence_read": false}}], "gaps": ["asset:data:geo:E-MTAB-11720 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:E-MTAB-11720 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE129730 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE129730 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE213240 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE213240 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE234774 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE234774 licence not read"]}, "analysis": {"state": "partial", "methods": [{"id": "method-1", "family": null, "specific": null, "label": "RAND index", "dsl_operations": [], "missing_operations": [], "expressible": null, "parameters": {}, "data_shapes": [], "evidence": {"score": 1.0, "band": "verbatim", "quote": "To do this, we used the RAND index to evaluate shared-nearest-neighbor (SNN) clustering concordance pre- and post-orthologous conversion."}}], "targets": [], "gaps": ["method.reader_named_unmapped"]}, "capability": {"state": "complete", "requirements": [{"capability_id": "capability:computational_analysis", "label": "Computational analysis platform", "assay_families": ["meta_analysis", "machine_learning", "survival_analysis", "statistical_regression", "pca", "molecular_docking", "network_analysis", "differential_expression", "gwas"], "availability_state": "owned", "tier_unlocked": "R1", "candidate": "Automated Assays Laravel application and simulated adapters"}], "gaps": []}, "readiness": {"state": "blocked", "tier": "R4", "blocking_axis": "method", "blocked_on": "method:not_determinable", "axes": {"method": {"tier": "R4", "expressible": false, "required_operations": [], "missing_operations": [], "basis": "The reader quoted the method the paper names (RAND index), but the corpus's method extractor could not map it onto a DSL operation, so the method is published but not expressible."}, "capability": {"tier": "R1", "capability_id": "capability:computational_analysis", "availability_state": "owned", "basis": "The computational analysis is owned. The physical bench the paper used is not, so a physical validation cannot be run here."}, "data": {"tier": "R1", "reachable": true, "accessions": ["GSE129730", "E-MTAB-11720", "GSE213240", "GSE234774"], "resolved_accessions": ["GSE129730", "E-MTAB-11720", "GSE213240", "GSE234774"], "statements": ["Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online."], "basis": "The paper names GSE129730, E-MTAB-11720, GSE213240, GSE234774 in NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus and the accession resolves in the repository. No dataset was downloaded and no licence was read."}}, "can_run": {"dsl_operations": [], "assets": ["source:pmid:40392208", "data:geo:E-MTAB-11720"], "steps": ["run_analysis"]}, "must_build": {"dsl_operations": [], "converters": [], "readers": [], "capabilities": [], "data_gaps": ["data:geo:E-MTAB-11720"]}, "gaps": ["method:not_determinable"]}, "review": {"state": "partial", "machine_critique": {"kind": "extraction_review", "reader": {"model": "MiniMax-M3.1-Flash", "provider": "minimax", "provider_family": "minimax", "read_at": "2026-11-01T19:52:39Z", "independence": "single_reader"}, "evidence_check": {"method": "verbatim", "availability": "verbatim"}, "calls": 5, "usage": {"prompt_tokens": 6128, "completion_tokens": 1752, "cached_tokens": 264}}, "human_critique": null, "stages": [{"id": "extraction", "state": "complete", "reader": "MiniMax-M3.1-Flash", "provider": "minimax"}], "gaps": ["review.independent_reader", "review.machine_critique", "review.human_critique"]}, "execution": {"state": "absent", "status": "not_run", "mode": null, "runs": [], "gaps": ["execution.not_run"]}, "provenance": {"entities": [{"id": "pmid:40392208", "type": "paper", "label": "pmid:40392208"}, {"id": "source:pmid:40392208", "type": "manuscript", "label": "PMID 40392208 full text"}, {"id": "data:geo:E-MTAB-11720", "type": "dataset", "label": "GEO E-MTAB-11720"}], "activities": [{"id": "activity-reading-sci-2026-11-01", "type": "classification", "used": [{"id": "pmid:40392208", "type": "paper", "label": "pmid:40392208"}, {"id": "source:pmid:40392208", "type": "manuscript", "label": "PMID 40392208 full text"}, {"id": "data:geo:E-MTAB-11720", "type": "dataset", "label": "GEO E-MTAB-11720"}], "agent": "agent:corpus-assay-engine"}, {"id": "activity-read-40392208", "type": "extraction", "used": ["source:pmid:40392208"], "agent": "agent:minimax-reader"}, {"id": "activity-resolve-E-MTAB-11720", "type": "accession_resolution", "used": ["data:geo:E-MTAB-11720"], "agent": "agent:corpus-assay-engine"}], "agents": [{"id": "agent:corpus-assay-engine", "type": "software", "label": "Corpus assay engine"}, {"id": "agent:minimax-reader", "type": "software", "label": "MiniMax literature reader"}], "source_run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01", "dsl_catalogue_fingerprint": "343fb30756ba6ec3", "capability_table_fingerprint": "2cb3e42f047d2ecf", "snapshot_id": "ba34b49490d9bfaf"}, "lineage": {"parent_id": "pmid:40392208", "parent_hash": "sha256:3399ced6a47c40485c9df73df1c656fc949f01e9bab8c21902269a0a397eab0c", "fork_of": null, "generation": 1}, "gaps": ["asset:data:geo:E-MTAB-11720 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:E-MTAB-11720 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE129730 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE129730 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE213240 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE213240 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE234774 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE234774 not downloaded", "execution.not_run", "method.reader_named_unmapped", "review.human_critique", "review.independent_reader", "review.machine_critique"], "assays": [{"role": "data_generation", "definition_id": "animal_model", "definition_version": "99e1195c7d6f", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "partial", "source_hashes": {"assay_lexicon": "99e1195c7d6f"}, "confidence": 0.99, "evidence": ["However, preclinical research often requires in vivo experiments in non-human species, which make", "rthotopic xenografts of medulloblastoma, and mouse and rat models of spinal cord injury. Orthol", "9730. 10X Visium data of medulloblastoma PDX mouse models from Vo et al. were acquired by conta", "ingle-nuclei transcriptomics data of rat and mouse spinal-cord injury were acquired from the Ge"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:502", "id": "assay:1"}, {"role": "data_generation", "definition_id": "clinical_cohort", "definition_version": "99e1195c7d6f", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "partial", "source_hashes": {"assay_lexicon": "99e1195c7d6f"}, "confidence": 0.93, "evidence": ["ed from common preclinical models, including patient-derived orthotopic xenografts of medulloblastoma, an"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:1366", "id": "assay:2"}, {"role": "data_generation", "definition_id": "scrna_seq", "definition_version": "99e1195c7d6f", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "unsupported", "source_hashes": {"assay_lexicon": "99e1195c7d6f"}, "confidence": 0.93, "evidence": ["10.5281/zenodo.15225041. The medulloblastoma single-cell transcriptomics data were downloaded from the NCBI Gene Expr"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:2094", "id": "assay:3"}]},"meta":{"api_version":"v1","automation_ladder_snapshot":"ba34b49490d9bfaf","automation_ladder_caveats":["Method extraction is rule-based and has no hand-judged accuracy sample. Evidence bands order textual support; method agreement intervals are null (n=0), never probabilities. Work-type validation does not validate methods.","Operation coverage describes only explicitly named methods. It does not prove a complete protocol, compatible parameters, successful compilation or re-execution. Unrecognised or ambiguous methods require review.","Data reachability is a textual accession or public-data statement. No dataset was downloaded or checked for access, completeness or licence.","Capabilities are planning states seeded from the dated equipment register. No bench ownership, completed quote or partner booking is inferred. Procurement counts are dependencies, not guaranteed replications or financial returns.","Tier and blocker counts are deterministic assessments of this corpus, not measured agreement. R3 is reserved for procurement; unresolved methods and data require human work (R4). The most restrictive axis wins, with capability, method, data as tie-breaks. Resolving one blocker can leave another at the same tier."],"engine":"corpus_engine","engine_provider":"rule_based_v1+lex99e1195c7d6f","run_id":"run-20261023T122449232913","source":"esearch","source_detail":"PubMed mirror biomed_pubmed (read-only)","run_status":"complete","imported_at":"2026-11-03T20:16:52+00:00","generated_at":"2026-11-04T01:45:42+00:00","total_papers":5529,"total_assays_tracked":29,"automatable_assay_families":6,"validated":true,"caveat_count":9,"blocking_caveats":5,"caveats":[{"code":"low_evidence_dominates","basis":["4,152 of 5,529 classifications (75.1%) matched no cue evidence and sit at the 0.05 floor.","34 of 230 data_only calls (14.8%) are in that group."],"claim":"Work type and confidence bands","gloss":"Most records were classified from their title and framing alone, with assay-cue coverage at zero.","detail":"Most classifications in this run rest on no matched evidence at all. At the evidence floor the work type comes from title framing and a fixed prior, not from anything in the paper, so the published work-type split should be read as a rough triage signal rather than a measured distribution. The impact is bounded but not removed: since 2026-10-23 the engine excludes floor-confidence records from the shortlist entirely and publishes them separately as held out, so the recommendation is unaffected even though the census is.","status":"unverified","severity":"high"},{"code":"runtime_is_modelled","basis":["Runtime is summed from published per-assay hour figures. Timing awaits the first executed replication.","4,407 of 5,529 records (79.7%) model to 0.00 hours because no assay was matched, which the ranking then reads as \"cheapest\".","0 of 10 shortlisted records carry a 0.00-hour estimate."],"claim":"Estimated replication runtime","gloss":"The hour figures are estimates built from assay mentions; timing awaits the first executed replication.","detail":"The hour figures are a cost model derived from the bench steps implied by each matched assay family. The first executed replication will supply measured timing. Records without an assay match currently receive a zero-hour model value.","status":"unverified","severity":"high"},{"code":"signal_score_without_citations","basis":["5,529 of 5,529 records (100.0%) have no citation count from the source metadata."],"claim":"Signal score","gloss":"The signal score uses publication-type weight because the mirror supplied zero citation counts.","detail":"The source supplied no citation counts for any record in this run, so the signal score is publication-type weight only. The citation term of the ranking is inert here, and the shortlist is ordered by publication type alone.","status":"unverified","severity":"high"},{"code":"abstract_absent","basis":["1,667 of 5,529 records (30.2%) carry no abstract at all."],"claim":"Evidence base for classification","gloss":"Some records contain a title and publication type only, defining the available classification evidence.","detail":"Where the mirror contains a title and publication types only, those fields define the classifier evidence. A methods section is required for fuller automated and human review.","status":"unverified","severity":"medium"},{"code":"classifier_agreement_measured","basis":["Published two-way decision agreement 77.7% (310 of 399 decidable records) from a stratified hand-check of 438 real records.","Three-way diagnostic agreement 73.9% (288 of 390 decidable records).","data_only agreement 75.2% (100 of 133 decidable).","48 record(s) could not be decided from title and abstract and were excluded from the denominator.","56 analysis-only records were published under another work type, so the data_only share is not an upper bound."],"claim":"Published automatable decision","gloss":"This figure has been checked against a human reading the same papers, so we know how often it is right.","detail":"The published automatable / not-automatable distribution comes from a rule-based classifier that was hand-checked against a fixed ground-truth definition. The agreement rates below are measured, not estimated. The three-way work type remains a diagnostic and is reported separately.","status":"measured","severity":"high"},{"code":"llm_comparison_not_measured","basis":["rule_based_v1+lex99e1195c7d6f produced 5,529 of 5,529 classifications.","Measured on 438 labelled records; these are RULE-BASED figures, not model results."],"claim":"Rule-based versus LLM agreement","gloss":"Every number here is the rule engine’s own. Model comparison begins when a working API credential is connected and measured.","detail":"The published two-way decision agreed with a human reading on 310 of 399 decidable records (77.7%). The diagnostic three-way label agreed on 288 of 390 decidable records (73.9%). Every percentage in this run belongs to the rule engine. Model comparison begins when a working API credential is connected and measured.","status":"not_measured","severity":"high"},{"code":"confidence_is_a_band","basis":["low band: 135 of 210 hand-judged records were correct, 64.3% [57.6, 70.5] (95% CI).","medium band: 80 of 104 hand-judged records were correct, 76.9% [68.0, 84.0] (95% CI).","high band: 73 of 76 hand-judged records were correct, 96.0% [89.0, 98.7] (95% CI).","A fitted calibrated probability was built, measured and withdrawn: it overstated held-out accuracy and reorders nothing."],"claim":"Confidence band and evidence score","gloss":"The confidence band carries a measured accuracy interval; 0.85 represents relative rank strength.","detail":"Confidence on this run is a BAND plus its measured accuracy interval. The number stored alongside each record is a monotone evidence score that orders records; 0.85 represents relative rank strength. A fitted probability was withdrawn after it overstated held-out accuracy. Threshold on the band.","status":"measured","severity":"medium"},{"code":"three_way_split_is_diagnostic","basis":["The corpus is published at the two-way decision: automatable or not-automatable. The three-way split (data_only / physical / mixed) is published as a diagnostic with its measured reliability attached, not as a claim, because the rule engine's `mixed` call cannot be defended.","The engine called 22 record(s) mixed; 10 matched the human judgement (45.5%, 95% CI 26.9-65.3).","The engine's `mixed` call is right on 10/22 hand-judged records (45.5%, 95% CI 26.9%-65.3%); a constant `physical` guess scores 36.4%.","The engine's `mixed` call does not reliably beat a constant `physical` guess on the hand-judged records it labels mixed.","The sign of that difference flips between two independent samples, so the three-way refinement is not demonstrably informative.","The mixed stratum contributes a disproportionate share of errors relative to its size.","At title-only depth the physical/mixed split collapses: a title says that work was done, not whether it was also analysed."],"claim":"The published decision is two-way","gloss":"The three-way split is shown for diagnosis only. The published split is two ways.","detail":"Count and filter the corpus on automatable versus not-automatable. The data_only / physical / mixed split remains an internal engine diagnostic because the mixed call has lower measured reliability.","status":"measured","severity":"medium"},{"code":"automatable_flag_unproven","basis":["6 of 29 assay families are marked automatable now: meta_analysis, machine_learning, survival_analysis, pca, molecular_docking, differential_expression.","The flag is a rule over assay family and work type; validation begins with the first executed replication.","It inherits the 75.2% data_only agreement rate, because the flag requires the record to be analysis-only."],"claim":"Automatable now","gloss":"This flag marks assay families the rules classify as data-only. The first executed replication will validate it.","detail":"This flag marks families the rules consider replicable from data alone. Its validity depends on the analysis-only classification and will be measured through an executed replication.","status":"unverified","severity":"medium"}],"confidence_policy":"band_with_measured_interval","confidence_contract":{"policy":"band_with_measured_interval","summary":"Confidence is reported as a BAND with a measured accuracy interval. The raw evidence score supplies monotone ordering. A fitted point estimate was withdrawn after it overstated held-out accuracy.","evidence_score":"A monotone evidence score in [0,1] built from cue mass, axis separation and text coverage. Use it to order records. Interpret 0.85 as relative rank strength.","confidence_band":"low | medium | high. Consumers threshold on this value.","band_accuracy":"Wilson 95% interval on the measured agreement of the hand-judged records in this band.","calibrated_confidence":"WITHDRAWN. Reintroduction requires held-out evidence demonstrating reliable estimates across every bin."},"band_accuracy":{"low":{"n":210,"low":0.576,"band":"low","high":0.7046,"agree":135,"accuracy":0.6429},"high":{"n":76,"low":0.8903,"band":"high","high":0.9865,"agree":73,"accuracy":0.9605},"medium":{"n":104,"low":0.6795,"band":"medium","high":0.8397,"agree":80,"accuracy":0.7692}},"provider":"rule_based_v1+lex99e1195c7d6f","lexicon_id":"99e1195c7d6f","contract_published_at":"2026-10-23T12:25:29.022232+00:00","confidence_is_band":true,"confidence_is_probability":false,"decision_taxonomy":"two_way","decidable_fraction_two_way":0.8854,"decidable_fraction_two_way_low":0.8565,"decidable_fraction_two_way_high":0.9143,"decidable_fraction_three_way":0.8586,"decidable_fraction_three_way_low":0.8287,"decidable_fraction_three_way_high":0.8884,"decidable_population":5529,"validation_sample_size":438,"three_way_cost_fraction":0.0268,"three_way_cost_records":148,"decision_counts":{"automatable":230,"not_automatable":5299},"decision_split":{"automatable":{"count":230,"share":0.04159884246699222},"not_automatable":{"count":5299,"share":0.9584011575330078}},"diagnostic_work_type_counts":{"mixed":24,"physical":5275,"data_only":230}}}