iTRAQ-Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of the Initiation of Head Regeneration in Planarians.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:26131905", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 7, "content_hash": "sha256:43a67168e7991c5b929badea331b8ed9d755d07b56e3d6238567aa6dc7feddbc", "created_at": "2026-11-01T15:40:09Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T21:58:31Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "iTRAQ-Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of the Initiation of Head Regeneration in Planarians.", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0132045", "pmid": "26131905", "authors": ["Xiaofang Geng", "Gaiping Wang", "Yanli Qin", "Xiayan Zang", "Pengfei Li", "Zhi Geng", "Deming Xue", "Zimei Dong", "Kexue Ma", "Guangwen Chen", "Cunshuan Xu"], "journal": "PloS one", "year": 2015, "abstract": "The planarian Dugesia japonica has amazing ability to regenerate a head from the anterior ends of the amputated stump with maintenance of the original anterior-posterior polarity. Although planarians present an attractive system for molecular investigation of regeneration and research has focused on clarifying the molecular mechanism of regeneration initiation in planarians at transcriptional level, but the initiation mechanism of planarian head regeneration (PHR) remains unclear at the protein level. Here, a global analysis of proteome dynamics during the early stage of PHR was performed using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomics strategy, and our data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD002100. The results showed that 162 proteins were differentially expressed at 2 h and 6 h following amputation. Furthermore, the analysis of expression patterns and functional enrichment of the differentially expressed proteins showed that proteins involved in muscle contraction, oxidation reduction and protein synthesis were up-regulated in the initiation of PHR. Moreover, ingenuity pathway analysis showed that predominant signaling pathways such as ILK, calcium, EIF2 and mTOR signaling which were associated with cell migration, cell proliferation and protein synthesis were likely to be involved in the initiation of PHR. The results for the first time demonstrated that muscle contraction and ILK signaling might played important roles in the initiation of PHR at the global protein level. 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"section[12]/table-wrap[1]#pone.0132045.t001", "version": null, "note": "Relative expression abundance of the representative proteins in four clusters at the early stage of planarian head regeneration.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC4488856", "section_index": 12, "section_title": "Functional enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed proteins at the early stage of planarian head regeneration", "row_count": 63, "column_count": 9}, "table": {"label": "Table 1", "caption": "Relative expression abundance of the representative proteins in four clusters at the early stage of planarian head regeneration.", "rows": [["Accession", "Protein Name", "Gene", "MW [kDa]", "calc. pI", "Coverage", "Unique Peptides", "2h*", "6h*"], ["Carbohydrate and energy metabolism (Cluster 1 and 3)"], ["F1R2A3", "ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase, platelet type", "PFKP", "35.8", "7.0", "8.0", "2", "0.52", "1.10"], ["P85968", "6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating", "PGD", "53.2", "7.0", "29.4", "8", "0.56", "0.94"], ["P30835", "6-phosphofructokinase, liver type", "PFKL", "85.3", "7.4", "6.3", "2", "0.61", "1.14"], ["D4A7P8", "2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial", "OGDH", "115.2", "6.9", "24.1", "10", "0.65", "1.76"], ["O70199", "UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase", "UGDH", "54.9", "7.5", "37.9", "9", "0.66", "1.05"], ["Q64428", "Trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha, mitochondrial", "HADHA", "82.6", "9.1", "36.6", "20", "0.69", "0.83"], ["P55159", "Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1", "PON1", "39.3", "5.2", "23.9", "7", "0.70", "0.81"], ["O02572", "Enolase", "ENO1", "17.1", "9.0", "37.9", "4", "0.70", "0.96"], ["P21213", "Histidine ammonia-lyase", "HAL", "72.2", "6.5", "20.9", "10", "0.71", "0.83"], ["G3V945", "Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 5, subfamily A1", "ALDH5A1", "56.1", "8.1", "24.9", "10", "1.32", "0.70"], ["Q1MTI4", "Triosephosphate isomerase A", "TPI1A", "26.8", "5.0", "29.8", "2", "0.57", "0.56"], ["Q90XG0", "Triosephosphate isomerase B", "TPI1B", "26.8", "6.9", "70.6", "2", "1.41", "1.01"], ["F1QXK3", "Acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 3", "ACOX3", "70.1", "7.6", "9.9", "4", "1.41", "1.14"], ["D3ZSC5", "Cystathionine beta-synthase", "CBS", "52.4", "6.7", "33.5", "7", "1.44", "1.01"], ["A9JRE6", "Dmgdh protein (Fragment)", "DMGDH", "97.4", "7.0", "25.7", "3", "1.44", "0.95"], ["B0BNG1", "Probable proline dehydrogenase 2", "PRODH2", "51.1", "8.5", "21.1", "8", "1.46", "0.77"], ["Q5SPG8", "Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 1", "ACOT1", "48.6", "8.3", "9.8", "3", "1.47", "1.04"], ["Q68FT3", "Pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase domain-containing protein 2", "PYROXD2", "62.8", "8.2", "4.5", "2", "1.49", "0.93"], ["Q6NZW7", "Dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase", "DLST", "48.6", "8.7", "11.2", "2", "1.49", "0.98"], ["B1WC61", "Acad9 protein", "ACAD9", "68.8", "7.7", "23.2", "13", "1.50", "1.26"], ["Q6PBX8", "NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 2", "NDUFV2", "26.6", "5.6", "13.9", "3", "1.52", "1.19"], ["P21571", "ATP synthase-coupling factor 6, mitochondrial", "ATP5J", "12.5", "9.4", "46.3", "6", "1.72", "0.88"], ["Q5BK17", "Iodotyrosine dehalogenase 1", "IYD", "32.8", "6.6", "7.7", "2", "1.83", "1.14"], ["P00564", "Creatine kinase M-type", "CKM", "43.0", "7.1", "21.0", "5", "3.01", "2.89"], ["Nucleosome assembly and organization (Cluster 2)"], ["P15865", "Histone H1.4", "HIST1H1E", "22.0", "11.1", "18.7", "3", "0.44", "0.53"], ["Q7ZUY3", "Histone H2A.x", "H2AFX", "15.0", "10.7", "39.4", "3", "0.38", "0.53"], ["P0C0S7", "Histone H2A.Z", "H2AFZ", "13.5", "10.6", "31.3", "2", "0.68", "0.74"], ["A7E2M8", "Histone H2B", "HIST2H2BE", "13.6", "10.4", "48.4", "2", "0.50", "0.53"], ["A3KPR4", "Histone H4", "HIST1H4A", "11.4", "11.4", "53.4", "3", "0.61", "0.71"], ["Q6NYV3", "Histone H1.0", "H1F0", "21.2", "10.9", "9.6", "2", "0.24", "0.28"], ["B8JN00", "Histone H2A", "H2AFY2", "24.3", "10.2", "9.8", "2", "0.62", "0.56"], ["Translation (Cluster 3)"], ["P62755", "40S ribosomal protein S6", "RPS6", "28.7", "10.8", "24.9", "2", "1.41", "0.83"], ["P62083", "40S ribosomal protein S7", "RPS7", "22.1", "10.1", "44.9", "5", "1.66", "0.87"], ["P23358", "60S ribomal protein L12", "RPL12", "17.8", "9.4", "59.4", "5", "1.67", "0.90"], ["H7C5Y5", "60S ribosomal protein L6", "RPL6", "33.6", "10.7", "29.6", "7", "1.38", "0.61"], ["Q6P3V8", "Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A1", "EIF4A1", "46.1", "5.5", "37.0", "6", "1.58", "1.00"], ["A4V6L7", "DEAD box polypeptide 48 protein", "EIF4A3", "43.1", "7.8", "7.7", "2", "1.65", "1.01"], ["Protein localization (Cluster 3)"], ["F1M6Z1", "Apolipoprotein B-100", "APOB", "509.4", "7.2", "3.1", "11", "1.41", "1.03"], ["Q5PQK5", "Radixin", "RDX", "68.5", "6.3", "19.0", "5", "1.59", "0.91"], ["Q3B7E7", "Sorting nexin 3", "SNX3", "18.8", "8.6", "12.4", "2", "1.80", "0.81"], ["Q4KM74", "Vesicle-trafficking protein SEC22b", "SEC22B", "24.7", "8.5", "20.5", "4", "1.55", "0.92"], ["B2RZD1", "Protein Sec61b", "SEC61B", "10.0", "11.6", "33.3", "2", "1.20", "0.61"], ["Muscle contraction (Cluster 4)"], ["Q76BG8", "Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase", "ALDOA", "36.1", "7.9", "29.9", "8", "1.86", "2.15"], ["G3V885", "Myosin-6", "MYH6", "223.4", "5.7", "30.6", "3", "1.11", "1.41"], ["D3ZCV0", "Protein Actn2", "ACTN2", "103.8", "5.5", "31.0", "8", "1.66", "1.51"], ["F1M789", "Protein Myh13", "MYH13", "208.8", "5.6", "21.5", "5", "1.67", "2.36"], ["F1RBV5", "Uncharacterized protein", "MYH4", "221.6", "5.8", "26.3", "2", "1.47", "2.22"], ["B6RK61", "Myosin heavy chain 7B", "MYH7B", "221.5", "5.9", "9.07", "3", "1.45", "1.29"], ["Q7LZ84", "Myosin heavy chain, cardiac and skeletal muscle", "MYH7", "45.2", "5.8", "47.04", "6", "1.45", "1.29"], ["Extracellular matrix organization (Cluster 4)"], ["F1LNH3", "Protein Col6a2 (Fragment)", "COL6A2", "109.4", "6.6", "2.0", "2", "1.70", "1.62"], ["Q9W7R9", "Alpha1 type II collagen", "COL2A1", "135.0", "7.8", "5.2", "6", "1.85", "1.38"], ["Q9YIB4", "Collagen alpha-1(I) chain", "COL1A1", "137.5", "5.6", "21.0", "24", "2.37", "1.19"], 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