Human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes: Genome-wide expression profiling of long-term in vitro maturation in comparison to human heart tissue.

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However, the specification of early hPSC-derived CMs into defined cardiac subtypes such as atrial and ventricular cells is not well understood and, thus, poorly controlled. Moreover, the maturation status of hPSC-CMs is not well defined, yet it is known that these cells undergo at least some degree of maturation upon longer term in vitro culture. To gain insight into this process, and to assess their developmental status, we have recently generated a data set of hPSC-CMs monitoring global changes in gene expression upon long term maintenance in vitro, in comparison to human atrial and ventricular heart samples (GEO accession number GEO: GSE64189). These data present a rich resource for evaluating the maturation status of hPSC-CMs, for identifying suitable markers for subtype-specific gene expression, as well as for the generation of functional hypotheses. Here, we provide additional details and quality checks of this data set, and exemplify how it can be used to identify maturation-associated as well as cardiac subtype-specific markers.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "Following these routine checks, all separately hybridized samples were background-subtracted and normalized using the Cubic Spline algorithm in GenomeStudio.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:26484180", "locator": "sections[5] \"Technical and biological data quality assessment\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Following these routine checks, all separately hybridized samples were background-subtracted and normalized using the Cubic Spline algorithm in GenomeStudio."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "Deposited data can be found here: http://www.dtd.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE64189.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:26484180", "locator": "sections[2] \"Direct link to deposited data\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Deposited data can be found here: http://www.dtd.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE64189."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "Using stringent filtering criteria (> 10-fold differences in gene expression), the study identified cardiac subtype-specific markers, with the underlying dataset deposited under GEO accession number GEO: GSE64189.", "kind": "quantitative", "target": {"value": 10.0, "unit": "fold change", "tolerance": null, "source": "A comparison of human atrial and ventricular samples allowed for the identification of marker genes. Using stringent filtering criteria (> 10-fold differences in gene expression), these included known structural genes, ion channels, as well as transcriptional regulators (Fig. 2, Table 1)."}, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:26484180", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 1", "quote": "Here, we provide additional details and quality checks of this data set, and exemplify how it can be used to identify maturation-associated as well as cardiac subtype-specific markers."}, {"asset": "source:pmid:26484180", "locator": "sections[6] \"Basic data analysis\" paragraph 2", "quote": "A comparison of human atrial and ventricular samples allowed for the identification of marker genes. 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