Nanonets Collect Cancer Secretome from Pericellular Space.

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The cancer secretome, the collection of all macromolecules secreted by a tumor cell, alters its composition compared to normal tissue, and this change plays an important role in the observation of cancer progression. The collection and accurate analysis of cancer secretomes could lead to the discovery of novel biomarkers, thus improving outcomes of cancer treatment. We unexpectedly discovered that enzyme-instructed self-assembly (EISA) of a D-peptide hydrogelator results in nanonets/hydrogel around cancer cells that overexpress ectophosphatases. Here we show that these nanonets are able to rapidly collect proteins in the pericellular space (i.e., near the surface) of cancer cells. Because the secretory substances are at their highest concentration near the cell surface, the use of pericellular nanonets to collect the cancer secretome maximizes the yield and quality of samples, reduces pre-analytical variations, and allows the dynamic profiling of secretome samples. Thus, this new approach has great potential in identifying the heterotypic signaling in tumor microenvironments thereby improving the understanding of tumor microenvironments and accelerating the discovery of potential biomarkers in cancer biology. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD003924.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "As shown in Fig 2E and 2F, the linear regression of the identified proteins in the two trials of 2h_N has a R2 value of 0.77, which is significantly higher than that of the two trials of 2h_CM (R2 value = 0.47), indicating the reproducibility between the two trials of 2h_N is much higher than that of 2h_CM.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:27100780", "locator": "sections[9] \"Higher quantity and quality of the secretome collected by the nanonets\" paragraph 5", "quote": "As shown in Fig 2E and 2F, the linear regression of the identified proteins in the two trials of 2h_N has a R2 value of 0.77, which is significantly higher than that of the two trials of 2h_CM (R2 value = 0.47), indicating the reproducibility between the two trials of 2h_N is much higher than that of 2h_CM."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:27100780", "locator": "sections[18] \"Data Availability\" paragraph 2", "quote": "All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "The paper used linear regression of unique-peptide hits to assess reproducibility between trials, with the source data available through ProteomeXchange under identifier PXD003924. 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