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pmid:29286311
Comparative Proteomics Analysis of Urine Reveals Down-Regulation of Acute Phase Response Signaling and LXR/RXR Activation Pathways in Prostate Cancer.
Katarina Davalieva · Sanja Kiprijanovska · Ivana Maleva Kostovska · Sotir Stavridis · Oliver Stankov · Selim Komina · Gordana Petrusevska · Momir Polenakovic
Proteomes · 2017 doi:10.3390/proteomes6010001
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Experiment
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Data
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Analysis
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Execution
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Complete file
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The aim of this study was the identification of urine proteins that are sufficiently sensitive and specific to detect PCa in the early stages. Comparative proteomics profiling of urine from patients with PCa, benign prostate hyperplasia, bladder cancer, and renal cancer, coupled with bioinformatics analysis, were performed. Statistically significant difference in abundance showed 20 and 85 proteins in the 2-D DIGE/MS and label-free LC-MS/MS experiments, respectively. In silico analysis indicated activation, binding, and cell movement of subset of immune cells as the top affected cellular functions in PCa, together with the down-regulation of Acute Phase Response Signaling and Liver X Receptor/ Retinoid X Receptor (LXR/RXR) activation pathways. The most promising biomarkers were 35, altered in PCa when compared to more than one group. Half of these have confirmed localization in normal or PCa tissues. Twenty proteins (CD14, AHSG, ENO1, ANXA1, CLU, COL6A1, C3, FGA, FGG, HPX, PTGDS, S100A9, LMAN2, ITIH4, ACTA2, GRN, HBB, PEBP1, CTSB, SPP1) are oncogenes, tumor suppressors, and multifunctional proteins with highly confirmed involvement in PCa, while 9 (AZU1, IGHG1, RNASE2, PZP, REG1A, AMY1A, AMY2A, ACTG2, COL18A1) have been associated with different cancers, but not with PCa so far, and may represent novel findings. LC-MS/MS data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD008407.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The mass spectrometry proteomics data have been deposited in the ProteomeXchange Consortium (http://proteomecentral.proteomexchange.org) via the PRIDE partner repository [20] with data set identifier PXD008407 and 10.6019/PXD008407.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:29286311", "locator": "sections[6] \"2.4. 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Analysis of the Proteomics Data\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Proteins with differential abundance among the four groups were considered with fold change ≥ 1.5 and Anova ≤ 0.05. p-values between groups were calculated using t-test (independent, 2-tailed, unequal variance) and subsequently false discovery rate (FDR) correction for multiple testing [21] was applied."}, {"asset": "source:pmid:29286311", "locator": "sections[6] \"2.4. 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"6.81", "70", "1.8 × 10−3", "99", "8/11", "13"], ["7", "2.3 × 10−2", "3.5", "", "", "", "", "Kininogen-1", "KNG1", "73.0", "6.34", "94", "7.9 × 10−6", "88", "9/13", "18"], ["8", "4.3 × 10−2", "2.6", "6.2 × 10−5", "3.0", "", "", "Kininogen-1", "KNG1", "73.0", "6.34", "156", "5.1 × 10−12", "43", "17/24", "24"], ["9", "", "", "2.2 × 10−2", "2.4", "", "", "Kininogen-1", "KNG1", "73.0", "6.34", "139", "2.5 × 10−10", "56", "14/20", "24"], ["10", "", "", "3.4 × 10−2", "2.6", "", "", "Kininogen-1", "KNG1", "73.0", "6.34", "131", "1.6 × 10−9", "101", "11/12", "18"], ["11", "4.5 × 10−2", "2.5", "6.9 × 10−3", "4.4", "", "", "Kininogen-1", "KNG1", "73.0", "6.34", "111", "1.6 × 10−7", "35", "10/14", "19"], ["12", "", "", "5.5 × 10−3", "3.1", "", "", "Kininogen-1", "KNG1", "73.0", "6.34", "90", "5.6 × 10−6", "58", "9/14", "18"], ["13", "1.3 × 10−2", "−2.8", "3.7 × 10−2", "−2.6", "", "", "mix (Ig alpha-1 chain C region/Ig alpha-2 chain C region)", "IGHA1/ IGHA2", "38.5/ 37.3", "6.08/ 5.71", "65/81", "2.4 × 10−3/ 1.1 × 10−4", "48/45", "6/6/8", "14/20"], ["14", "3.9 × 10−2", "−2.4", "1.9 × 10−2", "−2.7", "", "", "mix (Ig alpha-1 chain C region/Ig alpha-2 chain C region)", "IGHA1/ IGHA2", "38.5/ 37.3", "6.08/ 5.71", "59/82", "2.4 × 10−2/ 1.3 × 10−4", "48/45", "5/6/8", "13/20"], ["15", "2.2 × 10−2", "−2.9", "1.3 × 10−2", "−2.5", "", "", "Ig alpha-1 chain C region", "IGHA1", "38.5", "6.08", "84", "8.8 × 10−5", "13", "7/13", "31"], ["16", "", "", "8.3 × 10−3", "−2.1", "", "", "mix (Ig alpha-1 chain C region/Ig alpha-2 chain C region)", "IGHA1/ IGHA2", "38.5/ 37.3", "6.08/ 5.71", "111/84", "1.6 × 10−7/ 7.7 × 10−5", "59/63", "10/8/19", "38/27"], ["17", "2.1 × 10−2", "−2.7", "3.5 × 10−2", "−2.5", "", "", "mix (Ig alpha-1 chain C region/Ig alpha-2 chain C region)", "IGHA1/ IGHA2", "38.5/ 37.3", "6.08/ 5.71", "102/84", "1.3 × 10−6/ 7.7 × 10−5", "89/93", "9/8/19", "33/27"], ["18", "3.1 × 10−2", "−2.2", "1.2 × 10−2", "−2.1", "5.1 × 10−3", "−1.6", "mix (Ig alpha-1 chain C region/Ig alpha-2 chain C region)", "IGHA1", "38.5/ 37.3", "6.08/ 5.71", "92/56", "1.2 × 10−5/ 5.0 × 10−2", "23/28", "7/6/20", "28/26"], ["19", "1.4 × 10−2", "−2.4", "", "", "5.6 × 10−2", "−1.6", "mix (Ig alpha-1 chain C region/Ig alpha-2 chain C region)", "IGHA1/ IGHA2", "38.5/ 37.3", "6.08/ 5.71", "97/69", "3.8 × 10−6/ 2.4 × 10−3", "37/37", "10/8/38", "38/27"], ["20", "2.9 × 10−2", "−2.0", "6.4 × 10−3", "−2.0", "6.7 × 10−2", "−1.7", "mix (Ig alpha-1 chain C region/Ig alpha-2 chain C region)", "IGHA1/ IGHA2", "38.5/ 37.3", "6.08/ 5.71", "122/82", "1.3 × 10−8/ 1.4 × 10−4", "11/12", "9/8/12", "26/21"], ["21 a", "", "", "2.0 × 10−2", "−3.2", "", "", "Arginyl-tRNA-protein transferase 1", "ATE1", "60.0", "8.17", "98", "3.6 × 10−6", "67", "9/16", "28"], ["22", "", "", "1.8 × 10−2", "−2.0", "", "", "Fibrinogen gamma chain", "FGG", "52.1", "5.37", "121", "1.6 × 10−8", "43", "12/23", "38"], ["23", "", "", "2.1 × 10−2", "−5.3", "", "", "Fibrinogen gamma chain", "FGG", "52.1", "5.37", "174", "8.0 × 10−14", "39", "14/18", "42"], ["24", "", "", "3.4 × 10−2", "−5.7", "", "", "Fibrinogen gamma chain", "FGG", "52.1", "5.37", "117", "4.0 × 10−8", "83", "12/19", "31"], ["25", "", "", "3.5 × 10−2", "−7.1", "", "", "Fibrinogen gamma chain", "FGG", "52.1", "5.37", "107", "4.0 × 10−7", "35", "12/26", "32"], ["26", "", "", "4.1 × 10−2", "−5.8", "", "", "Fibrinogen gamma chain", "FGG", "52.1", "5.37", "139", "2.5 × 10−10", "39", "13/25", "37"], ["27", "", "", "2.0 × 10−3", "2.1", "", "", "Zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein", "AZGP1", "34.5", "5.71", "102", "1.3 × 10−6", "45", "13/27", "30"], ["28", "", "", "2.0 × 10−2", "−4.7", "", "", "Haptoglobin", "HP", "45.9", "6.13", "87", "3.8 × 10−5", "104", "8/17", "18"], ["29", "", "", "1.9 × 10−2", "−6.7", "", "", "Haptoglobin", "HP", "45.9", "6.13", "108", "3.2 × 10−7", "11", "13/25", "27"], ["30", "", "", "2.2 × 10−2", "−6.3", "", "", "Haptoglobin", "HP", "45.9", "6.13", "107", "4.0 × 10−7", "53", "16/37", "28"], ["31", "", "", "2.6 × 10−2", "−7.5", "", "", "Haptoglobin", "HP", "45.9", "6.13", "98", "3.1 × 10−6", "47", "12/27", "27"], ["32", "", "", "2.6 × 10−2", "−8.1", "", "", "Haptoglobin", "HP", "45.9", "6.13", "86", "5.0 × 10−5", "55", "13/30", "28"], ["33", "", "", "2.1 × 10−2", "−7.7", "", "", "Haptoglobin", "HP", "45.9", "6.13", "129", "2.5 × 10−9", "44", "12/16", "30"], ["34", "", "", "1.8 × 10−3", "3.4", "", "", "Fibrinogen alpha chain (fragment)", "FGA", "95.7 (45)", "5.7", "125", "6.4 × 10−9", "72", "12/16", "15"], ["35", "", "", "2.6 × 10−3", "5.3", "", "", "Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 (fragment)", "ITIH4", "103.5 (45)", "6.57", "69", "2.5 × 10−3", "47", "9/26", "12"], ["36", "2.2 × 10−2", "2.5", "", "", "", "", "Hemoglobin subunit beta", "HBB", "16.1", "6.75", "141", "1.6 × 10−10", "88", "11/22", "69"], ["37", "8.4 × 10−3", "2.5", "5.0 × 10−4", "4.3", "", "", "Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 (fragment)", "ITIH4", "103.5 (45)", "6.57", "90", "2.1 × 10−5", "59", "13/23", "15"], ["38", "", "", "1.6 × 10−2", "4.8", "", "", "Protein AMBP", "AMBP", "39.9", "5.95", "94", "8.0 × 10−6", "66", "11/30", "24"], ["39", "", "", "1.5 × 10−2", "5.0", "", "", "Protein AMBP", "AMBP", "39.9", "5.95", "135", "6.4 × 10−10", "37", "13/18", "32"], ["40", "", "", "1.4 × 10−2", "5.2", "", "", "Protein AMBP", "AMBP", "39.9", "5.95", "108", "3.2 × 10−7", "91", "10/19", "18"], ["41", "5.3 × 10−3", "2.0", "", "", "", "", "Protein AMBP", "AMBP", "39.9", "5.95", "74", "7.3 × 10−4", "12", "9/17", "26"], ["42", "", "", "3.3 × 10−3", "4.0", "", "", "Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase", "PTGDS", "21.2", "7.66", "64", "7.3 × 10−3", "63", "7/15", "33"], ["43", "", "", "6.2 × 10−3", "4.0", "", "", "Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase", "PTGDS", "21.2", "7.66", "70", "2.3 × 10−3", "72", "8/25", "27"], ["44", "", "", "8.9 × 10−3", "3.3", "", "", "Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase", "PTGDS", "21.2", "7.66", "60", "1.9 × 10−2", "93", "7/26", "26"], ["45 a", "", "", "4.6 × 10−2", "1.9", "", "", "Ig kappa chain C region", "IGKC", "11.8", "5.58", "83", "1.1 × 10−4", "51", "5/10", "56"], ["46", "", "", "4.1 × 10−2", "−1.9", "", "", "Serum amyloid P-component", "APCS", "25.5", "6.1", "106", "5.1 × 10−7", "31", "10/27", "34"], ["47 a", "", "", "7.3 × 10−4", "6.9", "", "", "Vitelline membrane outer layer protein 1 homolog", "VMO1", "22.0", "4.9", "82", "1.3 × 10−4", "101", "7/24", "57"], ["48", "", "", "5.4 × 10−4", "8.2", "", "", "CD59 glycoprotein", "CD59", "14.8", "6.02", "67", "4.1 × 10−3", "17", "4/5", "21"], ["49", "", "", "4.8 × 10−2", "3.4", "", "", "Retinol-binding protein 4", "RBP4", "23.3", "5.76", "111", "1.6 × 10−7", "76", "9/11", "41"], ["50", "", "", "3.4 × 10−2", "−7.8", "", "", "Haptoglobin (fragment)", "HP", "45.9 (20)", "6.13", "71", "2.4 × 10−3", "50", "6/11", "12"], ["51", "", "", "3.8 × 10−2", "−8.9", "", "", "Haptoglobin (fragment)", "HP", "45.9 (20)", "6.13", "73", "1.1 × 10−3", "16", "6/9", "12"], ["52", "", "", "3.2 × 10−2", "−10.4", "", "", "Haptoglobin (fragment)", "HP", "45.9 (20)", "6.13", "72", "1.3 × 10−3", "49", "6/9", "14"], ["53", "2.7 × 10−2", "4.5", "3.7 × 10−3", "11.0", "", "", "Mannan-binding lectin serine protease 2 (fragment)", "MASP2", "77.2 (19.5)", "5.39", "125", "6.4 × 10−9", "104", "12/16", "18"], ["54", "", "", "1.7 × 10−2", "4.5", "", "", "Chain A, Laminin G Like Domain 3 From Human Perlecan", "HSPG2 (gi|361131590)", "20.7", "5.47", "181", "2.5 × 10−13", "55", "11/15", "73"]], "row_count": 56, "column_count": 16, "numeric_cells": 589, "header_rows": 2, "locator": "section[9]/table-wrap[1]#proteomes-06-00001-t001"}}, {"id": "asset:table:pmid:29286311:2", "role": "table", "format": "jats-table", "media_type": "application/vnd.jats.table+json", "uri": null, "sha256": "sha256:e248c23a63e291bc57a080e22c0624a37458cb7e7d4763ee943e7487dc1893c4", "bytes": 14187, "access": "open", "state": "verified", "reader": "read_table", "reader_status": "available", "identifier": "section[10]/table-wrap[1]#proteomes-06-00001-t002", "version": null, "note": "List of identified proteins with differential abundance in PCa when compared to the three groups (BPH, BC, and RC) by LC-MS/MS.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC5874760", "section_index": 10, "section_title": "3.2. LC-MS/MS Analysis", "row_count": 122, "column_count": 13}, "table": {"label": "Table 2", "caption": "List of identified proteins with differential abundance in PCa when compared to the three groups (BPH, BC, and RC) by LC-MS/MS.", "rows": [["Uniprot Accession No.", "Protein Name", "Gene Name", "Peptide Count", "Unique Peptides", "Confidence Score", "ANOVA", "Max Fold Change", "Highest Mean Condition", "Lowest Mean Condition", "Group Comparison", "p-Value a", "Ratio"], ["P08571", "Monocyte differentiation antigen", "CD14", "8", "7", "75.64", "8.87 × 10−10", "2.70", "PCa", "Bc", "PCa vs. BC", "2.71 × 10−4", "2.7"], ["", "CD14", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "4.67 × 10−3", "1.8"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. RC", "2.61 × 10−2", "1.6"], ["P62736", "Actin_ aortic smooth muscle", "ACTA2", "3", "3", "24.21", "1.75 × 10−9", "5.89", "Bc", "PCa", "PCa vs. BC", "3.40 × 10−4", "0.2"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "1.75 × 10−2", "0.4"], ["P02765", "Alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein", "AHSG", "9", "9", "94.63", "5.73 × 10−4", "2.70", "PCa", "Bc", "PCa vs. BC", "9.03 × 10−3", "2.7"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "4.14 × 10−2", "2.1"], ["P04745", "Alpha-amylase 1", "AMY1A", "9", "5", "101.49", "1.42 × 10−7", "3.46", "PCa", "Bc", "PCa vs. BC", "3.40 × 10−4", "3.5"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "4.14 × 10−2", "1.7"], ["P19961", "Alpha-amylase 2B", "AMY2B", "3", "1", "21.24", "3.52 × 10−6", "12.86", "Rc", "Bc", "PCa vs. BC", "1.25 × 10−2", "11.9"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "4.32 × 10−2", "4.1"], ["P06733", "Alpha-enolase", "ENO1", "2", "2", "14.73", "3.64 × 10−5", "1.78", "BPH", "PCa", "PCa vs. BC", "1.54 × 10−2", "0.7"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "7.97 × 10−3", "0.6"], ["P04083", "Annexin A1", "ANXA1", "5", "5", "41.02", "5.95 × 10−12", "5.45", "Rc", "Bc", "PCa vs. BC", "1.08 × 10−3", "3.8"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "1.20 × 10−2", "2.2"], ["P20160", "Azurocidin", "AZU1", "2", "2", "13.76", "7.34 × 10−5", "2.80", "BPH", "PCa", "PCa vs. BC", "3.35 × 10−2", "0.6"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "8.89 × 10−3", "0.4"], ["P10909", "Clusterin", "CLU", "10", "10", "99.24", "6.33 × 10−6", "2.26", "BPH", "PCa", "PCa vs. BC", "5.24 × 10−3", "0.6"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "2.55 × 10−2", "0.4"], ["P12109", "Collagen alpha-1(VI)", "COL6A1", "6", "4", "46.91", "2.05 × 10−7", "3.44", "BPH", "PCa", "PCa vs. BC", "7.15 × 10−4", "0.4"], ["", "chain", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "8.66 × 10−3", "0.3"], ["P39060", "Collagen alpha-1(XVIII)", "COL18A1", "2", "2", "14.39", "2.92 × 10−9", "14.26", "Rc", "Bc", "PCa vs. BC", "6.21 × 10−3", "7.1"], ["", "chain", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "2.30 × 10−2", "4.2"], ["P01024", "Complement C3", "C3", "57", "57", "545.51", "2.30 × 10−7", "3.43", "Rc", "Bc", "PCa vs. BC", "6.30 × 10−3", "2.9"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "2.77 × 10−2", "2.2"], ["P24855", "Deoxyribonuclease-1", "DNASE1", "3", "3", "23.62", "1.84 × 10−10", "4.85", "Rc", "Bc", "PCa vs. BC", "6.30 × 10−3", "3.6"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "3.55 × 10−2", "2.3"], ["O94919", "Endonuclease domain-containing 1", "ENDOD1", "3", "3", "24.51", "1.64 × 10−7", "2.97", "PCa", "Bc", "PCa vs. BC", "1.01 × 10−3", "3.0"], ["", "protein", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "4.67 × 10−3", "2.8"], ["P02671", "Fibrinogen alpha chain", "FGA", "24", "24", "293.54", "7.67 × 10−6", "2.72", "BPH", "Rc", "PCa vs. BC", "2.94 × 10−3", "0.6"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "3.15 × 10−2", "0.4"], ["P02679", "Fibrinogen gamma chain", "FGG", "20", "20", "251.65", "1.07 × 10−4", "2.32", "BPH", "Rc", "PCa vs. BC", "2.48 × 10−2", "0.5"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "4.25 × 10−2", "0.5"], ["P28799", "Granulins", "GRN", "2", "2", "18.13", "2.87 × 10−8", "3.92", "BPH", "PCa", "PCa vs. BC", "2.32 × 10−3", "0.5"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "8.89 × 10−3", "0.3"], ["P68871", "Hemoglobin subunit beta", "HBB", "10", "10", "138.23", "1.54 × 10−5", "4.62", "Bc", "PCa", "PCa vs. BC", "2.96 × 10−2", "0.2"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "1.75 × 10−2", "0.3"], ["P02790", "Hemopexin", "HPX", "16", "16", "164.63", "4.66 × 10−6", "2.44", "BPH", "PCa", "PCa vs. BC", "6.60 × 10−3", "0.6"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "1.30 × 10−2", "0.4"], ["P01857", "Ig gamma-1 chain C region", "IGHG1", "6", "6", "76.08", "6.40 × 10−4", "3.29", "BPH", "PCa", "PCa vs. BC", "6.71 × 10−3", "0.5"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "4.14 × 10−2", "0.3"], ["P05451", "Lithostathine-1-alpha", "REG1A", "5", "4", "35.95", "3.83 × 10−4", "3.96", "PCa", "BPH", "PCa vs. BC", "6.30 × 10−3", "3.8"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "1.50 × 10−2", "4.0"], ["P11117", "Lysosomal acid", "ACP2", "5", "4", "45.84", "5.59 × 10−6", "2.11", "BPH", "PCa", "PCa vs. BC", "7.15 × 10−4", "0.6"], ["", "phosphatase", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "6.07 × 10−3", "0.5"], ["P08246", "Neutrophil elastase", "ELANE", "3", "3", "39.04", "6.45 × 10−3", "3.25", "BPH", "PCa", "PCa vs. BC", "2.74 × 10−2", "0.5"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "4.99 × 10−2", "0.3"], ["P10153", "Non-secretory", "RNASE2", "4", "3", "51.80", "3.38 × 10−8", "5.21", "PCa", "Bc", "PCa vs. BC", "8.08 × 10−3", "5.2"], ["", "ribonuclease", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "2.55 × 10−2", "3.9"], ["P10451", "Osteopontin", "SPP1", "12", "11", "164.02", "1.10 × 10−11", "15.72", "Rc", "Bc", "PCa vs. BC", "2.32 × 10−3", "8.4"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "2.55 × 10−2", "2.6"], ["P04746", "Pancreatic alpha-amylase", "AMY2A", "3", "1", "27.44", "3.66 × 10−6", "5.06", "PCa", "Bc", "PCa vs. BC", "4.27 × 10−3", "5.1"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "4.32 × 10−2", "2.3"], ["P30086", "Phosphatidylethanolamine-", "PEBP1", "3", "3", "27.16", "2.93 × 10−5", "3.38", "BPH", "PCa", "PCa vs. BC", "7.15 × 10−4", "0.5"], ["", "binding protein 1", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "1.75 × 10−2", "0.3"], ["P20742", "Pregnancy zone protein", "PZP", "7", "7", "82.62", "4.09 × 10−8", "2.27", "Bc", "Rc", "PCa vs. BC", "2.32 × 10−3", "0.5"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "4.76 × 10−2", "0.7"], ["P41222", "Prostaglandin-H2", "PTGDS", "9", "7", "140.59", "4.51 × 10−11", "5.56", "PCa", "Bc", "PCa vs. BC", "3.40 × 10−4", "5.6"], ["", "D-isomerase", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "1.75 × 10−2", "1.8"], ["P06702", "Protein S100-A9", "S100A9", "3", "3", "26.61", "1.49 × 10−6", "6.46", "BPH", "PCa", "PCa vs. BC", "1.22 × 10−3", "0.5"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "5.03 × 10−2", "0.2"], ["Q8WZ75", "Roundabout homolog 4", "ROBO4", "7", "7", "55.71", "3.32 × 10−3", "2.27", "BPH", "PCa", "PCa vs. BC", "1.47 × 10−2", "0.6"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "2.96 × 10−2", "0.4"], ["Q12907", "Vesicular integral-membrane", "LMAN2", "9", "8", "94.66", "1.64 × 10−6", "2.48", "Rc", "Bc", "PCa vs. BC", "2.32 × 10−3", "2.4"], ["", "protein VIP36", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "2.55 × 10−2", "1.7"], ["Q14624", "Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy", "ITIH4", "9", "9", "94.01", "3.21 × 10−13", "5.55", "Rc", "Bc", "PCa vs. BC", "5.07 × 10−5", "3.5"], ["", "chain H4", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. BPH", "4.67 × 10−3", "1.6"], ["P63267", "Actin_ gamma-enteric", "ACTG2", "3", "3", "19.63", "4.29 × 10−2", "1.79", "PCa", "Rc", "PCa vs. BC", "1.08 × 10−3", "1.7"], ["", "smooth muscle", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. RC", "2.56 × 10−3", "1.8"], ["P07858", "Cathepsin B", "CTSB", "3", "2", "19.04", "5.87 × 10−3", "3.16", "Bc", "PCa", "PCa vs. BC", "3.10 × 10−2", "0.3"], ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "PCa vs. RC", "3.14 × 10−2", "0.4"], ["P01023", "Alpha-2-macroglobulin", "A2M", "38", "38", "491.82", "1.42 × 10−4", "2.29", "BPH", "PCa", "PCa vs. BPH", "6.07 × 10−3", "0.4"], ["P15144", "Aminopeptidase N", "ANPEP", "2", "2", "14.55", "3.31 × 10−4", "1.70", "BPH", "PCa", "PCa vs. BPH", "4.20 × 10−2", "0.6"], ["P07355", "Annexin A2", "ANXA2", "2", "2", "16.06", "9.99 × 10−5", "4.27", "Rc", "BPH", "PCa vs. BPH", "4.76 × 10−2", "4.1"], ["P06727", "Apolipoprotein A-IV", "APOA4", "3", "3", "31.32", "3.77 × 10−3", "2.28", "BPH", "PCa", "PCa vs. BPH", "5.03 × 10−2", "0.4"], ["Q8NFZ8", "Cell adhesion molecule 4", "CADM4", "8", "7", "60.30", "1.09 × 10−3", "2.26", "BPH", "PCa", "PCa vs. BPH", "3.15 × 10−2", "0.4"], ["P17900", "Ganglioside GM2 activator", "GM2A", "4", "3", "40.41", "4.80 × 10−2", "1.81", "BPH", "PCa", "PCa vs. BPH", "4.97 × 10−2", "0.6"], 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