ADAR3 expression is an independent prognostic factor in lower-grade diffuse gliomas and positively correlated with the editing level of GRIA2Q607R.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:30524204", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 7, "content_hash": "sha256:5944a781ee901d8eae664b21e42473ab81e9c06b571023b6345a585a78521751", "created_at": "2026-11-01T15:40:39Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:00:11Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "ADAR3 expression is an independent prognostic factor in lower-grade diffuse gliomas and positively correlated with the editing level of GRIA2Q607R.", "doi": "10.1186/s12935-018-0695-8", "pmid": "30524204", "authors": ["Ying Zhang", "Kuanyu Wang", "Zheng Zhao", "Si Sun", "Kenan Zhang", "Ruoyu Huang", "Fan Zeng", "Huimin Hu"], "journal": "Cancer cell international", "year": 2018, "abstract": "BACKGROUND: RNA editing by adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) converts adenosines to inosines (A-to-I) in RNA, that alters gene expression and generates protein diversity. Dysregulation of A-to-I editing has been found associated with a number of nervous system diseases. However, the role of ADAR3, a brain specific high expression adenosine deaminase, in gliomas has rarely been investigated. In this study we illuminated the clinical significance and molecular features of ADAR3 in patients with glioma.\nMETHODS: 309 glioma samples from Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas were enrolled into this study. In validation sets, 601 glioma samples in TCGA, 410 glioma samples in REMBRANDT and 258 glioma samples in GSE16011 were obtained. Relationships between ADAR3 expression and prognosis-related genomic alteration, outcome and gene ontology analysis were investigated. Moreover, the characteristic of GRIA2Q607R editing in gliomas has been investigated. Graphpad Prism 5.0, SPSS 16.0 and R language were used to perform statistical analysis and graphical work.\nRESULTS: ADAR3 expression was down regulated along with glioma grade progression in CGGA dataset. ADAR3 was characteristically highly expressed in neural subtype and IDH1/2 mutant preference. Moreover, high expression of ADAR3 predicted a better prognosis in lower-grade glioma (LGG) patients and multivariate analysis suggested ADAR3 expression was an independent prognostic indicator. The results of the three other validation datasets showed similar findings. Bioinformatics analyses suggested that ADAR3 may play a role in the malignant transformation of glioma cells by affecting cell proliferation, angiogenesis or cell adhesion. Furthermore, the editing level of GRIA2Q607R was significantly correlated with ADAR3 expression.\nCONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated the clinical and molecular characterization of ADAR3 in glioma development and progression. ADAR3 expression was negatively associated with tumor malignant in the overall glioma patients. And it was a favorable independent prognostic indicator of LGG patients. ADAR3 appeared to act as a tumor suppressor in glioma cells. Therefore, ADAR3 represented a potential therapeutic target and useful prognostic factor for glioma patients.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis including gender, age at diagnosis, WHO grade, MGMT promoter methylation, IDH1/2 mutation status, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were used to assess prognostic value of ADAR3 in glioma by using SPSS 16.0 (Armonk, NY, USA).", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:30524204", "locator": "sections[6] \"Statistical analysis\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis including gender, age at diagnosis, WHO grade, MGMT promoter methylation, IDH1/2 mutation status, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were used to assess prognostic value of ADAR3 in glioma by using SPSS 16.0 (Armonk, NY, USA)."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "All data generated and analyzed during this study are included in this published article and its additional files.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:30524204", "locator": "sections[17] \"ack\" paragraph 1", "quote": "All data generated and analyzed during this study are included in this published article and its additional files."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": null, "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:30524204"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE16011"], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE16011"], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": []}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:30524204", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-018-0695-8", "sha256": 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["Wildtype", "154", "46", "108", ""], ["MGMT"], ["Unmethylated", "111", "48", "63", "0.0462"], ["Methylated", "136", "67", "69", ""], ["NA", "62", "39", "23", ""], ["1p/19q deletion"], ["No", "220", "102", "118", "< 0.0001"], ["Yes", "36", "31", "5", ""], ["NA", "53", "21", "32", ""], ["TERT"], ["No", "158", "79", "79", "0.6426"], ["Yes", "91", "43", "48", ""], ["NA", "60", "33", "27", ""]], "row_count": 35, "column_count": 5, "numeric_cells": 92, "header_rows": 1, "locator": "section[8]/table-wrap[1]#Tab1"}}, {"id": "asset:table:pmid:30524204:2", "role": "table", "format": "jats-table", "media_type": "application/vnd.jats.table+json", "uri": null, "sha256": "sha256:fb782b5e2fe85d8ece1f716f6b1f66715a97878cbbf59f233a1a35d003cd2ed4", "bytes": 1037, "access": "open", "state": "verified", "reader": "read_table", "reader_status": "available", "identifier": "section[9]/table-wrap[1]#Tab2", "version": null, "note": "Clinic pathologic factors associated with OS in the Cox hazard regression 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patients", "row_count": 10, "column_count": 9}, "table": {"label": "Table 3", "caption": "Clinic pathologic factors associated with OS in the Cox hazard regression analysis for LGG and GBM patients from the CGGA dataset", "rows": [["Variable", "Lower-grade glioma", "Glioblastoma"], ["Univariate", "Multivariate", "Univariate", "Multivariate"], ["P value", "HR", "95% CI", "P value", "P value", "HR", "95% CI", "P value"], ["Gender", "0.783", "", "", "", "0.355", "", "", ""], ["Age at diagnosis", "< 0.001", "1.023", "0.992–1.054", "0.143", "0.569", "", "", ""], ["ADAR3 expression", "< 0.001", "0.419", "0.289–0.608", "< 0.001", "0.035", "0.804", "0.556–1.163", "0.247"], ["MGMT promoter methylation", "0.225", "", "", "", "0.010", "0.551", "0.342–0.886", "0.014"], ["IDH1/2 mutation status", "< 0.001", "0.595", "0.290–1.221", "0.157", "0.089", "", "", ""], ["Radiotherapy", "0.056", "", "", "", "< 0.001", "0.447", "0.273–0.733", "0.001"], ["Chemotherapy", "0.002", "1.397", "0.705–2.770", "0.338", "< 0.001", "0.441", "0.271–0.717", "< 0.001"]], "row_count": 10, "column_count": 9, "numeric_cells": 41, "header_rows": 3, "locator": "section[9]/table-wrap[2]#Tab3"}}], "gaps": ["asset:data:geo:GSE16011 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE16011 licence not read"]}, "analysis": {"state": "partial", "methods": [{"id": "method-1", "family": "survival_analysis", "specific": "cox_proportional_hazards", "label": "Survival analysis", "dsl_operations": ["cox_ph"], "missing_operations": [], "expressible": true, "parameters": {}, "data_shapes": ["time_to_event_with_censoring"], "evidence": {"score": 1.0, "band": "verbatim", "quote": "Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis including gender, age at diagnosis, WHO grade, MGMT promoter methylation, IDH1/2 mutation status, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were used to assess prognostic value of ADAR3 in glioma by using SPSS 16.0 (Armonk, NY, USA)."}}, {"id": "method-2", "family": "group_comparison", "specific": "anova", "label": "Group comparison", "dsl_operations": ["group_summary", "welch_t", "bootstrap_mean_difference", "group_comparison_anova"], "missing_operations": [], "expressible": true, "parameters": {}, "data_shapes": ["two_or_more_groups_continuous"], "evidence": {"score": 0.8, "band": "high", "quote": "ANOVA"}}, {"id": "method-3", "family": "survival_analysis", "specific": "log_rank_test", "label": "Survival analysis", "dsl_operations": ["logrank_test"], "missing_operations": [], "expressible": true, "parameters": {}, "data_shapes": ["time_to_event_with_censoring"], "evidence": {"score": 0.8, "band": "high", "quote": "log-rank"}}, {"id": "method-4", "family": "correlation_analysis", "specific": "pearson", "label": "Correlation analysis", "dsl_operations": ["pearson_r"], "missing_operations": [], "expressible": true, "parameters": {}, "data_shapes": ["paired_numeric_columns"], "evidence": {"score": 0.8, "band": "high", "quote": "Pearson correlation"}}], "targets": [], "gaps": 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The physical bench the paper used is not, so a physical validation cannot be run here."}, "data": {"tier": "R1", "reachable": true, "accessions": ["GSE16011"], "resolved_accessions": ["GSE16011"], "statements": ["All data generated and analyzed during this study are included in this published article and its additional files."], "basis": "The paper names GSE16011 in GSE16011 microarray database and the accession resolves in the repository. 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GO and KEGG pathway analysis were", "ier survival analyses were performed in CGGA RNAseq, TCGA RNAseq, GSE16011 and REMBRANDT dataset", "ditional file 3: Figure S3B). Except to CGGA RNAseq dataset (Log-rank test, P = 0.0318, Fig. 3c)", "19q status based on ADAR3 expression in CGGA RNAseq dataset. a–c Comparison of the OS between hi"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:3972", "id": "assay:1"}, {"role": "analysis", "definition_id": "survival_analysis", "definition_version": "f2132e96ae6c7a4e", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": ["cox_ph"], "support_state": "supported", "source_hashes": {"dsl_catalogue": "f2132e96ae6c7a4e"}, "confidence": 1.0, "evidence": ["Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis including gender, age at diagnosis, WHO grade, MGMT promoter methylation, IDH1/2 mutation status, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were used to assess prognostic value of ADAR3 in glioma by using SPSS 16.0 (Armonk, NY, USA)."], "order_basis": "consumes_earlier_output", "id": "assay:2"}]}