Deciphering the mechanism of Indirubin and its derivatives in the inhibition of Imatinib resistance using a "drug target prediction-gene microarray analysis-protein network construction" strategy.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:30909944", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 4, "content_hash": "sha256:f35c6b04c6b4960be836930e1767689b6b46804ce00512027542305ad70eb5b1", "created_at": "2026-11-01T15:40:43Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T21:22:05Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Deciphering the mechanism of Indirubin and its derivatives in the inhibition of Imatinib resistance using a \"drug target prediction-gene microarray analysis-protein network construction\" strategy.", "doi": "10.1186/s12906-019-2471-2", "pmid": "30909944", "authors": ["Huayao Li", "Lijuan Liu", "Jing Zhuang", "Cun Liu", "Chao Zhou", "Jing Yang", "Chundi Gao", "Gongxi Liu", "Changgang Sun"], "journal": "BMC complementary and alternative medicine", "year": 2019, "abstract": "BACKGROUND: The introduction of imatinib revolutionized the treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), substantially extending patient survival. However, imatinib resistance is currently a clinical problem for CML. It is very importantto find a strategy to inhibit imatinib resistance.\nMETHODS: (1) We Identified indirubin and its derivatives and predicted its putative targets; (2) We downloaded data of the gene chip GSE2810 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and performed GEO2R analysis to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs); and (3) we constructed a P-P network of putative targets and DEGs to explore the mechanisms of action and to verify the results of molecular docking.\nRESULT: We Identified a total of 42 small-molecule compounds, of which 15 affected 11 putative targets, indicating the potential to inhibit imatinib resistance; the results of molecular docking verified these results. Six biomarkers of imatinib resistance were characterised by analysing DEGs.\nCONCLUSION: The 15 small molecule compounds inhibited imatinib resistance through the cytokine-cytokine receptor signalling pathway, the JAK-stat pathway, and the NF-KB signalling pathway. 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