Sp1 contributes to overexpression of stanniocalcin 2 through regulation of promoter activity in colon adenocarcinoma.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:31236000", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 7, "content_hash": "sha256:55bd62aa6c87d4f5c90533be796ce30284a37514e11d197d302379ae6e2b5391", "created_at": "2026-11-01T15:40:46Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:00:38Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Sp1 contributes to overexpression of stanniocalcin 2 through regulation of promoter activity in colon adenocarcinoma.", "doi": "10.3748/wjg.v25.i22.2776", "pmid": "31236000", "authors": ["Ji-Bin Li", "Zhe-Xian Liu", "Rui Zhang", "Si-Ping Ma", "Tao Lin", "Yan-Xi Li", "Shi-Hua Yang", "Wan-Chuan Zhang", "Yong-Peng Wang"], "journal": "World journal of gastroenterology", "year": 2019, "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Aberrant expression of stanniocalcin 2 (STC2) is implicated in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). A previous study identified that STC2 functions as a tumor promoter to drive development of some cancers, but the role of its overexpression in the development of COAD remains unclear.\nAIM: To evaluate the regulation mechanism of STC2 overexpression in COAD.\nMETHODS: The expression of STC2 in COAD was assessed by TCGA COAD database and GEO (GSE50760). Methylation level of the STC2 promoter was evaluated with beta value in UALCAN platform, and the correlation between STC2 expression and survival rate was investigated with TCGA COAD. Transcription binding site prediction was conducted by TRANSFAC and LASAGNA, and a luciferase reporter system was used to identify STC2 promoter activity in several cell lines, including HEK293T, NCM460, HT29, SW480, and HCT116. Western blotting was performed to evaluate the role of Sp1 on the expression of STC2.\nRESULTS: The central finding of this work is that STC2 is overexpressed in COAD tissues and positively correlated with poor prognosis. Importantly, the binding site of the transcription factor Sp1 is widely located in the promoter region of STC2. A luciferase reporter system was successfully constructed to analyze the transcription activity of STC2, and knocking down the expression of Sp1 significantly inhibited the transcription activity of STC2. Furthermore, inhibition of Sp1 remarkably decreased protein levels of STC2.\nCONCLUSION: Our data provide evidence that the transcription factor Sp1 is essential for the overexpression of STC2 in COAD through activation of promoter activity. Taken together, our finding provides new insights into the mechanism of oncogenic function of COAD by STC2.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "Statistics analysis was performed by Graphpad 7.0 software (La Jolla, CA, United States) using a two-tailed student's t test.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:31236000", "locator": "sections[12] \"Statistical analysis\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Statistics analysis was performed by Graphpad 7.0 software (La Jolla, CA, United States) using a two-tailed student's t test."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "No additional data are available.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:31236000", "locator": "sections[29] \"fn-group\" paragraph 1", "quote": "No additional data are available."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "partial", "objective": null, "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:31236000"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. 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the checksum covers the rendered section body, not the original XML bytes.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC6580349", "source": "europe_pmc_fulltext", "coverage": "whole_body_without_references", "text_hash_scope": "rendered_section_body"}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE50760", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE50760", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE50760", "version": null, "note": "No additional data are available.", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "No additional data are available.", "access_statement_kind": "data_availability_statement", "sample_accessions": ["GSM1228184", "GSM1228185", "GSM1228186", "GSM1228187", "GSM1228188", "GSM1228189", "GSM1228190", "GSM1228191", "GSM1228192", "GSM1228193", "GSM1228194", "GSM1228195", "GSM1228196", "GSM1228197", "GSM1228198", "GSM1228199", "GSM1228200", "GSM1228201", "GSM1228202", "GSM1228203", "GSM1228204", "GSM1228205", "GSM1228206", "GSM1228207", "GSM1228208", "GSM1228209", "GSM1228210", "GSM1228211", "GSM1228212", "GSM1228213", "GSM1228214", "GSM1228215", "GSM1228216", "GSM1228217", "GSM1228218", "GSM1228219", "GSM1228220", "GSM1228221", "GSM1228222", "GSM1228223", "GSM1228224", "GSM1228225", "GSM1228226", "GSM1228227", "GSM1228228", "GSM1228229", "GSM1228230", "GSM1228231", "GSM1228232", "GSM1228233", "GSM1228234", "GSM1228235", "GSM1228236", "GSM1228237"], "sample_count": 54, "group_sizes": null, "group_sizes_basis": null, "platform": "11154", "taxon": "Homo sapiens", "title": "Gene expression profiling study by RNA-seq in colorectal cancer", "resolution_checked_at": "2026-11-01T15:39:54Z", "resolution_check": "identifier_resolution_only_no_download_no_licence_read", "downloaded": false, "licence_read": false}}], "gaps": ["asset:data:geo:GSE50760 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE50760 licence not read"]}, "analysis": {"state": "partial", "methods": [{"id": "method-1", "family": "group_comparison", "specific": "student_t_test", "label": "Group comparison", "dsl_operations": [], "missing_operations": ["student_t"], "expressible": false, "parameters": {}, "data_shapes": ["two_or_more_groups_continuous"], "evidence": {"score": 1.0, "band": "verbatim", "quote": "Statistics analysis was performed by Graphpad 7.0 software (La Jolla, CA, United States) using a two-tailed student's t test."}}, {"id": "method-2", "family": "survival_analysis", "specific": "kaplan_meier", "label": "Survival analysis", "dsl_operations": ["survival_km"], "missing_operations": [], "expressible": true, "parameters": {}, "data_shapes": ["time_to_event_with_censoring"], "evidence": {"score": 0.8, "band": "high", "quote": "Kaplan Meier"}}], "targets": [], "gaps": ["method.student_t"]}, "capability": {"state": "complete", "requirements": [{"capability_id": "capability:computational_analysis", "label": "Computational analysis platform", "assay_families": ["meta_analysis", "machine_learning", "survival_analysis", "statistical_regression", "pca", "molecular_docking", "network_analysis", "differential_expression", "gwas"], "availability_state": "owned", "tier_unlocked": "R1", "candidate": "Automated Assays Laravel application and simulated adapters"}], "gaps": []}, "readiness": {"state": "complete", "tier": "R1", "blocking_axis": "none", "blocked_on": "nothing:replicable_now", "axes": {"method": {"tier": "R1", "expressible": false, "required_operations": [], "missing_operations": ["student_t"], "basis": "The paper names the method it used and the corpus's method extractor maps it onto the DSL catalogue: student_t_test."}, "capability": {"tier": "R1", "capability_id": "capability:computational_analysis", "availability_state": "owned", "basis": "The computational analysis is owned. 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