The olfactory secretome varies according to season in female sheep and goat.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:31666027", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 7, "content_hash": "sha256:54f537287807250714082a27dcdf3aa3f105e2bdc6b1a62a3d7df1ea023345ba", "created_at": "2026-11-01T15:40:51Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:00:57Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "The olfactory secretome varies according to season in female sheep and goat.", "doi": "10.1186/s12864-019-6194-z", "pmid": "31666027", "authors": ["Paul Cann", "Malika Chabi", "Aliénor Delsart", "Chrystelle Le Danvic", "Jean-Michel Saliou", "Manon Chasles", "Matthieu Keller", "Patricia Nagnan-Le Meillour"], "journal": "BMC genomics", "year": 2019, "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Small ungulates (sheep and goat) display a seasonal breeding, characterised by two successive periods, sexual activity (SA) and sexual rest (SR). Odours emitted by a sexually active male can reactivate the ovulatory cycle of anoestrus females. The plasticity of the olfactory system under these hormonal changes has never been explored at the peripheral level of odours reception. As it was shown in pig that the olfactory secretome (proteins secreted in the nasal mucus) could be modified under hormonal control, we monitored its composition in females of both species through several reproductive seasons, thanks to a non-invasive sampling of olfactory mucus. For this purpose, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-E), western-blot with specific antibodies, MALDI-TOF and high-resolution (nano-LC-MS/MS) mass spectrometry, RACE-PCR and molecular modelling were used.\nRESULTS: In both species the olfactory secretome is composed of isoforms of OBP-like proteins, generated by post-translational modifications, as phosphorylation, N-glycosylation and O-GlcNAcylation. Important changes were observed in the olfactory secretome between the sexual rest and the sexual activity periods, characterised in ewe by the specific expression of SAL-like proteins and the emergence of OBPs O-GlcNAcylation. In goat, the differences between SA and SR did not come from new proteins expression, but from different post-translational modifications, the main difference between the SA and SR secretome being the number of isoforms of each protein. Proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD014833.\nCONCLUSION: Despite common behaviour, seasonal breeding, and genetic resources, the two species seem to adapt their olfactory equipment in SA by different modalities: the variation of olfactory secretome in ewe could correspond to a specialization to detect male odours only in SA, whereas in goat the stability of the olfactory secretome could indicate a constant capacity of odours detection suggesting that the hallmark of SA in goat might be the emission of specific odours by the sexually active male. In both species, the olfactory secretome is a phenotype reflecting the physiological status of females, and could be used by breeders to monitor their receptivity to the male effect.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "The evolutionary history was inferred by using the Maximum Likelihood method based on the Tamura-Nei model [49].", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:31666027", "locator": "sections[32] \"Molecular phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood method\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The evolutionary history was inferred by using the Maximum Likelihood method based on the Tamura-Nei model [49]."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The full-length sequences of Chir-OBP2, Chir-OBP4, Oari-OBP2, and Oari-OBP4 were deposited in GenBank database with accession numbers: MK908982, MK908983, MK908984 and MK908985, respectively.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:31666027", "locator": "sections[41] \"notes\" paragraph 1", "quote": "The full-length sequences of Chir-OBP2, Chir-OBP4, Oari-OBP2, and Oari-OBP4 were deposited in GenBank database with accession numbers: MK908982, MK908983, MK908984 and MK908985, respectively."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "partial", "objective": null, "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:31666027"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "blocked", "blocked_on": "data:accession_absent", "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": [], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": [], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": ["step:obtain_source_data blocked on data:accession_absent"]}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:31666027", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-019-6194-z", "sha256": "sha256:4c6fa68f9cfe13496597642171512f4f34c0fb74dd4803de887ebd11d9c602ac", "bytes": 68017, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "10.1186/s12864-019-6194-z", "version": null, "note": "Full article fetched from PMC; the checksum covers the rendered section body, not the original XML bytes.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC6822404", "source": "europe_pmc_fulltext", "coverage": "whole_body_without_references", "text_hash_scope": "rendered_section_body"}}, {"id": "asset:table:pmid:31666027:1", "role": "table", "format": "jats-table", "media_type": "application/vnd.jats.table+json", "uri": null, "sha256": "sha256:129c6b4c76b43b4189413ad3e5a877bf72f2bb17d7e2c91c070e90ff301f3a49", "bytes": 1175, "access": "open", "state": "verified", "reader": "read_table", "reader_status": "available", "identifier": "section[5]/table-wrap[1]#Tab1", "version": null, "note": "Proteins identified in spots from SR and SA 2D-E gels of ewes", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC6822404", "section_index": 5, "section_title": "Olfactory secretome of ewes", "row_count": 9, "column_count": 7}, "table": {"label": "Table 1", "caption": "Proteins identified in spots from SR and SA 2D-E gels of ewes", "rows": [["Protein name Accession number UniProt KB", "Ewe 30,118 (Fig. 1a, b)", "Ewe 30,094 (Additional file 1: Figure S2a, S2b)", "Ewe 30,056 (Additional file 1: Figure S2c, S2d)"], ["SRa", "SAa", "SRa", "SAa", "SR¤", "SA¤"], ["Protein found in spot n°"], ["Oari-OBP1 W5PHM2", "Not found", "25", "45", "Not found", "Not found", "88 to 90, 92 & 93"], ["Oari-OBP2 W5PGN0", "1 to 4, 8 to 10", "11, 15, 17, 18 & 24 to 29", "35 to 38 & 45 to 48", "49 to 51, 53 to 56, 58 to 68, 70 & 71", "72, 73 & 76 to 83", "84 to 86, 89 & 93 to 103"], ["Oari-OBP3 W5PGW3", "Not found", "18 to 21", "Not found", "60", "72, 78 & 81 to 83", "87, 88, 95, 98, 99 & 101"], ["Oari-OBP4 W5PHS2", "1, 8 & 9", "11, 12, 15, 17, 18 & 24 to 28", "35, 45 & 46", "51, 55, 56, 58, 61 to 68 & 71", "72 to 83", "93, 98 to 100"], ["Oari-SAL1/2 W5P8W4 / W5P8Y1", "Not found", "11 to 15", "Not found", "49 to 53, 55, 56, 58 & 60", "75 & 81", "84 to 89, 91 & 99"], ["Oari-VEG1 W5NUS5", "Not found", "Not found", "Not found", "69 & 70", "Not found", "Not found"]], "row_count": 9, "column_count": 7, "numeric_cells": 28, "header_rows": 2, "locator": "section[5]/table-wrap[1]#Tab1"}}, {"id": "asset:table:pmid:31666027:2", "role": "table", "format": "jats-table", "media_type": "application/vnd.jats.table+json", "uri": null, "sha256": "sha256:21b4d222423b76db9186e74f0f24dd5b5b532f1fc1783e18a247990c11cc7e49", "bytes": 1816, "access": "open", "state": "verified", "reader": "read_table", "reader_status": "available", "identifier": "section[5]/table-wrap[2]#Tab2", "version": null, "note": "Proteins identified in spots from SR and SA 2D-E gels of goats", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC6822404", "section_index": 5, "section_title": "Olfactory secretome of ewes", "row_count": 13, "column_count": 7}, "table": {"label": "Table 2", "caption": "Proteins identified in spots from SR and SA 2D-E gels of goats", "rows": [["Protein name Accession number GenPept", "Goat 30,363 (Fig. 1c, d)", "Goat 30,422 (Additional file 1: Figure S3a, S3b)", "Goat 30,432 (Additional file 1: Figure S3c, S3d)"], ["SRa", "SA¤", "SR¤", "SA¤", "SRa", "SAa"], ["Protein found in spot n°"], ["Chir-OBP1 XP_017899536.1", "Not found", "Not found", "Not found", "Not found", "85", "124, 129 & 144"], ["Chir-OBP2 XP_017899208.1", "1, 2, 5 to 15, 17, 20, 22, 24 & 25", "27 to 29, 31 to 43 & 45", "46 to 64, 66 to 70 & 73", "74 to 82", "83 to 105", "108, 109, 121, 122, 124, 126 to 134, 136, 137, 139, 140 & 142 to 145"], ["Chir-OBP3 XP_005701296.1", "Not found", "30 to 32", "47 to 49, 51 to 54, 57, 59, 62, 66 & 67", "75, 76 & 80", "Not found", "127"], ["Chir-OBP4 XP_017899515.1", "1 to 3, 5 to 15 & 17 to 19", "31 to 35, 38, 40, 41 & 45", "46 to 48, 51 to 63, 65 & 73", "76 & 78", "83 to 95 & 97 to 104", "108 to 114, 117 to 119, 122 to 124, 127 to 134, 136 to 138, 140, 142, 144 & 145"], ["Chir-OBP5 XP_017899538.1", "Not found", "28, 30 & 32", "46, 47, 50, 52 to 56, 59, 60, 64, 68, 70 & 71", "76, 78 & 79", "86", "121 & 122"], ["Chir-OBP6 XP_017900101.1", "1", "28 to 31, 36, 37 & 45", "47, 49 & 72", "74 & 76 to 78", "86", "Not found"], ["Chir-SAL1/2 XP_017908099/8.1", "2", "31, 32, 35, 41, 43 & 44", "46 to 48, 50 to 57, 59 to 67, 69, 71 & 72", "74, 77, 78 & 80 to 82", "87 & 90", "Not found"], ["Chir-VEG1 XP_005687416.1", "10", "30 & 34", "54, 55 & 63", "Not found", "Not found", "Not found"], ["Chir-VEG2 XP_017911671.1", "11", "32, 35 & 39 to 43", "46 to 67, 69, 71 & 73", "78 & 80 to 82", "97 to 100", "134"], ["Chir-VEG3 XP_017910286.1", "Not found", "32 & 38", "Not found", "74 & 77", "Not found", "Not found"]], "row_count": 13, "column_count": 7, "numeric_cells": 57, "header_rows": 2, "locator": "section[5]/table-wrap[2]#Tab2"}}, {"id": "asset:table:pmid:31666027:3", "role": "table", "format": "jats-table", "media_type": "application/vnd.jats.table+json", "uri": null, "sha256": "sha256:c91f4ecb767315133bf0647b4abbcd6a94d6bb41add6dc85b97fd2e3ee4d9203", "bytes": 567, "access": "open", "state": "verified", "reader": "read_table", "reader_status": "available", "identifier": "section[26]/table-wrap[1]#Tab3", "version": null, "note": "Olfactory-binding protein sequences used in Blast searches for predicted ovine and caprine sequences", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC6822404", "section_index": 26, "section_title": "In silico search for O. aries and C. hircus OBP sequences", "row_count": 7, "column_count": 3}, "table": {"label": "Table 3", "caption": "Olfactory-binding protein sequences used in Blast searches for predicted ovine and caprine sequences", "rows": [["", "Uniprot accession #for sheep OBP search", "GenBank accession #for goat OBP search"], ["Porcine OBP", "P81245", "NM_213796.1"], ["Bovine OBP", "P07435", "XM_002700469.6"], ["Porcine VEG", "P53715", "NM_213856.2"], ["Rat VEG", "P20289", "NM_022945"], ["Human VEG", "P31025", "NM_001252617"], ["Porcine SAL", "P81608", "NM_213814.2"]], "row_count": 7, "column_count": 3, "numeric_cells": 12, "header_rows": 1, "locator": "section[26]/table-wrap[1]#Tab3"}}], "gaps": []}, "analysis": {"state": "partial", "methods": [{"id": "method-1", "family": "sequence_alignment", "specific": "blast", "label": "Sequence alignment / homology", "dsl_operations": ["sequence_align", "alignment_identity"], "missing_operations": [], "expressible": true, "parameters": {}, "data_shapes": ["sequence_records"], "evidence": {"score": 0.8, "band": "high", "quote": "Blast"}}, {"id": "method-2", "family": null, "specific": null, "label": "Maximum Likelihood method", "dsl_operations": [], "missing_operations": [], "expressible": null, "parameters": {}, "data_shapes": [], "evidence": {"score": 1.0, "band": "verbatim", "quote": "The evolutionary history was inferred by using the Maximum Likelihood method based on the Tamura-Nei model [49]."}}], "targets": [], "gaps": ["method.reader_named_unmapped"]}, "capability": {"state": "complete", "requirements": [{"capability_id": "capability:computational_analysis", "label": "Computational analysis platform", "assay_families": ["meta_analysis", "machine_learning", "survival_analysis", "statistical_regression", "pca", "molecular_docking", "network_analysis", "differential_expression", "gwas"], "availability_state": "owned", "tier_unlocked": "R1", "candidate": "Automated Assays Laravel application and simulated adapters"}], "gaps": []}, "readiness": {"state": "blocked", "tier": "R4", "blocking_axis": "data", "blocked_on": "data:accession_absent", "axes": {"method": {"tier": "R1", "expressible": true, "required_operations": ["sequence_align", "alignment_identity"], "missing_operations": [], "basis": "The paper names the method it used and the corpus's method extractor maps it onto the DSL catalogue: blast."}, "capability": {"tier": "R1", "capability_id": "capability:computational_analysis", "availability_state": "owned", "basis": "The computational analysis is owned. The physical bench the paper used is not, so a physical validation cannot be run here."}, "data": {"tier": "R4", "reachable": false, "accessions": [], "resolved_accessions": [], "statements": ["The full-length sequences of Chir-OBP2, Chir-OBP4, Oari-OBP2, and Oari-OBP4 were deposited in GenBank database with accession numbers: MK908982, MK908983, MK908984 and MK908985, respectively."], "basis": "The paper names no accession to its source data, so the data has to come from the authors."}}, "can_run": {"dsl_operations": ["sequence_align", "alignment_identity"], "assets": ["source:pmid:31666027", "asset:table:pmid:31666027:1", "asset:table:pmid:31666027:2", "asset:table:pmid:31666027:3"], "steps": ["run_analysis"]}, "must_build": {"dsl_operations": [], "converters": [], "readers": [], "capabilities": [], "data_gaps": ["data:geo:None"]}, "gaps": ["data:accession_absent"]}, "review": {"state": "partial", "machine_critique": {"kind": "extraction_review", "reader": {"model": "MiniMax-M3.1-Flash", "provider": "minimax", "provider_family": "minimax", "read_at": "2026-10-31T18:51:28Z", "independence": "single_reader"}, "evidence_check": {"method": "verbatim", "availability": null}, "calls": 3, "usage": {"prompt_tokens": 57064, "completion_tokens": 3367, "cached_tokens": 784}}, "human_critique": null, "stages": [{"id": "extraction", "state": "complete", "reader": "MiniMax-M3.1-Flash", "provider": "minimax"}], "gaps": ["review.independent_reader", "review.machine_critique", "review.human_critique"]}, "execution": {"state": "absent", "status": "not_run", "mode": null, "runs": [], "gaps": ["execution.not_run"]}, "provenance": {"entities": [{"id": "pmid:31666027", "type": "paper", "label": "pmid:31666027"}, {"id": "source:pmid:31666027", "type": "manuscript", "label": "PMID 31666027 full text"}, {"id": "data:geo:None", "type": "dataset", "label": "GEO None"}], "activities": [{"id": "activity-reading-sci-2026-11-01", "type": "classification", "used": [{"id": "pmid:31666027", "type": "paper", "label": "pmid:31666027"}, {"id": "source:pmid:31666027", "type": "manuscript", "label": "PMID 31666027 full text"}, {"id": "data:geo:None", "type": "dataset", "label": "GEO None"}], "agent": "agent:corpus-assay-engine"}, {"id": "activity-read-31666027", "type": "extraction", "used": ["source:pmid:31666027"], "agent": "agent:minimax-reader"}, {"id": "activity-resolve-None", "type": "accession_resolution", "used": ["data:geo:None"], "agent": "agent:corpus-assay-engine"}], "agents": [{"id": "agent:corpus-assay-engine", "type": "software", "label": "Corpus assay engine"}, {"id": "agent:minimax-reader", "type": "software", "label": "MiniMax literature reader"}], "source_run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01", "dsl_catalogue_fingerprint": "343fb30756ba6ec3", "capability_table_fingerprint": "2cb3e42f047d2ecf", "snapshot_id": "ba34b49490d9bfaf"}, "lineage": {"parent_id": "pmid:31666027", "parent_hash": "sha256:5177e3d7034f02b193b81e2aabe7e2e3acd57f8e7f449c48c418630011670055", "fork_of": null, "generation": 6}, "gaps": ["execution.not_run", "method.reader_named_unmapped", "review.human_critique", "review.independent_reader", "review.machine_critique", "step:obtain_source_data blocked on data:accession_absent"], "assays": [{"role": "data_generation", "definition_id": "mass_spectrometry", "definition_version": "99e1195c7d6f", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "partial", "source_hashes": {"assay_lexicon": "99e1195c7d6f"}, "confidence": 0.99, "evidence": ["ALDI-TOF and high-resolution (nano-LC-MS/MS) mass spectrometry, RACE-PCR and molecular modelling were used.", "ibodies, MALDI-TOF and high-resolution (nano-LC-MS/MS) mass spectrometry, RACE-PCR and molecular m", "eing the number of isoforms of each protein. Proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:843", "id": "assay:1"}, {"role": "analysis", "definition_id": "sequence_alignment", "definition_version": "f2132e96ae6c7a4e", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": ["sequence_align", "alignment_identity"], "support_state": "supported", "source_hashes": {"dsl_catalogue": "f2132e96ae6c7a4e"}, "confidence": 0.8, "evidence": ["Blast"], "order_basis": "consumes_earlier_output", "id": "assay:2"}]}