Stearoyl CoA desaturase is a gatekeeper that protects human beta cells against lipotoxicity and maintains their identity.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:31796987", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 8, "content_hash": "sha256:c7f793240c1af02467cdbee88ab2247d371195738b959f5a9390cccdc21f6e31", "created_at": "2026-11-01T15:40:52Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:44:22Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Stearoyl CoA desaturase is a gatekeeper that protects human beta cells against lipotoxicity and maintains their identity.", "doi": "10.1007/s00125-019-05046-x", "pmid": "31796987", "authors": ["Masaya Oshima", "Séverine Pechberty", "Lara Bellini", "Sven O Göpel", "Mélanie Campana", "Claude Rouch", "Julien Dairou", "Cristina Cosentino", "Federica Fantuzzi", "Sanna Toivonen", "Piero Marchetti", "Christophe Magnan", "Miriam Cnop", "Hervé Le Stunff", "Raphaël Scharfmann"], "journal": "Diabetologia", "year": 2020, "abstract": "AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: During the onset of type 2 diabetes, excessive dietary intake of saturated NEFA and fructose lead to impaired insulin production and secretion by insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. The majority of data on the deleterious effects of lipids on functional beta cell mass were obtained either in vivo in rodent models or in vitro using rodent islets and beta cell lines. Translating data from rodent to human beta cells remains challenging. Here, we used the human beta cell line EndoC-βH1 and analysed its sensitivity to a lipotoxic and glucolipotoxic (high palmitate with or without high glucose) insult, as a way to model human beta cells in a type 2 diabetes environment.\nMETHODS: EndoC-βH1 cells were exposed to palmitate after knockdown of genes related to saturated NEFA metabolism. We analysed whether and how palmitate induces apoptosis, stress and inflammation and modulates beta cell identity.\nRESULTS: EndoC-βH1 cells were insensitive to the deleterious effects of saturated NEFA (palmitate and stearate) unless stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD) was silenced. SCD was abundantly expressed in EndoC-βH1 cells, as well as in human islets and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived beta cells. SCD silencing induced markers of inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress and also IAPP mRNA. Treatment with the SCD products oleate or palmitoleate reversed inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Upon SCD knockdown, palmitate induced expression of dedifferentiation markers such as SOX9, MYC and HES1. Interestingly, SCD knockdown by itself disrupted beta cell identity with a decrease in mature beta cell markers INS, MAFA and SLC30A8 and decreased insulin content and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.\nCONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: The present study delineates an important role for SCD in the protection against lipotoxicity and in the maintenance of human beta cell identity.\nDATA AVAILABILITY: Microarray data and all experimental details that support the findings of this study have been deposited in in the GEO database with the GSE130208 accession code.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "Results were analysed by one-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey testing for multiple conditions or by t test if only two conditions were being tested (two-tailed).", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:31796987", "locator": "sections[12] \"Statistical analyses\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Results were analysed by one-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey testing for multiple conditions or by t test if only two conditions were being tested (two-tailed)."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "Microarray data and all experimental details that support the findings of this study have been deposited in in the GEO database with the GSE130208 accession code.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:31796987", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 5", "quote": "Microarray data and all experimental details that support the findings of this study have been deposited in in the GEO database with the GSE130208 accession code."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": null, "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:31796987"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. 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with the GSE130208 accession code.", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "Microarray data and all experimental details that support the findings of this study have been deposited in in the GEO database with the GSE130208 accession code.", "access_statement_kind": "data_availability_statement", "sample_accessions": ["GSM3733848", "GSM3733849", "GSM3733850", "GSM3733851", "GSM3733852", "GSM3733853"], "sample_count": 6, "group_sizes": null, "group_sizes_basis": null, "platform": "26070", "taxon": "Homo sapiens", "title": "The Stearyl CoA desaturase is a gatekeeper that protects human ß cells against lipotoxicity and maintains their identity", "resolution_checked_at": "2026-11-01T15:39:54Z", "resolution_check": "identifier_resolution_only_no_download_no_licence_read", "downloaded": false, "licence_read": false}}, {"id": "asset:table:pmid:31796987:1", "role": "table", "format": "jats-table", "media_type": "application/vnd.jats.table+json", "uri": null, "sha256": "sha256:06797de149d5ce158a86a78f072679f0e9974ac8c4d08e4bad5a53e7731e9d47", "bytes": 943, "access": "open", "state": "verified", "reader": "read_table", "reader_status": "available", "identifier": "section[19]/table-wrap[1]#Tab1", "version": null, "note": "Lipid content in whole EndoC-βH1 cell lysates following siCTRL or siSCD transfection", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC6946759", "section_index": 19, "section_title": "Induction of inflammation and ER stress in βH1-SCDKD cells is reduced by oleate and palmitoleate treatment", "row_count": 13, "column_count": 3}, "table": {"label": "Table 1", "caption": "Lipid content in whole EndoC-βH1 cell lysates following siCTRL or siSCD transfection", "rows": [["Fatty acids (μg/106 cells)", "EndoCβH1-siCTRL", "βH1-SCDKD"], ["Palmitate", "3.084 ± 0.156", "2.788 ± 0.110"], ["Palmitoleate", "2.088 ± 0.184", "2.236 ± 0.146"], ["Stearate", "1.351 ± 0.069", "1.522 ± 0.036"], ["Oleate", "5.766 ± 0.209", "3.703 ± 0.006***"], ["Linoleate", "0.411 ± 0.018", "0.331 ± 0.001*"], ["α-Linolenate", "0.106 ± 0.041", "0.168 ± 0.022"], ["Arachidonic acid", "0.095 ± 0.002", "0.189 ± 0.027*"], ["Eicosapentaenoic acid", "0.076 ± 0.053", "0.124 ± 0.008"], ["Docosapentaenoic", "0.027 ± 0.002", "0.090 ± 0.044"], ["Docosahexaenoic acid", "3.682 ± 0.179", "3.500 ± 0.528"], ["Palmitoleate/palmitate", "0.675 ± 0.030", "0.801 ± 0.029"], ["Oleate/stearate", "4.275 ± 0.089", "2.436 ± 0.055***"]], "row_count": 13, "column_count": 3, "numeric_cells": 25, "header_rows": 1, "locator": "section[19]/table-wrap[1]#Tab1"}}], "gaps": ["asset:data:geo:GSE130208 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE130208 licence not read"]}, "analysis": {"state": "complete", "methods": [{"id": "method-1", "family": "group_comparison", "specific": "anova", "label": "Group comparison", "dsl_operations": ["group_summary", "welch_t", "bootstrap_mean_difference", "group_comparison_anova"], "missing_operations": [], "expressible": 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