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pmid:31981472
Common and distinct features of potentially predictive biomarkers in small cell lung carcinoma and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung by systematic and integrated analysis.
Shenghua Dong · Jun Liang · Wenxin Zhai · Zhuang Yu
Molecular genetics & genomic medicine · 2020 doi:10.1002/mgg3.1126
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Experiment
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Complete file
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However, the underlying mechanisms of common and distinct genetic characteristics between LCNEC and SCLC are currently unclear. Herein, protein expression profiles and possible interactions with miRNAs were provided by integrated bioinformatics analysis, in order to explore core genes associated with tumorigenesis and prognosis in SCLC and LCNEC.\nMETHODS: GSE1037 gene expression profiles were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in LCNEC and SCLC, as compared with normal lung tissues, were selected using the GEO2R online analyzer and Venn diagram software. Gene ontology (GO) analysis was performed using Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. The biological pathway analysis was performed using the FunRich database. Subsequently, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was generated using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes and displayed via Cytoscape software. The PPI network was analyzed by the Molecular Complex Detection app from Cytoscape, and 16 upregulated hub genes were selected. The Oncomine database was used to detect expression patterns of hub genes for validation. Furthermore, the biological pathways of these 16 hub genes were re-analyzed, and potential interactions between these genes and miRNAs were explored via FunRich.\nRESULTS: A total of 384 DEGs were identified. A Venn diagram determined 88 common DEGs. The PPI network was constructed with 48 nodes and 221 protein pairs. Among them, 16 hub genes were extracted, 14 of which were upregulated in SCLC samples, as compared with normal lung specimens, and 10 were correlated with the cell cycle pathway. Furthermore, 57 target miRNAs for 8 hub genes were identified, among which 31 miRNAs were correlated with the progression of carcinoma, drug-resistance, radio-sensitivity, or autophagy in lung cancer.\nCONCLUSION: This study provided effective biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for diagnosis and prognosis of SCLC and LCNEC.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "Gene expression profiles (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE1037) were obtained from the GEO database, based on the GPL962 CHUGAI 41K platform. Data including 18 primary normal lung tissues, 8 primary LCNEC tissues, 15 primary small‐cell lung carcinoma tissues, and 9 small‐cell lung carcinoma cell lines were downloaded.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:31981472", "locator": "sections[4] \"Gene expression profile data\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Gene expression profiles (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE1037) were obtained from the GEO database, based on the GPL962 CHUGAI 41K platform. Data including 18 primary normal lung tissues, 8 primary LCNEC tissues, 15 primary small‐cell lung carcinoma tissues, and 9 small‐cell lung carcinoma cell lines were downloaded."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": null, "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:31981472"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. 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"GO:0051301~cell division", "6", "0.142993327", "4.04E‐06", "0.004971483"], ["GOTERM_BP_DIRECT", "GO:0006355~regulation of transcription DNA‐templated", "7", "0.166825548", "3.53E‐04", "0.432578524"], ["GOTERM_BP_DIRECT", "GO:0006281~DNA repair", "4", "0.095328885", "8.15E‐04", "0.997007591"], ["GOTERM_BP_DIRECT", "GO:0045143~homologous chromosome segregation", "2", "0.047664442", ".006639221", "7.86341138"], ["GOTERM_BP_DIRECT", "GO:0031536~positive regulation of exit from mitosis", "2", "0.047664442", ".008292426", "9.731016783"], ["GOTERM_BP_DIRECT", "GO:0007067~mitotic nuclear division", "3", "0.071496663", ".013030094", "14.89218414"], ["GOTERM_BP_DIRECT", "GO:0046323~glucose import", "2", "0.047664442", ".018156528", "20.17047326"], ["GOTERM_BP_DIRECT", "GO:0051276~chromosome organization", "2", "0.047664442", ".023053317", "24.9298377"], ["GOTERM_BP_DIRECT", "GO:0070979~protein K11‐linked ubiquitination", "2", "0.047664442", ".037603917", "37.57710332"], ["GOTERM_BP_DIRECT", "GO:0007052~mitotic spindle organization", "2", "0.047664442", ".037603917", "37.57710332"], ["GOTERM_BP_DIRECT", "GO:0090307~mitotic spindle assembly", "2", "0.047664442", ".045597774", "43.66110836"], ["GOTERM_CC_DIRECT", "GO:0005737~cytoplasm", "15", "0.357483317", "2.21E‐05", "0.022280174"], ["GOTERM_CC_DIRECT", "GO:0005634~nucleus", "14", "0.333651096", "5.40E‐05", "0.054460588"], ["GOTERM_CC_DIRECT", "GO:0043203~axon hillock", "2", "0.047664442", ".00741693", "7.237425098"], ["GOTERM_CC_DIRECT", "GO:0032133~chromosome passenger complex", "2", "0.047664442", ".00741693", "7.237425098"], ["GOTERM_CC_DIRECT", "GO:0005654~nucleoplasm", "7", "0.166825548", ".010502317", "10.10650713"], ["GOTERM_CC_DIRECT", "GO:0045120~pronucleus", "2", "0.047664442", ".013312558", "12.64989615"], ["GOTERM_CC_DIRECT", "GO:0051233~spindle midzone", "2", "0.047664442", ".022093237", "20.18460143"], ["GOTERM_MF_DIRECT", "GO:0031625~ubiquitin protein ligase binding", "3", "0.076628352", ".011662791", "10.93819391"], ["GOTERM_MF_DIRECT", "GO:0008301~DNA binding bending", "2", "0.051085568", ".015851015", "14.59560577"], ["GOTERM_MF_DIRECT", "GO:0005524~ATP binding", "6", "0.153256705", ".027091606", "23.75384229"], ["GOTERM_MF_DIRECT", "GO:0030414~peptidase inhibitor activity", "2", "0.051085568", ".030054212", "26.01571812"], ["GOTERM_MF_DIRECT", "GO:0061631~ubiquitin conjugating enzyme activity", "2", "0.051085568", ".038482685", "32.12464677"], ["Down regulated", "GOTERM_BP_DIRECT", "GO:0070836~caveola assembly", "3", "0.046260601", "6.99E−05", "0.098559412"], ["GOTERM_BP_DIRECT", "GO:0007155~cell adhesion", "6", "0.092521203", ".007419687", "9.977332032"], ["GOTERM_BP_DIRECT", "GO:0019065~receptor‐mediated endocytosis of virus by host cell", "2", "0.030840401", ".008018493", "10.74080337"], ["GOTERM_BP_DIRECT", "GO:0042420~dopamine catabolic process", "2", "0.030840401", ".013329193", "17.25342044"], ["GOTERM_BP_DIRECT", "GO:0042135~neurotransmitter catabolic process", "2", "0.030840401", ".021243157", "26.14357095"], ["GOTERM_BP_DIRECT", "GO:0050891~multicellular organismal water homeostasis", "2", "0.030840401", ".021243157", "26.14357095"], ["GOTERM_BP_DIRECT", "GO:0001525~angiogenesis", "4", "0.061680802", ".021777665", "26.71078904"], ["GOTERM_BP_DIRECT", "GO:0032060~bleb assembly", "2", "0.030840401", ".026484616", "31.53390357"], ["GOTERM_BP_DIRECT", "GO:0006069~ethanol oxidation", "2", "0.030840401", ".031698626", "36.53140253"], ["GOTERM_BP_DIRECT", "GO:0015793~glycerol transport", "2", "0.030840401", ".034295382", "38.89185575"], ["GOTERM_BP_DIRECT", "GO:0009992~cellular water homeostasis", "2", "0.030840401", ".034295382", "38.89185575"], ["GOTERM_CC_DIRECT", "GO:0070062~extracellular exosome", "16", "0.246723207", ".001317986", "1.408901211"], ["GOTERM_CC_DIRECT", "GO:0005886~plasma membrane", "19", "0.292983809", ".003743762", "3.955034143"], ["GOTERM_CC_DIRECT", "GO:0005901~caveola", "3", "0.046260601", ".010295194", "10.53630766"], 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hsa‐miR‐133b hsa‐miR‐4458 hsa‐miR‐4500"], ["CDCA7", "hsa‐miR‐30a‐5p hsa‐miR‐30b‐5p hsa‐miR‐30c‐5p hsa‐miR‐30d‐5p hsa‐miR‐30e‐5p hsa‐miR‐302a‐3p hsa‐miR‐302‐3p hsa‐miR‐302c‐3p hsa‐miR‐302d‐3p hsa‐miR‐372‐3p hsa‐miR‐373‐3p hsa‐miR‐520e hsa‐miR‐520b hsa‐miR‐520f‐3p hsa‐miR‐520a‐3p hsa‐miR‐520d‐3p hsa‐miR‐520c‐3p hsa‐miR‐499a‐5p hsa‐miR‐302e"], ["AURKA", "hsa‐miR‐25‐3p hsa‐miR‐92a‐3p hsa‐miR‐363‐3p hsa‐miR‐367‐3p hsa‐miR‐490‐3p hsa‐miR‐92b‐3p hsa‐miR‐421 hsa‐miR‐32‐5p"]], "row_count": 9, "column_count": 2, "numeric_cells": 8, "header_rows": 1, "locator": "section[17]/table-wrap[1]#mgg31126-tbl-0003"}}, {"id": "asset:table:pmid:31981472:4", "role": "table", "format": "jats-table", "media_type": "application/vnd.jats.table+json", "uri": null, "sha256": "sha256:18caefba689141877e0022338719ab5a1962a335c1e5a76734b7ee0962d571e9", "bytes": 1595, "access": "open", "state": "verified", "reader": "read_table", "reader_status": "available", "identifier": "section[17]/table-wrap[2]#mgg31126-tbl-0004", "version": null, "note": "Functions of miRNAs in lung cancer", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC7057089", "section_index": 17, "section_title": "Prediction of target miRNAs for hub genes", "row_count": 9, "column_count": 2}, "table": {"label": "Table 4", "caption": "Functions of miRNAs in lung cancer", "rows": [["Gene", "miRNA"], ["TTK", "hsa‐miR‐101‐3p hsa‐miR‐212‐3p hsa‐miR‐132‐3p hsa‐miR‐140‐5p hsa‐miR‐455‐3p hsa‐miR‐582‐5p"], ["PTTG1", "hsa‐miR‐655‐3p hsa‐miR‐374c‐5p"], ["MYBL2", "hsa‐miR‐29a‐3p hsa‐miR‐29b‐3p hsa‐miR‐30c‐5p hsa‐miR‐30a‐5p hsa‐miR‐30b‐5p hsa‐miR‐30d‐5p hsa‐miR‐29c‐3p hsa‐miR‐30e‐5p hsa‐miR‐423‐5p hsa‐miR‐3184‐5p"], ["EZH2", "hsa‐miR‐101‐3p hsa‐miR‐124‐3p hsa‐miR‐137 hsa‐miR‐138‐5p"], ["CENPA", "hsa‐miR‐873‐5p"], ["CDCA8", "hsa‐let‐7a‐5p hsa‐let‐7b‐5p hsa‐let‐7c‐5p hsa‐let‐7d‐5p hsa‐let‐7e‐5p hsa‐let‐7f‐5p hsa‐miR‐98‐5p hsa‐let‐7g‐5p hsa‐let‐7i‐5p hsa‐miR‐133a‐3p hsa‐miR‐133b hsa‐miR‐4458 hsa‐miR‐4500"], ["CDCA7", "hsa‐miR‐30a‐5p hsa‐miR‐30b‐5p hsa‐miR‐30c‐5p hsa‐miR‐30d‐5p hsa‐miR‐30e‐5p hsa‐miR‐302a‐3p hsa‐miR‐302‐3p hsa‐miR‐302c‐3p hsa‐miR‐302d‐3p hsa‐miR‐372‐3p hsa‐miR‐373‐3p hsa‐miR‐520e hsa‐miR‐520b hsa‐miR‐520f‐3p hsa‐miR‐520a‐3p hsa‐miR‐520d‐3p hsa‐miR‐520c‐3p hsa‐miR‐499a‐5p hsa‐miR‐302e"], ["AURKA", "hsa‐miR‐25‐3p hsa‐miR‐92a‐3p hsa‐miR‐363‐3p hsa‐miR‐367‐3p hsa‐miR‐490‐3p hsa‐miR‐92b‐3p hsa‐miR‐421 hsa‐miR‐32‐5p"]], "row_count": 9, "column_count": 2, "numeric_cells": 8, "header_rows": 1, "locator": "section[17]/table-wrap[2]#mgg31126-tbl-0004"}}], "gaps": ["asset:data:geo:GSE1037 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE1037 licence not read"]}, "analysis": {"state": "complete", "methods": [{"id": "method-1", "family": "network_analysis", "specific": "ppi_network", "label": "Network / pathway analysis", "dsl_operations": ["build_graph", "centrality_scores", "pathway_enrich"], "missing_operations": [], "expressible": true, "parameters": {}, "data_shapes": ["edge_list"], "evidence": {"score": 0.7, "band": "medium", "quote": 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{"method": {"tier": "R1", "expressible": true, "required_operations": ["build_graph", "centrality_scores", "pathway_enrich"], "missing_operations": [], "basis": "The paper names the method it used and the corpus's method extractor maps it onto the DSL catalogue: ppi_network."}, "capability": {"tier": "R1", "capability_id": "capability:computational_analysis", "availability_state": "owned", "basis": "The computational analysis is owned. The physical bench the paper used is not, so a physical validation cannot be run here."}, "data": {"tier": "R1", "reachable": true, "accessions": ["GSE1037"], "resolved_accessions": ["GSE1037"], "statements": ["Gene expression profiles (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE1037) were obtained from the GEO database, based on the GPL962 CHUGAI 41K platform. Data including 18 primary normal lung tissues, 8 primary LCNEC tissues, 15 primary small‐cell lung carcinoma tissues, and 9 small‐cell lung carcinoma cell lines were downloaded."], "basis": "The paper names GSE1037 in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the accession resolves in the repository. 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