Identification of hub genes associated with esophageal cancer progression using bioinformatics analysis.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:32963620", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 7, "content_hash": "sha256:a582461e11ca7c1b887a3b284847d7a8c603ed407197048d0b2c3a6bd36f20c9", "created_at": "2026-11-01T15:41:11Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:02:13Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Identification of hub genes associated with esophageal cancer progression using bioinformatics analysis.", "doi": "10.3892/ol.2020.12077", "pmid": "32963620", "authors": ["Jiangfen Li", "Yufang Xie", "Xueli Wang", "Chenhao Jiang", "Xin Yuan", "Anzhi Zhang", "Lan Yang", "Chunxia Liu", "Hong Zou", "Feng Li", "Jianming Hu"], "journal": "Oncology letters", "year": 2020, "abstract": "The underlying causes of esophageal cancer (EC) are unknown. To explore the molecular mechanisms that lead to EC, gene expression profiles of large cohorts of patients with EC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases (GSE5364, GSE20347 and GSE23400). The present study identified 83 upregulated and 22 downregulated genes between EC and normal tissue using R statistical software and the GEO2R web tool. The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery was used to identify the associated pathways, and for functional annotation of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Protein-protein interactions of these DEGs were analyzed based on the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes database, and hub genes were visualized using Cytoscape software. An online Kaplan-Meier plotter survival analysis tool was utilized to evaluate the prognostic value of hub gene expression in patients with EC. Further analysis of an additional dataset from GEO (GSE21293) revealed that these genes were associated with infiltration and metastasis in EC. In addition, the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis tool was used to evaluate expression levels of hub genes in patients with EC for different pathological stages. The Ualcan analysis tool was used to evaluate the expression levels of hub genes for different histological types. Overall, ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 C, cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 3, CDC28 protein kinase regulatory subunit 2, kinesin family member 20A (KIF20A) and RAD51 associated protein 1 (RAD51AP1) were upregulated in EC tissues compared with normal tissues, and upregulation of these genes was a poor prognostic factor for patients with EC, indicating that these genes may mediate EC cell infiltration and metastasis. Among the hub genes, KIF-20A had potential value for predicting the pathological stage of EC. KIF20A and RAD51AP1 were more informative biomarkers of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Further studies are required to explore the value of these genes in the treatment of EC.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "Student's t test was used to analyze difference between two groups. To explore the role of the hub DEGs in EC invasion, an additional dataset, GSE21293 (17), was evaluated from the GEO database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/).", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:32963620", "locator": "sections[9] \"Invasion analysis of prognostic hub genes\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Student's t test was used to analyze difference between two groups."}, {"asset": "source:pmid:32963620", "locator": "sections[9] \"Invasion analysis of prognostic hub genes\" paragraph 2", "quote": "To explore the role of the hub DEGs in EC invasion, an additional dataset, GSE21293 (17), was evaluated from the GEO database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/)."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in the published article.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:32963620", "locator": "sections[24] \"Availability of data and materials\" paragraph 2", "quote": "All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in the published article."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "partial", "objective": null, "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:32963620"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. 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