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pmid:33140821
Identification prognosis-associated immune genes in colon adenocarcinoma.
Yandong Miao · Jiangtao Wang · Xueping Ma · Yuan Yang · Denghai Mi
Bioscience reports · 2020 doi:10.1042/BSR20201734
Paper
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Experiment
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Data
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Analysis
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Complete file
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The present paper aims to identify the prognosis value of IGs in COAD and conduct a prognosis model for clinical utility. Gene expression data of COAD were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), screening and analyzing differentially expressed IGs by bioinformatics. Core genes were screened by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Survival analysis was appraised by the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test. Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were used to identify IGs' relevant signal pathways. We predicted the overall survival (OS) by nomogram. Finally, a prognosis model was conducted based on 12 IGs (SLC10A2, CXCL3, NOX4, FABP4, ADIPOQ, IGKV1-33, IGLV6-57, INHBA, UCN, VIP, NGFR, and TRDC). The risk score was an independent prognostic factor, and a nomogram could accurately predict the OS of individual COAD patients. These results were validated in GSE39582, GSE12945, and GSE103479 cohorts. Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that these IGs are mainly enriched in hormone secretion, hormone transport, lipid transport, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor signaling pathway. In summary, the risk score is an independent prognostic biomarker. We also excavated several IGs related to COAD's survival and maybe potential biomarkers for COAD diagnosis and treatment.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "Screening differentially expressed genes, IGs, transcription factors (TFs) was undertaken by the Wilcoxon Test [16], using R-package ‘limma’ ‘edgeR.’False-discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05 and Log2 | (fold change, FC) | > 1.5 were set as the cutoffs.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:33140821", "locator": "sections[5] \"Identification of differential expression of genes, IGs, and transcription factors\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Screening differentially expressed genes, IGs, transcription factors (TFs) was undertaken by the Wilcoxon Test [16], using R-package ‘limma’ ‘edgeR.’False-discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05 and Log2 | (fold change, FC) | > 1.5 were set as the cutoffs."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The authors certify that all the original data in this research could be obtained from public database. 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The data of training group are available at NCBI GEO (GSE39582 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE39582, GSE12945 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE12945, and GSE103479 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE103479). Other data that were used to support the findings of the present study are included within the supplementary information files. 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six molecular subtypes with distinct clinical, molecular and survival characteristics [Expression]", "resolution_checked_at": "2026-11-01T15:39:54Z", "resolution_check": "identifier_resolution_only_no_download_no_licence_read", "downloaded": false, "licence_read": false}}, {"id": "asset:table:pmid:33140821:1", "role": "table", "format": "jats-table", "media_type": "application/vnd.jats.table+json", "uri": null, "sha256": "sha256:7833326559daa4c263c5dd239766e17f403e3bc90259be3a93f6aab6f76ccc56", "bytes": 947, "access": "open", "state": "verified", "reader": "read_table", "reader_status": "available", "identifier": "section[12]/table-wrap[1]#T1", "version": null, "note": "PRIGs (multivariate Cox regression analysis) and prognosis model coefficient", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC7670579", "section_index": 12, "section_title": "Prognosis model of immune constructed and survival analysis", "row_count": 13, "column_count": 5}, "table": {"label": "Table 1", "caption": "PRIGs (multivariate Cox regression analysis) and prognosis model coefficient", "rows": [["PRIGs", "Coefficient", "HR", "95% CI", "P-value"], ["SLC10A2", "0.6105", "1.8413", "1.1402−2.9734", "0.0125"], ["CXCL3", "−0.0249", "0.9754", "0.9567−0.9945", "0.0119"], ["NOX4", "−1.1528", "0.3157", "0.0985−1.0122", "0.0524"], ["FABP4", "0.0693", "1.0717", "1.0286−1.1167", "0.0009"], ["ADIPOQ", "−0.3076", "0.7352", "0.5597−0.9657", "0.0270"], ["IGKV1-33", "0.0626", "1.0646", "1.0186−1.1126", "0.0054"], ["IGLV6-57", "0.0027", "1.0027", "1.0012−1.0042", "0.0004"], ["INHBA", "0.1227", "1.1306", "1.0327−1.2377", "0.0079"], ["UCN", "0.4528", "1.5727", "1.2582−1.9658", "0.0001"], ["VIP", "0.0473", "1.0485", "0.9867−1.1141", "0.1266"], ["NGFR", "−0.3930", "0.6750", "0.4345−1.0489", "0.0805"], ["TRDC", "0.1966", "1.2173", "1.0900−1.3595", "0.0005"]], "row_count": 13, "column_count": 5, "numeric_cells": 52, "header_rows": 1, "locator": "section[12]/table-wrap[1]#T1"}}, {"id": "asset:table:pmid:33140821:2", "role": "table", 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(female vs. male)", "1.1784", "0.6496–2.1375", "0.5890", "0.9428", "0.5054–1.7587", "0.8530"], ["Stage (I/II vs. III/IV)", "4.5987", "2.3719–8.9160", "6.28E-06", "2.1689", "0.2393–19.6625", "0.4912"], ["T (1–2 vs. 3–4)", "9.5372", "1.3085–69.5115", "0.0261", "3.8526", "0.5048–29.4052", "0.1933"], ["N (0 vs. 1–3)", "4.2744", "2.2413–8.1519", "1.03E-05", "1.2869", "0.1687–9.8185", "0.8078"], ["M (0 vs. 1)", "6.6080", "3.6126–12.0868", "8.84E-10", "3.4409", "1.6652–7.1102", "0.0008"], ["Risk score", "1.0069", "1.0037–1.0101", "2.46E-05", "1.0051", "1.0018–1.0083", "0.0021"]], "row_count": 9, "column_count": 7, "numeric_cells": 48, "header_rows": 2, "locator": "section[12]/table-wrap[2]#T2"}}, {"id": "asset:table:pmid:33140821:3", "role": "table", "format": "jats-table", "media_type": "application/vnd.jats.table+json", "uri": null, "sha256": "sha256:3a2b63bd9675ff3a83196a862634df4960ef038b90aa7834ce732bdaa0994153", "bytes": 1033, "access": "open", "state": "verified", "reader": "read_table", "reader_status": "available", "identifier": "section[12]/table-wrap[3]#T3", "version": null, "note": "The prognostic value of different clinical characteristics in the test group", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC7670579", "section_index": 12, "section_title": "Prognosis model of immune constructed and survival analysis", "row_count": 9, "column_count": 7}, "table": {"label": "Table 3", "caption": "The prognostic value of different clinical characteristics in the test group", "rows": [["Variables", "Univariate prognostic analysis", "Multivariate prognostic analysis"], ["", "HR", "95% CI", "P-value", "HR", "95% CI", "P-value"], ["Age (≤65 vs. >65 years)", "1.3467", "0.9954–1.8221", "0.0536", "1.4041", "1.0328–1.9087", "0.0303"], ["Gender (female vs. male)", "1.2162", "0.9046–1.6352", "0.1950", "1.2656", "0.9367–1.7101", "0.1250"], ["Stage (I/II vs. III/IV)", "2.0615", "1.5306–2.7766", "1.92E-06", "2.2131", "1.6259–3.0124", "4.42E-07"], ["T (1–2 vs. 3–4)", "2.0090", "1.0613–3.8027", "0.0321", "1.3989", "0.7332–2.6689", "0.3084"], ["N (0 vs. 1–3)", "0.9644", "0.7186–1.2943", "0.8091", "0.7357", "0.5394–1.0034", "0.0526"], ["M (0 vs. 1)", "1.2951", "0.8288–2.0235", "0.2562", "1.4461", "0.9076–2.3042", "0.1207"], ["Risk score", "1.7018", "1.4854–1.9498", "1.84E-14", "1.6438", "1.4254–1.8958", "8.44E-12"]], "row_count": 9, "column_count": 7, "numeric_cells": 48, "header_rows": 2, "locator": "section[12]/table-wrap[3]#T3"}}], "gaps": ["asset:data:geo:GSE103479 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE103479 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE12945 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE12945 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE39582 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE39582 licence not read"]}, "analysis": {"state": "partial", "methods": [{"id": "method-1", "family": "group_comparison", "specific": "wilcoxon", "label": "Group comparison", "dsl_operations": [], "missing_operations": ["group_comparison_wilcoxon"], "expressible": false, "parameters": {}, 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"parameters": {}, "data_shapes": ["count_matrix_with_condition"], "evidence": {"score": 0.8, "band": "high", "quote": "limma"}}, {"id": "method-7", "family": "network_analysis", "specific": "ppi_network", "label": "Network / pathway analysis", "dsl_operations": ["build_graph", "centrality_scores", "pathway_enrich"], "missing_operations": [], "expressible": true, "parameters": {}, "data_shapes": ["edge_list"], "evidence": {"score": 0.8, "band": "high", "quote": "PPI"}}, {"id": "method-8", "family": "network_analysis", "specific": "pathway_enrichment", "label": "Network / pathway analysis", "dsl_operations": ["pathway_enrich"], "missing_operations": [], "expressible": true, "parameters": {}, "data_shapes": ["edge_list"], "evidence": {"score": 0.8, "band": "high", "quote": "GO enrichment"}}], "targets": [], "gaps": ["method.group_comparison_wilcoxon"]}, "capability": {"state": "complete", "requirements": [{"capability_id": "capability:computational_analysis", "label": "Computational analysis platform", "assay_families": ["meta_analysis", "machine_learning", "survival_analysis", "statistical_regression", "pca", "molecular_docking", "network_analysis", "differential_expression", "gwas"], "availability_state": "owned", "tier_unlocked": "R1", "candidate": "Automated Assays Laravel application and simulated adapters"}], "gaps": []}, "readiness": {"state": "complete", "tier": "R1", "blocking_axis": "none", "blocked_on": "nothing:replicable_now", "axes": {"method": {"tier": "R1", "expressible": false, "required_operations": [], "missing_operations": ["group_comparison_wilcoxon"], "basis": "The paper names the method it used and the corpus's method extractor maps it onto the DSL catalogue: wilcoxon."}, "capability": {"tier": "R1", "capability_id": "capability:computational_analysis", "availability_state": "owned", "basis": "The computational analysis is owned. The physical bench the paper used is not, so a physical validation cannot be run here."}, "data": {"tier": "R1", "reachable": true, "accessions": ["GSE39582", "GSE12945", "GSE103479"], "resolved_accessions": ["GSE39582", "GSE12945", "GSE103479"], "statements": ["The authors certify that all the original data in this research could be obtained from public database. Both the transcriptome and clinical data of COAD were obtained from the TCGA database (https://tcga-data.nci.nih.gov/tcga/). The data of training group are available at NCBI GEO (GSE39582 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE39582, GSE12945 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE12945, and GSE103479 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE103479). Other data that were used to support the findings of the present study are included within the supplementary information files. All the raw data in the present study are available from the first author or corresponding author upon request."], "basis": "The paper names GSE39582, GSE12945, GSE103479 in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the accession resolves in the repository. No dataset was downloaded and no licence was read."}}, "can_run": {"dsl_operations": [], "assets": ["source:pmid:33140821", "data:geo:GSE103479", "asset:table:pmid:33140821:1", "asset:table:pmid:33140821:2", "asset:table:pmid:33140821:3"], "steps": []}, "must_build": {"dsl_operations": [{"operation": "group_comparison_wilcoxon", "unlocks_papers": null, "priority": null}], "converters": [], "readers": [], "capabilities": [], "data_gaps": ["data:geo:GSE103479"]}, "gaps": []}, "review": {"state": "partial", "machine_critique": {"kind": "extraction_review", "reader": {"model": "MiniMax-M3.1-Flash", "provider": "minimax", "provider_family": "minimax", "read_at": "2026-10-31T18:24:05Z", "independence": "single_reader"}, "evidence_check": {"method": "verbatim", "availability": "verbatim"}, "calls": 3, "usage": {"prompt_tokens": 21548, "completion_tokens": 2070, "cached_tokens": 784}}, "human_critique": null, "stages": [{"id": "extraction", "state": "complete", "reader": "MiniMax-M3.1-Flash", "provider": "minimax"}], "gaps": ["review.independent_reader", "review.machine_critique", "review.human_critique"]}, "execution": {"state": "absent", "status": "not_run", "mode": null, "runs": [], "gaps": ["execution.not_run"]}, "provenance": {"entities": [{"id": "pmid:33140821", "type": "paper", "label": "pmid:33140821"}, {"id": "source:pmid:33140821", "type": "manuscript", "label": "PMID 33140821 full text"}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE103479", "type": "dataset", "label": "GEO GSE103479"}], "activities": [{"id": "activity-reading-sci-2026-11-01", "type": "classification", "used": [{"id": "pmid:33140821", "type": "paper", "label": "pmid:33140821"}, {"id": "source:pmid:33140821", "type": "manuscript", "label": "PMID 33140821 full text"}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE103479", "type": "dataset", "label": "GEO GSE103479"}], "agent": "agent:corpus-assay-engine"}, {"id": "activity-read-33140821", "type": "extraction", "used": ["source:pmid:33140821"], "agent": "agent:minimax-reader"}, {"id": "activity-resolve-GSE103479", "type": "accession_resolution", "used": ["data:geo:GSE103479"], "agent": "agent:corpus-assay-engine"}], "agents": [{"id": "agent:corpus-assay-engine", "type": "software", "label": "Corpus assay engine"}, {"id": "agent:minimax-reader", "type": "software", "label": "MiniMax literature reader"}], "source_run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01", "dsl_catalogue_fingerprint": "343fb30756ba6ec3", "capability_table_fingerprint": "2cb3e42f047d2ecf", "snapshot_id": "ba34b49490d9bfaf"}, "lineage": {"parent_id": "pmid:33140821", "parent_hash": "sha256:06bc70cf8e7aa3e25993cdcc882884462daf38b3d86bc5b3493076832bdb0535", "fork_of": null, "generation": 6}, "gaps": ["asset:data:geo:GSE103479 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE103479 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE12945 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE12945 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE39582 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE39582 not downloaded", "execution.not_run", "method.group_comparison_wilcoxon", "review.human_critique", "review.independent_reader", "review.machine_critique", "step:run_analysis blocked on method:group_comparison_wilcoxon"], "assays": [{"role": "analysis", "definition_id": "group_comparison", "definition_version": "f2132e96ae6c7a4e", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "partial", "source_hashes": {"dsl_catalogue": "f2132e96ae6c7a4e"}, "confidence": 1.0, "evidence": ["Screening differentially expressed genes, IGs, transcription factors (TFs) was undertaken by the Wilcoxon Test [16], using R-package ‘limma’ ‘edgeR.’False-discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05 and Log2 | (fold change, FC) | > 1.5 were set as the cutoffs."], "order_basis": "analysis_only", "id": "assay:1"}]}