Correlation of immune infiltration with clinical outcomes in breast cancer patients: The 25-gene prognostic signatures model.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:33626234", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 7, "content_hash": "sha256:42573aa78453a3a271702dd1f5f0578243e0ced7900704ed47d64cedf0c92886", "created_at": "2026-11-01T15:41:26Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:03:11Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Correlation of immune infiltration with clinical outcomes in breast cancer patients: The 25-gene prognostic signatures model.", "doi": "10.1002/cam4.3678", "pmid": "33626234", "authors": ["Yushan Liu", "Wenfen Fu", "Wei Chen", "Yuxiang Lin", "Jie Zhang", "Chuangui Song"], "journal": "Cancer medicine", "year": 2021, "abstract": "PURPOSE: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. The aim of this study was to build a prognostic signatures model based on the immune score of the ESTIMATE algorithm to predict survival of breast cancer patients.\nMETHODS: The RNA-seq expression data and clinical characteristics of patients were derived from TCGA and GSE88770 of GEO. The ESTIMATE algorithm was used to calculate the patients' immune scores and to obtain DEGs. The LASSO Cox regression model was applied to select prognostic genes. Survival analysis and the ROC curve were used to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the prognostic signatures model. Independent prognostic factors of breast cancer were assessed using the Cox regression analyses, and a nomogram was constructed to enhance the clinical value.\nRESULTS: Based on the immune score, we found that the high-score group showed better clinical outcomes than the low-score group. Twenty-five (25) genes of 616 DEGs were confirmed as prognostic signatures through the LASSO Cox regression. The risk score for each patient was calculated according to the prognostic signatures. Survival analysis showed that the low-risk group had longer overall survival than the high-risk group. We also found that the risk score was an independent prognostic factor. To improve the clinical application value, a nomogram combing the risk score according to the 25-gene prognostic signatures and several clinicopathological prognostic factors was constructed.\nCONCLUSIONS: This study revealed the significance of immune infiltration and constructed a 25-gene prognostic signatures model, that has a strong prognostic value for patients with breast cancer.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "The LASSO Cox regression model was built using the glmnet R package.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:33626234", "locator": "sections[6] \"Construction of the prognostic signatures model\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The LASSO Cox regression model was built using the glmnet R package."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The data in this study was obtained from the TCGA databases (https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/repository) and the GEO databases (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/).", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:33626234", "locator": "sections[25] \"DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The data in this study was obtained from the TCGA databases (https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/repository) and the GEO databases (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/)."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": null, "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:33626234"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. 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