Granzyme family acts as a predict biomarker in cutaneous melanoma and indicates more benefit from anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:33746582", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 7, "content_hash": "sha256:e52779ed43753b01db68be27c0c51baef1acde51624072668ab2b82291276330", "created_at": "2026-11-01T15:41:29Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:03:22Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Granzyme family acts as a predict biomarker in cutaneous melanoma and indicates more benefit from anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.", "doi": "10.7150/ijms.54747", "pmid": "33746582", "authors": ["Xia Wu", "Xiaojie Wang", "Yan Zhao", "Kun Li", "Bo Yu", "Jianzhong Zhang"], "journal": "International journal of medical sciences", "year": 2021, "abstract": "The incidence of cutaneous melanoma (CM) increased since the 1970s, and also along with an unfavorable prognosis. CM patients have been verified benefits from immunotherapy, and granzymes (GZMs) comprise more than 90% of the cytolytic granules secreted by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and nature killer cell. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate the prognostic value of GZMs in CM. A total of 633 CM patients was enrolled to access the prognostic value of GZMs. The integrated prognostic value of five GZMs was validated in TCGA-SKCM, GSE65904, GSE53118, GSE19234 and GSE22153 cohorts. GZMscore, age, Breslow's depth and tumor stage are the independent risk factors for CM patients, risk score based on these factors was calculated in TCGA-SKCM and GSE65906 cohorts, which could polarize the CM patients to high- and low-risk groups with diverse prognosis. Patients in low-risk group obtained the activated immune signaling pathways and response, especially for the activated CD8+ T cells, and could benefit more from anti-PD-1 therapy. A higher tumor mutation burden was observed in low-risk group, especially for the mutation of BRAF. The protect function of GZMK was confirmed by CM cell lines, overexpression of GZMK in A375 and G361 cells suppresses cell proliferation, migration, but not cell apoptosis. All in all, we revealed the prognostic value of GZMs in CM patients, which could also act as a predicted value for the selection of responders of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "K-M survival analysis was used to indicate the different clinical outcomes of subgroups with the 'survminer' package, univariate Cox regression analysis was employed to calculate the hazard ration (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI).", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:33746582", "locator": "sections[13] \"Statistical methods and online tools\" paragraph 2", "quote": "K-M survival analysis was used to indicate the different clinical outcomes of subgroups with the 'survminer' package, univariate Cox regression analysis was employed to calculate the hazard ration (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI)."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:33746582", "locator": "sections[24] \"ack\" paragraph 1", "quote": "The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "partial", "objective": null, "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:33746582"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. 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