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pmid:34054812

Immune Landscape of Gastric Carcinoma Tumor Microenvironment Identifies a Peritoneal Relapse Relevant Immune Signature.

Chuang Zhang · Danni Li · Ruoxi Yu · Ce Li · Yujia Song · Xi Chen · Yibo Fan · Yunpeng Liu · Xiujuan Qu

Frontiers in immunology · 2021 doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.651033

Paper

complete

Experiment

complete

Data

partial

Analysis

partial

Execution

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pmid:34054812
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2026-11-01T15:41:37Z
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title
Immune Landscape of Gastric Carcinoma Tumor Microenvironment Identifies a Peritoneal Relapse Relevant Immune Signature.
doi
10.3389/fimmu.2021.651033
pmid
34054812
authors array · 9 items
[0]
Chuang Zhang
[1]
Danni Li
[2]
Ruoxi Yu
[3]
Ce Li
[4]
Yujia Song
[5]
Xi Chen
[6]
Yibo Fan
[7]
Yunpeng Liu
[8]
Xiujuan Qu
journal
Frontiers in immunology
year
2021
abstract
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) still represents the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Peritoneal relapse (PR) is the most frequent metastasis occurring among patients with advanced gastric cancer. Increasingly more evidence have clarified the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) may predict survival and have clinical significance in GC. However, tumor-transcriptomics based immune signatures derived from immune profiling have not been established for predicting the peritoneal recurrence of the advanced GC. Methods: In this study, we depict the immune landscape of GC by using transcriptome profiling and clinical characteristics retrieved from GSE62254 of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Immune cell infiltration score was evaluated via single-sample gene set enrichment (ssGSEA) analysis algorithm. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression algorithm was used to select the valuable immune cells and construct the final model for the prediction of PR. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the Kaplan-Meier curve were used to check the accuracy of PRIs. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were performed to explore the molecular pathways associated with PRIs. Results: A peritoneal recurrence related immune score (PRIs) with 10 immune cells was constructed. Compared to the low-PRIs group, the high-PRIs group had a greater risk. The upregulation of the focal adhesion signaling was observed in the high-PRIs subtype by GSEA and KEGG. Multivariate analysis found that both in the internal training cohort and the internal validation cohort, PRIs was a stable and independent predictor for PR. A nomogram that integrated clinicopathological features and PRIs to predict peritoneal relapse was constructed. Subgroup analysis indicated that the PRIs could obviously distinguish peritoneal recurrence in different molecular subtypes, pathological stages and Lauren subtypes, in which PRIs of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transitions (EMT) subtype, III-IV stage and diffuse subtype are higher respectively. Conclusion: Overall, we performed a comprehensive evaluation of the immune landscape of GC and constructed a predictive PR model based on the immune cell infiltration. The PRIs represents novel promising feature of predicting peritoneal recurrence of GC and sheds light on the improvement of the personalized management of GC patients after surgery.
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Continuous variables were analyzed using Student’s t-tests or nonparametric tests.
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The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found in the article/ Supplementary Material .
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The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found in the article/ Supplementary Material .
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Nrf2-related oxidative stress response and impaired dopamine biosynthesis in a PC12 cell model of Huntington’s disease
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Gene expression profile prospectively predicts peritoneal relapse after curative surgery of gastric cancer
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Homo sapiens
title
Molecular analysis of gastric cancer identifies discrete subtypes associated with distinct clinical characteristics and survival outcomes: the ACRG (Asian Cancer Research Group) study [gastric tumors]
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Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis among PRIs and clinical features in training cohort.
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Development and Validation of PRIs-Related Nomogram
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Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis among PRIs and clinical features in training cohort.
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{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:34054812", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 7, "content_hash": "sha256:387038982c71f879072fcb0203152e024e246f17b780dc0f28b12c94807edc8b", "created_at": "2026-11-01T15:41:37Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:03:52Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Immune Landscape of Gastric Carcinoma Tumor Microenvironment Identifies a Peritoneal Relapse Relevant Immune Signature.", "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2021.651033", "pmid": "34054812", "authors": ["Chuang Zhang", "Danni Li", "Ruoxi Yu", "Ce Li", "Yujia Song", "Xi Chen", "Yibo Fan", "Yunpeng Liu", "Xiujuan Qu"], "journal": "Frontiers in immunology", "year": 2021, "abstract": "Background: Gastric cancer (GC) still represents the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Peritoneal relapse (PR) is the most frequent metastasis occurring among patients with advanced gastric cancer. Increasingly more evidence have clarified the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) may predict survival and have clinical significance in GC. However, tumor-transcriptomics based immune signatures derived from immune profiling have not been established for predicting the peritoneal recurrence of the advanced GC.\nMethods: In this study, we depict the immune landscape of GC by using transcriptome profiling and clinical characteristics retrieved from GSE62254 of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Immune cell infiltration score was evaluated via single-sample gene set enrichment (ssGSEA) analysis algorithm. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression algorithm was used to select the valuable immune cells and construct the final model for the prediction of PR. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the Kaplan-Meier curve were used to check the accuracy of PRIs. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were performed to explore the molecular pathways associated with PRIs.\nResults: A peritoneal recurrence related immune score (PRIs) with 10 immune cells was constructed. Compared to the low-PRIs group, the high-PRIs group had a greater risk. The upregulation of the focal adhesion signaling was observed in the high-PRIs subtype by GSEA and KEGG. Multivariate analysis found that both in the internal training cohort and the internal validation cohort, PRIs was a stable and independent predictor for PR. A nomogram that integrated clinicopathological features and PRIs to predict peritoneal relapse was constructed. Subgroup analysis indicated that the PRIs could obviously distinguish peritoneal recurrence in different molecular subtypes, pathological stages and Lauren subtypes, in which PRIs of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transitions (EMT) subtype, III-IV stage and diffuse subtype are higher respectively.\nConclusion: Overall, we performed a comprehensive evaluation of the immune landscape of GC and constructed a predictive PR model based on the immune cell infiltration. The PRIs represents novel promising feature of predicting peritoneal recurrence of GC and sheds light on the improvement of the personalized management of GC patients after surgery.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "Continuous variables were analyzed using Student’s t-tests or nonparametric tests.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:34054812", "locator": "sections[10] \"Statistical Analysis\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Continuous variables were analyzed using Student’s t-tests or nonparametric tests."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. 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