Comprehensive analysis identifies IFI16 as a novel signature associated with overall survival and immune infiltration of skin cutaneous melanoma.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:34930258", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 3, "content_hash": "sha256:4ca2e01ed2c751f2cd3e333bff1665f61201826af5b7aba36b0a3feaedbe06cc", "created_at": "2026-11-01T17:36:38Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T21:26:49Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Comprehensive analysis identifies IFI16 as a novel signature associated with overall survival and immune infiltration of skin cutaneous melanoma.", "doi": "10.1186/s12935-021-02409-6", "pmid": "34930258", "authors": ["Hanwen Wang", "Xiaoxia Xie", "Junyou Zhu", "Shaohai Qi", "Julin Xie"], "journal": "Cancer cell international", "year": 2021, "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is the most common skin tumor with high mortality. The unfavorable outcome of SKCM urges the discovery of prognostic biomarkers for accurate therapy. The present study aimed to explore novel prognosis-related signatures of SKCM and determine the significance of immune cell infiltration in this pathology.\nMETHODS: Four gene expression profiles (GSE130244, GSE3189, GSE7553 and GSE46517) of SKCM and normal skin samples were retrieved from the GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were then screened, and the feature genes were identified by the LASSO regression and Boruta algorithm. Survival analysis was performed to filter the potential prognostic signature, and GEPIA was used for preliminary validation. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was obtained to evaluate discriminatory ability. The Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) was performed, and the composition of the immune cell infiltration in SKCM was estimated using CIBERSORT. At last, paraffin-embedded specimens of primary SKCM and normal skin tissues were collected, and the signature was validated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC).\nRESULTS: Totally 823 DEGs and 16 feature genes were screened. IFI16 was identified as the signature associated with overall survival of SKCM with a great discriminatory ability (AUC > 0.9 for all datasets). GSVA noticed that IFI16 might be involved in apoptosis and ultraviolet response in SKCM, and immune cell infiltration of IFI16 was evaluated. At last, FISH and IHC both validated the differential expression of IFI16 in SKCM.\nCONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our comprehensive analysis identified IFI16 as a signature associated with overall survival and immune infiltration of SKCM, which may play a critical role in the occurrence and development of SKCM.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "Survival analysis recognized that only IFI16 displayed good prognostic significance in patients with primary melanoma among the 14 validated feature genes.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:34930258", "locator": "sections[21] \"Survival analysis and performance evaluation\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Survival analysis recognized that only IFI16 displayed good prognostic significance in patients with primary melanoma among the 14 validated feature genes."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:34930258", "locator": "sections[34] \"notes\" paragraph 1", "quote": "The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "IFI16 was identified as the signature associated with overall survival of SKCM with a great discriminatory ability (AUC > 0.9 for all datasets).", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:34930258", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 3", "quote": "IFI16 was identified as the signature associated with overall survival of SKCM with a great discriminatory ability (AUC > 0.9 for all datasets)."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "IFI16 was identified as the signature associated with overall survival of SKCM with a great discriminatory ability (AUC > 0.9 for all datasets).", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:34930258"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. 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