CCNB2, CDC20, AURKA, TOP2A, MELK, NCAPG, KIF20A, UBE2C, PRC1, and ASPM May Be Potential Therapeutic Targets for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Integrated Bioinformatic Analysis.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:34992437", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 5, "content_hash": "sha256:b66d11ff3b8d305971ecfea5de582806f32368b302fc05a785d9ec2fd21f4f74", "created_at": "2026-11-01T17:36:42Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:48:11Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "CCNB2, CDC20, AURKA, TOP2A, MELK, NCAPG, KIF20A, UBE2C, PRC1, and ASPM May Be Potential Therapeutic Targets for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Integrated Bioinformatic Analysis.", "doi": "10.2147/IJGM.S341379", "pmid": "34992437", "authors": ["Zhiqiang Yang", "Xinglang Wu", "Junbo Li", "Qiang Zheng", "Junwei Niu", "Shengwei Li"], "journal": "International journal of general medicine", "year": 2021, "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly malignant, recurrent and drug-resistant tumor, and patients often lose the opportunity for surgery when they are diagnosed. Abnormal gene expression is closely related to the occurrence of HCC. The aim of the present study was to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between tumor tissue and non-tumor tissue of HCC samples in order to investigate the mechanisms of liver cancer.\nMETHODS: The gene expression profile (GSE62232, GSE89377, and GSE112790) was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and analyzed using the online tool GEO2R to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene Ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) of these DEGs was analyzed based on the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes database and visualized by Cytoscape software. In addition, we used the online Kaplan-Meier plotter survival analysis tool to evaluate the prognostic value of hub genes expression. HPA database was used to reveal the differences in protein level of hub genes.\nRESULTS: A total of 50 upregulated DEGs and 122 downregulated DEGs were identified. Among them, ten hub genes with a high degree of connectivity were picked out. Overexpression of these hub genes was associated with unfavorable prognosis of HCC.\nCONCLUSION: Our study suggests that CCNB2, CDC20, AURKA, TOP2A, MELK, NCAPG, KIF20A, UBE2C, PRC1, and ASPM were overexpressed in HCC compared with normal liver tissue. Overexpression of these genes was an unfavorable prognostic factor of HCC patients. Further study is needed to explore the value of them in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "GEO2R (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/geo2r/), a web tool performing comparisons based on limma and GEOquery R packages of the Bioconductor project, was used to identify the DEGs between HCC and normal specimens.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:34992437", "locator": "sections[4] \"Data Processing of DEGs\" paragraph 2", "quote": "GEO2R (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/geo2r/), a web tool performing comparisons based on limma and GEOquery R packages of the Bioconductor project, was used to identify the DEGs between HCC and normal specimens."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "All the data are freely available online, and this study does not involve any experiments conducted by any author on humans or animals.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:34992437", "locator": "sections[3] \"Data Source\" paragraph 2", "quote": "All the data are freely available online, and this study does not involve any experiments conducted by any author on humans or animals."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "Across three GEO datasets, 172 genes were differentially expressed in all three comparisons between HCC and normal liver samples, including 50 upregulated and 122 downregulated genes.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:34992437", "locator": "sections[10] \"Identification of DEGs\" paragraph 2", "quote": "One hundred and seventy-two DEGs were significantly differentially expressed among all three groups, of which 50 were significantly upregulated genes and 122 were downregulated."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "Across three GEO datasets, 172 genes were differentially expressed in all three comparisons between HCC and normal liver samples, including 50 upregulated and 122 downregulated genes.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:34992437"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE112790"], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE112790"], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": []}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:34992437", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S341379", "sha256": 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