A Signature of N6-methyladenosine Regulator-Related Genes Predicts Prognoses and Immune Responses for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:35185897", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 4, "content_hash": "sha256:87f141682886203e665ada7ee08d783b28d7e4ea40c3547b703a8929ef62759c", "created_at": "2026-11-01T17:36:56Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:48:31Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "A Signature of N6-methyladenosine Regulator-Related Genes Predicts Prognoses and Immune Responses for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.", "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2022.809872", "pmid": "35185897", "authors": ["Junjun Chen", "Tianzhu Lu", "Fangyan Zhong", "Qiaoli Lv", "Min Fang", "Ziwei Tu", "Yulong Ji", "Jingao Li", "Xiaochang Gong"], "journal": "Frontiers in immunology", "year": 2022, "abstract": "This study aimed to construct a signature of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulator-related genes that could be used for the prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and to clarify the molecular and immune characteristics and benefits of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy using the prognostic signature to define the subgroups of HNSCC. This study showed that eighteen m6A regulators were abnormally expressed in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) HNSCC tissues compared with those in normal tissues. We constructed a signature of 12 m6A regulator-related genes using the Cox risk model, combined with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) variable screening algorithm. Based on the median of the signature risk score, the patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups. The Kaplan-Meier survival analyses showed that patients with high-risk scores demonstrated poorer overall survival (OS) than those with low-risk scores based on TCGA-HNSCC data (p <0.001). The OS of high-risk patients was significantly worse than that of low-risk patients in the GSE65858 (p <0.001) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) oral cancer cohorts (p = 0.0089). Furthermore, immune infiltration analyses showed that 8 types of immune cell infiltration showed highly significant differences between the two risk groups (p <0.001). In the Imvigor210CoreBiologies dataset of patients who received ICIs, the objective response rate (ORR) of the low-risk group (32%) was significantly higher than that of the high-risk group (13%). Additionally, patients in the high-risk group presented with a more significant adverse OS than that of the low-risk group (p = 0.00032). GSE78220 also showed that the ORR of the low-risk group (64%) was higher than that of the high-risk group (43%) and the OS of low-risk patients was better than that of high-risk patients (p = 0.0064). The constructed prognostic signature, based on m6A regulator-related genes, could be used to effectively distinguish between prognoses for HNSCC patients. The prognostic signature was found to be related to the immune cell infiltration of HNSCC; it might help predict the responses and prognoses of ICIs during treatment.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to analyze the correlations between the genes and the overall survival (OS) in HNSCC patients.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35185897", "locator": "sections[12] \"Statistical Analysis\" paragraph 4", "quote": "Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to analyze the correlations between the genes and the overall survival (OS) in HNSCC patients."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found in the article/ Supplementary Material .", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35185897", "locator": "sections[24] \"Data Availability Statement\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found in the article/ Supplementary Material ."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "The constructed 12-gene m6A regulator-related prognostic signature distinguished HNSCC patient prognoses and was associated with immune-cell infiltration, while low-risk patients had higher objective response rates to immune checkpoint inhibitors.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35185897", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 1", "quote": "The constructed prognostic signature, based on m6A regulator-related genes, could be used to effectively distinguish between prognoses for HNSCC patients."}, {"asset": "source:pmid:35185897", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 1", "quote": "The prognostic signature was found to be related to the immune cell infiltration of HNSCC; it might help predict the responses and prognoses of ICIs during treatment."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "The constructed 12-gene m6A regulator-related prognostic signature distinguished HNSCC patient prognoses and was associated with immune-cell infiltration, while low-risk patients had higher objective response rates to immune checkpoint inhibitors.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:35185897"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. 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