Virulence Biomarkers of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus: A Proteomic Approach.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:35211137", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 5, "content_hash": "sha256:ac7b72d9a8dac04f7810d109bdd90ab15c40296f9965d660d2cba85e5b52405e", "created_at": "2026-11-01T17:36:58Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:05:58Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Virulence Biomarkers of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus: A Proteomic Approach.", "doi": "10.3389/fpls.2021.822289", "pmid": "35211137", "authors": ["Joana M S Cardoso", "Sandra I Anjo", "Bruno Manadas", "Hugo Silva", "Isabel Abrantes", "Katsunori Nakamura", "Luís Fonseca"], "journal": "Frontiers in plant science", "year": 2021, "abstract": "The pinewood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, one of the most serious forest pests worldwide, is considered the causal agent of the pine wilt disease (PWD). The main host species belong to the genus Pinus, and a variation in the susceptibility of several pine species to PWN infection is well-known. It is also recognized that there is variation in the virulence among B. xylophilus isolates. In the present study, we applied a quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomics approach to perform a deep characterization of proteomic changes across two B. xylophilus isolates with different virulence from different hosts and geographical origins. A total of 1,456 proteins were quantified and compared in the two isolates secretomes, and a total of 2,741 proteins were quantified and compared in the nematode proteomes in pine tree extract and fungus stimuli conditions. From the proteomic analyses, a group of proteins was selected and identified as potential virulence biomarkers and shed light on putative most pathogenic proteins of this plant-parasitic nematode. Proteomic data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD029377.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "A Mann-Whitney U test performed in InfernoRDN (version 1.1.5581.33355) (Polpitiya et al., 2008) was used in the case of the secretome samples. For the proteome analysis, a Kruskal–Wallis test was made to select the proteins, which were statistically different between all the comparisons, followed by the Dunn’s test of Multiple Comparisons, with Benjamini–Hochberg p-value adjustment, to determine in which comparisons statistical differences were found.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35211137", "locator": "sections[6] \"Protein Quantification by Sequential Windowed Acquisition of All Theoretical Mass Spectra\" paragraph 7", "quote": "A Mann-Whitney U test performed in InfernoRDN (version 1.1.5581.33355) (Polpitiya et al., 2008) was used in the case of the secretome samples. For the proteome analysis, a Kruskal–Wallis test was made to select the proteins, which were statistically different between all the comparisons, followed by the Dunn’s test of Multiple Comparisons, with Benjamini–Hochberg p-value adjustment, to determine in which comparisons statistical differences were found."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "Proteomic analysis identified a group of proteins as potential virulence biomarkers and highlighted putative most pathogenic proteins of the pinewood nematode.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35211137", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 1", "quote": "From the proteomic analyses, a group of proteins was selected and identified as potential virulence biomarkers and shed light on putative most pathogenic proteins of this plant-parasitic nematode."}, {"asset": "source:pmid:35211137", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 1", "quote": "A total of 1,456 proteins were quantified and compared in the two isolates secretomes, and a total of 2,741 proteins were quantified and compared in the nematode proteomes in pine tree extract and fungus stimuli conditions."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "partial", "objective": "Proteomic analysis identified a group of proteins as potential virulence biomarkers and highlighted putative most pathogenic proteins of the pinewood nematode.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:35211137"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. 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