GGT5 Is an Independent Prognostic Biomarker in Stomach Adenocarcinoma.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:35257007", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 5, "content_hash": "sha256:26f8505adafd6a000b2920c410e87585ef0309672265abae05891e8f977a327d", "created_at": "2026-11-01T18:14:02Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:48:37Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "GGT5 Is an Independent Prognostic Biomarker in Stomach Adenocarcinoma.", "doi": "10.1155/2022/9983351", "pmid": "35257007", "authors": ["Yong Huang", "HaiLang Zhou", "Junwei Zou", "Dong Wang"], "journal": "Canadian journal of gastroenterology & hepatology", "year": 2022, "abstract": "Gastric cancer is one of the cancers with the highest incidence in the world. Gamma-glutamyltransferase 5 (GGT5) is expressed in different cancers and its role in cancers remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the value of GGT5 in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD). In TCGA, patients with high GGT5 expression had poor overall survival (P=0.006). Based on GSE62254, high expression of GGT5 was associated with poor OS (P=0.014) and PFS (P=0.042). The same result was observed in GSE14210. We further discovered that GGT5 expression was associated with stage, grade, and T stage. Further prognostic analysis of GGT5 showed that GGT5 was associated with prognosis in both univariate analysis (P=0.032) and multivariate analysis (P=0.029). We used gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to explore the possible mechanism of GGT5. GSEA suggests that overexpression of GGT5 may be involved in leukocyte transendothelial migration, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and melanoma. The high-expression GGT5 group had higher concentrations of M2 macrophages, T cell regulators, and monocytes, but the contents of plasma cells and M1 macrophages were higher in the low-expression GGT5 group. The results showed that the ESTIMATEScore, ImmuneScore, and StromalScore of the high-expression GGT5 group were higher than those of the low-expression GGT5 group. PD1 and CTLA4 expression levels were higher in the high-expression GGT5 group. The high-expression GGT5 group may be more effective for immunotherapy. These results suggested that GGT5 could be a potential prognostic molecular predictor in STAD.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "We used Kaplan-Meier Plotter to perform survival analysis based on gene expression level and hypothesis assessment using the log-rank test.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35257007", "locator": "sections[7] \"2.5. Survival Analysis\" paragraph 2", "quote": "We used Kaplan-Meier Plotter to perform survival analysis based on gene expression level and hypothesis assessment using the log-rank test."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The data of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request. The gene expression profile is based on TCGA and GEO data sets.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35257007", "locator": "sections[25] \"Data Availability\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The data of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request. The gene expression profile is based on TCGA and GEO data sets."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "In TCGA, patients with high GGT5 expression had poor overall survival (P=0.006).", "kind": "quantitative", "target": {"value": 0.006, "unit": "p-value", "tolerance": null, "source": "In TCGA, patients with high GGT5 expression had poor overall survival (P=0.006)."}, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35257007", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 1", "quote": "In TCGA, patients with high GGT5 expression had poor overall survival (P=0.006)."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "In TCGA, patients with high GGT5 expression had poor overall survival (P=0.006).", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:35257007"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE13861"], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE13861"], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": []}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:35257007", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9983351", "sha256": "sha256:24a5357ad07ac6e18e39993e388d049a484dcab673c7d9ecedbf32ceba966123", "bytes": 39086, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "10.1155/2022/9983351", "version": null, "note": "Full article fetched from PMC; the checksum covers the rendered section body, not the original XML bytes.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC8898138", "source": "europe_pmc_fulltext", "coverage": "whole_body", "text_hash_scope": "rendered_section_body"}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE13861", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE13861", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE13861", "version": null, "note": "The data of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request. 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