Investigating the Functional Role of Hypothetical Proteins From an Antarctic Bacterium Pseudomonas sp. Lz4W: Emphasis on Identifying Proteins Involved in Cold Adaptation.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:35360867", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 4, "content_hash": "sha256:6c81e0e980990dd6625e483bc36b87ecf144d688a06dd6472ebfbe09e0294986", "created_at": "2026-11-01T18:14:10Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:06:13Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Investigating the Functional Role of Hypothetical Proteins From an Antarctic Bacterium Pseudomonas sp. Lz4W: Emphasis on Identifying Proteins Involved in Cold Adaptation.", "doi": "10.3389/fgene.2022.825269", "pmid": "35360867", "authors": ["Johny Ijaq", "Deepika Chandra", "Malay Kumar Ray", "M V Jagannadham"], "journal": "Frontiers in genetics", "year": 2022, "abstract": "Exploring the molecular mechanisms behind bacterial adaptation to extreme temperatures has potential biotechnological applications. In the present study, Pseudomonas sp. Lz4W, a Gram-negative psychrophilic bacterium adapted to survive in Antarctica, was selected to decipher the molecular mechanism underlying the cold adaptation. Proteome analysis of the isolates grown at 4°C was performed to identify the proteins and pathways that are responsible for the adaptation. However, many proteins from the expressed proteome were found to be hypothetical proteins (HPs), whose function is unknown. Investigating the functional roles of these proteins may provide additional information in the biological understanding of the bacterial cold adaptation. Thus, our study aimed to assign functions to these HPs and understand their role at the molecular level. We used a structured insilico workflow combining different bioinformatics tools and databases for functional annotation. Pseudomonas sp. Lz4W genome (CP017432, version 1) contains 4493 genes and 4412 coding sequences (CDS), of which 743 CDS were annotated as HPs. Of these, from the proteome analysis, 61 HPs were found to be expressed consistently at the protein level. The amino acid sequences of these 61 HPs were submitted to our workflow and we could successfully assign a function to 18 HPs. Most of these proteins were predicted to be involved in biological mechanisms of cold adaptations such as peptidoglycan metabolism, cell wall organization, ATP hydrolysis, outer membrane fluidity, catalysis, and others. This study provided a better understanding of the functional significance of HPs in cold adaptation of Pseudomonas sp. Lz4W. Our approach emphasizes the importance of addressing the \"hypothetical protein problem\" for a thorough understanding of mechanisms at the cellular level, as well as, provided the assessment of integrating proteomics methods with various annotation and curation approaches to characterize hypothetical or uncharacterized protein data. The MS proteomics data generated from this study has been deposited to the ProteomeXchange through PRIDE with the dataset identifier-PXD029741.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found in the article/ Supplementary Material- MS Proteomics data is available on PRIDE and can be accessed under the ID: PXD029741.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35360867", "locator": "sections[26] \"Data Availability Statement\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found in the article/ Supplementary Material- MS Proteomics data is available on PRIDE and can be accessed under the ID: PXD029741."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "The amino acid sequences of the 61 expressed hypothetical proteins were submitted to a structured in silico workflow, allowing functions to be assigned to 18 hypothetical proteins.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35360867", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 1", "quote": "The amino acid sequences of these 61 HPs were submitted to our workflow and we could successfully assign a function to 18 HPs."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "The amino acid sequences of the 61 expressed hypothetical proteins were submitted to a structured in silico workflow, allowing functions to be assigned to 18 hypothetical proteins.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:35360867"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. 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The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found in the article/ Supplementary Material- MS Proteomics data is available on PRIDE and can be accessed under the ID: PXD029741.", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found in the article/ Supplementary Material- MS Proteomics data is available on PRIDE and can be accessed under the ID: PXD029741.", "access_statement_kind": "data_availability_statement", "sample_accessions": [], "sample_count": null, "group_sizes": null, "group_sizes_basis": null, "platform": null, "taxon": null, "title": "Proteomic study at low and optimum temperature in Pseudomonas sp. 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