Autophagy Induced by BCL2-Related ceRNA Network Participates in the Occurrence of COPD.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:35431545", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 4, "content_hash": "sha256:c2530b5d6970348a4a73737cd963baf3148e11ad20e30fc6b6ab03c9b416c3c1", "created_at": "2026-11-01T18:14:15Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:06:18Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Autophagy Induced by BCL2-Related ceRNA Network Participates in the Occurrence of COPD.", "doi": "10.2147/COPD.S347733", "pmid": "35431545", "authors": ["Zhuang-E Shi", "Meng-Yu Zhang", "Jian-Yu Liu", "Wen-Di Zhang", "Dong-Mei Hu", "Qing-Xiang Wang", "Xiu-Li Ji", "Yuan-Yuan Jiang", "Yi-Qing Qu"], "journal": "International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease", "year": 2022, "abstract": "Purpose: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a predominant cause of mortality worldwide. Autophagy, which depends on a lysosomal degradation pathway, plays an essential role in the occurrence of COPD. The aim of our study was to identify the potential function of autophagy and construct a BCL2-related competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network that induces autophagy in COPD.\nMethods: Blood sample data from GSE31568, GSE24709, and GSE61741 were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed miRNAs in COPD and controls were identified via GEO2R. Transcription factors were obtained from FunRich. DIANA, miRDB, miRTarBase, and TargetScan were used to predict target genes of miRNAs. Autophagy genes were collected from the Human Autophagy Database (HADb). The GSE151052 dataset was used to identify autophagy-related differentially expressed genes in tissues. Functional enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses were conducted via Metascape and the STRING network. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between autophagy-related differentially expressed genes and lung function. The BCL2-related ceRNA network was modeled by Cytoscape.\nResults: We obtained 41 differentially expressed miRNAs and 10 significantly different transcription factors. We identified 19 autophagy-related differentially expressed genes that were significantly different (P<0.05) in tissue samples. The most significant enrichment in Metascape was an autophagy item, which further confirmed autophagy participation in the occurrence of COPD. PPI network analysis found four genes (BCL2, BECN1, MAPK8, and ITPR1), among which BCL2 was correlated with both FEV1/FVC and FEV1 prediction. Finally, the BCL2-related ceRNA network was constructed to clarify the interaction of RNAs and occurrence of autophagy, including 18 miRNAs and 65 lncRNAs.\nConclusion: We identified 19 autophagy-related differentially expressed genes that participated in COPD; among them, BCL2 was correlated with lung function, and a BCL2-related ceRNA network was constructed, which further revealed the potential mechanism of autophagy involvement in COPD.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "Spearman analysis was applied to analyze the correlation between gene expression and lung function using SPSS 24.0.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35431545", "locator": "sections[8] \"Statistical Analysis\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Spearman analysis was applied to analyze the correlation between gene expression and lung function using SPSS 24.0."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "MiRNAs, genes and lung function data were downloaded from GEO database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov). Autophagy genes were obtained from Human Autophagy Database (HADb; http://www.autophagy.lu).", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35431545", "locator": "sections[19] \"Data Sharing Statement\" paragraph 2", "quote": "MiRNAs, genes and lung function data were downloaded from GEO database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov). Autophagy genes were obtained from Human Autophagy Database (HADb; http://www.autophagy.lu)."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "BCL2 expression was significantly correlated with FEV1/FVC (P = 0.008) and FEV1 prediction (P < 0.001) in COPD.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35431545", "locator": "sections[14] \"Associations of BCL2, BECN1, MAPK8, and ITPR1 Expression Levels with Lung Function\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Spearman analysis results suggested that the expression level of BCL2 was related to FEV1/FVC (P = 0.008) and FEV1 predict (P < 0.001)."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "BCL2 expression was significantly correlated with FEV1/FVC (P = 0.008) and FEV1 prediction (P < 0.001) in COPD.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:35431545"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE71220"], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE71220"], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": []}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:35431545", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.2147/COPD.S347733", "sha256": "sha256:2c5e51549da630b81ca210ea29a24f3dd40cadb1c2c6922b548687f6e6681705", "bytes": 30901, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "10.2147/COPD.S347733", "version": null, "note": "Full article fetched from PMC; the checksum covers the rendered section body, not the original XML bytes.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC9005473", "source": "europe_pmc_fulltext", "coverage": "whole_body_without_references", "text_hash_scope": "rendered_section_body"}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE71220", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE71220", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE71220", "version": null, "note": "MiRNAs, genes and lung function data were downloaded from GEO database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov). Autophagy genes were obtained from Human Autophagy Database (HADb; http://www.autophagy.lu).", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "MiRNAs, genes and lung function data were downloaded from GEO database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov). 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