Effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets of nerve-immunity interaction in the treatment of depression: an integrated investigation of the miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:35468096", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 5, "content_hash": "sha256:4f390d15a81222fd9e19a642cf0b747c6df04c5df45935d1af4a9f509f4b50e4", "created_at": "2026-11-01T18:14:20Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:48:55Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets of nerve-immunity interaction in the treatment of depression: an integrated investigation of the miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks.", "doi": "10.18632/aging.204030", "pmid": "35468096", "authors": ["Zixuan Wu", "Zhixiang Cai", "Hongshuo Shi", "Xuyan Huang", "Minjie Cai", "Kai Yuan", "Peidong Huang", "Guoqi Shi", "Tao Yan", "Zhichao Li"], "journal": "Aging", "year": 2022, "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is an emotional condition that interferes with sufferers' work and daily life. Numerous studies have found that miRNAs play a significant role in the development of MDD and can be utilized as a biomarker for its diagnosis and therapy. However, there have been few studies on nerve-immunity interaction treatment for the brains of MMD patients.\nMETHODS: The work is performed on microarray data. We analyzed the differences of miRNAs (GSE58105, GSE81152, GSE152267, and GSE182194) and mRNA (GSE19738, GSE32280, GSE44593, GSE53987, and GSE98793) in MDD and healthy samples from GEO datasets. FunRich was used to predict the transcription factors and target genes of the miRNAs, and TF and GO enrichment analyses were performed. Then, by comparing the differential expression of the anticipated target genes and five mRNAs, intersecting mRNAs were discovered. The intersecting genes were submitted to GO and KEGG analyses to determine their functions. These intersecting potential genes and pathways that linked to MDD in neurological and immunological aspects have been identified for future investigation.\nRESULTS: We discovered five hub genes: KCND2, MYT1L, GJA1, CHL1, and SNAP25, which were all up-regulated genes. However, in MMD, the equivalent miRNAs, hsa-miR-206 and hsa-miR-338-3p, were both down-regulated. These miRNAs can activate or inhibit the T cell receptor signal pathway, JAK-STAT and other signal pathways, govern immune-inflammatory response, neuronal remodeling, and mediate the onset and development of MMD Conclusions: The results of a thorough bioinformatics investigation of miRNAs and mRNAs in MDD showed that miR-338-3P and miR-206 might be effective biomarkers and possible therapeutic targets for the treatment of MDD via nerve-immunity interaction.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "Genes acquired by the Limma software were determined to be significantly differentially expressed miRNAs using the corrected miRNA chip dataset and log2 (fold change) >2 or log2 (fold change) <−2 as screening thresholds (DE-miRNAs).", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35468096", "locator": "sections[3] \"Data processing of DE-miRNAs\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Genes acquired by the Limma software were determined to be significantly differentially expressed miRNAs using the corrected miRNA chip dataset and log2 (fold change) >2 or log2 (fold change) <−2 as screening thresholds (DE-miRNAs)."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the [GEO] repository, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/. The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from Supplementary.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35468096", "locator": "sections[10] \"Data availability statement\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the [GEO] repository, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/. The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from Supplementary."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "The integrated analysis identified 34 DE-miRNAs and 386 DE-mRNAs in MDD and healthy-control datasets.", "kind": "quantitative", "target": {"value": 0.05, "unit": "p-value", "tolerance": null, "source": "The combined dataset of 42 healthy people and 88 MMD patients revealed 34 DE-miRNAs (20 up-regulated and 14 down-regulated), following the screening with P < 0.05 and log2 (fold change) ≥2."}, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35468096", "locator": "sections[14] \"Identification of DE-miRNAs and DE-mRNAs\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The combined dataset of 42 healthy people and 88 MMD patients revealed 34 DE-miRNAs (20 up-regulated and 14 down-regulated), following the screening with P < 0.05 and log2 (fold change) ≥2."}, {"asset": "source:pmid:35468096", "locator": "sections[14] \"Identification of DE-miRNAs and DE-mRNAs\" paragraph 2", "quote": "A total of 386 DE-mRNAs were identified after screening with P < 0.05 and log2(fold change) ≥2 (181up-regulated and 205 down-regulated)."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "The integrated analysis identified 34 DE-miRNAs and 386 DE-mRNAs in MDD and healthy-control datasets.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:35468096"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE152267"], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE152267"], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": []}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:35468096", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204030", "sha256": "sha256:5a8cff7eb862c5dca49235559b6a0dbd40eec61854471c385f5aa9a8c0b87b43", "bytes": 40010, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "10.18632/aging.204030", "version": null, "note": "Full article fetched from PMC; the checksum covers the rendered section body, not the original XML bytes.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC9085226", "source": "europe_pmc_fulltext", "coverage": "whole_body_without_references", "text_hash_scope": "rendered_section_body"}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE152267", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE152267", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE152267", "version": null, "note": "The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the [GEO] repository, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/. The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from Supplementary.", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the [GEO] repository, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/. 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The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from Supplementary.", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the [GEO] repository, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/. 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