Platelet Activating Factor Receptor Exaggerates Microglia-Mediated Microenvironment by IL10-STAT3 Signaling: A Novel Potential Biomarker and Target for Diagnosis and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:35572136", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 5, "content_hash": "sha256:15c11b3b9128a05ef509616dc269eaa291e107297d7b953c90db87d679e6f9f4", "created_at": "2026-11-01T18:14:28Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:49:04Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Platelet Activating Factor Receptor Exaggerates Microglia-Mediated Microenvironment by IL10-STAT3 Signaling: A Novel Potential Biomarker and Target for Diagnosis and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.", "doi": "10.3389/fnagi.2022.856628", "pmid": "35572136", "authors": ["Junxiu Liu", "Linchi Jiao", "Xin Zhong", "Weifan Yao", "Ke Du", "Senxu Lu", "Yuqiang Wu", "Tianxin Ma", "Junhui Tong", "Mingyue Xu", "Wenjuan Jiang", "Yubao Wang", "Miao He", "Wei Xin", "Mingyan Liu"], "journal": "Frontiers in aging neuroscience", "year": 2022, "abstract": "Background: Early diagnosis and effective intervention are the keys to delaying the progression of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Therefore, we aimed to identify new biomarkers for the early diagnosis of AD through bioinformatic analysis and elucidate the possible underlying mechanisms.\nMethods and Results: GSE1297, GSE63063, and GSE110226 datasets from the GEO database were used to screen the highly differentially expressed genes. We identified a potential biomarker, Platelet activating factor receptor (PTAFR), significantly upregulated in the brain tissue, peripheral blood, and cerebrospinal fluid of AD patients. Furthermore, PTAFR levels in the plasma and brain tissues of APP/PS1 mice were significantly elevated. Simultaneously, PTAFR could mediate the inflammatory responses to exaggerate the microenvironment, particularly mediated by the microglia through the IL10-STAT3 pathway. In addition, PTAFR was a putative target of anti-AD compounds, including EGCG, donepezil, curcumin, memantine, and Huperzine A.\nConclusion: PTAFR was a potential biomarker for early AD diagnosis and treatment which correlated with the microglia-mediated microenvironment. It is an important putative target for the development of a novel strategy for clinical treatment and drug discovery for AD.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "Differences between groups were evaluated by one-way analysis of variance.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35572136", "locator": "sections[15] \"Statistical Analysis\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Differences between groups were evaluated by one-way analysis of variance."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/Supplementary Material, further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding authors.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35572136", "locator": "sections[23] \"Data Availability Statement\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/Supplementary Material, further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding authors."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "PTAFR was a potential biomarker for early AD diagnosis and treatment which correlated with the microglia-mediated microenvironment.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35572136", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 3", "quote": "PTAFR was a potential biomarker for early AD diagnosis and treatment which correlated with the microglia-mediated microenvironment."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "PTAFR was a potential biomarker for early AD diagnosis and treatment which correlated with the microglia-mediated microenvironment.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:35572136"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE110226"], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE110226"], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": []}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:35572136", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2022.856628", "sha256": 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Simultaneously, PTAF", "Samples and Blood Samples Collection C57BL/6 mice were obtained from the Experimental Animal Center", "ty (Shenyang, China), and APP/PS1 transgenic mice were obtained from Jackson laboratory (Maine, USA", "our experiment are BV2, SH-SY5Y, and SVGp12. Mouse-derived microglial BV2 cells and human-deriv"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:842", "id": "assay:1"}, {"role": "data_generation", "definition_id": "western_blot", "definition_version": "99e1195c7d6f", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "partial", "source_hashes": {"assay_lexicon": "99e1195c7d6f"}, "confidence": 0.93, "evidence": ["l., 2016). The right hemisphere was used for Western Blotting, while the left hemisphere was immersed in p"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:2436", "id": "assay:2"}, {"role": "data_generation", "definition_id": "ihc", "definition_version": "99e1195c7d6f", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "partial", "source_hashes": {"assay_lexicon": "99e1195c7d6f"}, "confidence": 0.93, "evidence": ["isphere was immersed in paraformaldehyde for immunofluorescence staining. Blood was obtained from the orbit."], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:2517", "id": "assay:3"}, {"role": "data_generation", "definition_id": "cell_culture", "definition_version": "99e1195c7d6f", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "partial", "source_hashes": {"assay_lexicon": "99e1195c7d6f"}, "confidence": 0.99, "evidence": ["jing, China). Both BV2 and SVGp12 cells were cultured in DMEM medium (Invitrogen, Chicago, IL, United", ", IL, United States), and SH-SY5Y cells were cultured in DMEM/F12 medium (Invitrogen, Chicago, IL, Un", "re The cells used in our experiment are BV2, SH-SY5Y, and SVGp12. Mouse-derived microglial BV2 ce", "al BV2 cells and human-derived neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were purchased from the Institute of B"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:2782", "id": "assay:4"}, {"role": "analysis", "definition_id": "group_comparison", "definition_version": "f2132e96ae6c7a4e", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": ["group_summary", "welch_t", "bootstrap_mean_difference", "group_comparison_anova"], "support_state": "supported", "source_hashes": {"dsl_catalogue": "f2132e96ae6c7a4e"}, "confidence": 1.0, "evidence": ["Differences between groups were evaluated by one-way analysis of variance."], "order_basis": "consumes_earlier_output", "id": "assay:5"}]}