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pmid:35769488

Single-Cell Sequencing Analysis and Multiple Machine Learning Methods Identified G0S2 and HPSE as Novel Biomarkers for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm.

Tao Xiong · Xiao-Shuo Lv · Gu-Jie Wu · Yao-Xing Guo · Chang Liu · Fang-Xia Hou · Jun-Kui Wang · Yi-Fan Fu · Fu-Qiang Liu

Frontiers in immunology · 2022 doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.907309

Paper

complete

Experiment

complete

Data

partial

Analysis

partial

Execution

absent

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Record details sci_version · id · kind · revision · content_hash · schema · created_at · updated_at · generator
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title
Single-Cell Sequencing Analysis and Multiple Machine Learning Methods Identified G0S2 and HPSE as Novel Biomarkers for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm.
doi
10.3389/fimmu.2022.907309
pmid
35769488
authors array · 9 items
[0]
Tao Xiong
[1]
Xiao-Shuo Lv
[2]
Gu-Jie Wu
[3]
Yao-Xing Guo
[4]
Chang Liu
[5]
Fang-Xia Hou
[6]
Jun-Kui Wang
[7]
Yi-Fan Fu
[8]
Fu-Qiang Liu
journal
Frontiers in immunology
year
2022
abstract
Identifying biomarkers for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) is key to understanding their pathogenesis, developing novel targeted therapeutics, and possibly improving patients outcomes and risk of rupture. Here, we identified AAA biomarkers from public databases using single-cell RNA-sequencing, weighted co-expression network (WGCNA), and differential expression analyses. Additionally, we used the multiple machine learning methods to identify biomarkers that differentiated large AAA from small AAA. Biomarkers were validated using GEO datasets. CIBERSORT was used to assess immune cell infiltration into AAA tissues and investigate the relationship between biomarkers and infiltrating immune cells. Therefore, 288 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened for AAA and normal samples. The identified DEGs were mostly related to inflammatory responses, lipids, and atherosclerosis. For the large and small AAA samples, 17 DEGs, mostly related to necroptosis, were screened. As biomarkers for AAA, G0/G1 switch 2 (G0S2) (Area under the curve [AUC] = 0.861, 0.875, and 0.911, in GSE57691, GSE47472, and GSE7284, respectively) and for large AAA, heparinase (HPSE) (AUC = 0.669 and 0.754, in GSE57691 and GSE98278, respectively) were identified and further verified by qRT-PCR. Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed that the AAA process may be mediated by T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and the large AAA process may also be mediated by Tfh cells, M1, and M2 macrophages. Additionally, G0S2 expression was associated with neutrophils, activated and resting mast cells, M0 and M1 macrophages, regulatory T cells (Tregs), resting dendritic cells, and resting CD4 memory T cells. Moreover, HPSE expression was associated with M0 and M1 macrophages, activated and resting mast cells, Tregs, and resting CD4 memory T cells. Additional, G0S2 may be an effective diagnostic biomarker for AAA, whereas HPSE may be used to confer risk of rupture in large AAAs. Immune cells play a role in the onset and progression of AAA, which may improve its diagnosis and treatment.
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This was performed using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to establish the biomarkers’ predictive ability.
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sections[10] "Screening and Verification of Diagnostic Markers Between Normal and AAA" paragraph 2
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This was performed using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to establish the biomarkers’ predictive ability.
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sections[29] "Data Availability Statement" paragraph 2
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The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found in the article/ Supplementary Material .
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As biomarkers for AAA, G0/G1 switch 2 (G0S2) (Area under the curve [AUC] = 0.861, 0.875, and 0.911, in GSE57691, GSE47472, and GSE7284, respectively) and for large AAA, heparinase (HPSE) (AUC = 0.669 and 0.754, in GSE57691 and GSE98278, respectively) were identified and further verified by qRT-PCR.
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As biomarkers for AAA, G0/G1 switch 2 (G0S2) (Area under the curve [AUC] = 0.861, 0.875, and 0.911, in GSE57691, GSE47472, and GSE7284, respectively) and for large AAA, heparinase (HPSE) (AUC = 0.669 and 0.754, in GSE57691 and GSE98278, respectively) were identified and further verified by qRT-PCR.
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sections[0] "Abstract" paragraph 1
quote
As biomarkers for AAA, G0/G1 switch 2 (G0S2) (Area under the curve [AUC] = 0.861, 0.875, and 0.911, in GSE57691, GSE47472, and GSE7284, respectively) and for large AAA, heparinase (HPSE) (AUC = 0.669 and 0.754, in GSE57691 and GSE98278, respectively) were identified and further verified by qRT-PCR.
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sections[22] "Identification of G0S2 in AAA" paragraph 2
quote
A key gene, G0S2, was identified at this intersection, suggesting that this gene may be involved in AAA development.
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As biomarkers for AAA, G0/G1 switch 2 (G0S2) (Area under the curve [AUC] = 0.861, 0.875, and 0.911, in GSE57691, GSE47472, and GSE7284, respectively) and for large AAA, heparinase (HPSE) (AUC = 0.669 and 0.754, in GSE57691 and GSE98278, respectively) were identified and further verified by qRT-PCR.
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Single Cell Profiling Identifies the Histone Demethylase, JMJD3, Modulates Macrophage Phenotype in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Formation
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Differential gene expression in the proximal neck of human abdominal aortic aneurysm
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Differential gene expression in human abdominal aortic aneurysm and atherosclerosis
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Expression data from the abdominal aorta and abdominal aortic aneurysm
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profiling of midbrain from arthritic DBA/1 mice vs. control DBA/1 mice
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This was performed using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to establish the biomarkers’ predictive ability.
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The published estimate as the reader quoted it from the paper. No tolerance is published because the paper states none.
gaps array · 1 item
[0]
method.reader_named_unmapped
capability object · 3 fields
state
complete
requirements array · 1 item
[0] object · 6 fields
capability_id
capability:computational_analysis
label
Computational analysis platform
assay_families array · 9 items
[0]
meta_analysis
[1]
machine_learning
[2]
survival_analysis
[3]
statistical_regression
[4]
pca
[5]
molecular_docking
[6]
network_analysis
[7]
differential_expression
[8]
gwas
candidate
Automated Assays Laravel application and simulated adapters
gaps array · 0 items
readiness object · 8 fields
state
complete
tier
R1
blocked_on
nothing:replicable_now
axes object · 3 fields
method object · 5 fields
tier
R1
expressible
true
required_operations array · 1 item
[0]
pathway_enrich
missing_operations array · 0 items
basis
The paper names the method it used and the corpus's method extractor maps it onto the DSL catalogue: pathway_enrichment.
capability object · 4 fields
tier
R1
capability_id
capability:computational_analysis
availability_state
owned
basis
The computational analysis is owned. The physical bench the paper used is not, so a physical validation cannot be run here.
data object · 6 fields
tier
R1
reachable
true
accessions array · 6 items
[0]
GSE7084
[1]
GSE47472
[2]
GSE57691
[3]
GSE98278
[4]
GSE166676
[5]
GSE7284
resolved_accessions array · 6 items
[0]
GSE7084
[1]
GSE47472
[2]
GSE57691
[3]
GSE98278
[4]
GSE166676
[5]
GSE7284
statements array · 1 item
[0]
The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found in the article/ Supplementary Material .
basis
The paper names GSE7084, GSE47472, GSE57691, GSE98278, GSE166676, GSE7284 in GEO and the accession resolves in the repository. No dataset was downloaded and no licence was read.
can_run object · 3 fields
dsl_operations array · 1 item
[0]
pathway_enrich
assets array · 2 items
[0]
source:pmid:35769488
[1]
data:geo:GSE166676
steps array · 1 item
[0]
run_analysis
must_build object · 5 fields
dsl_operations array · 0 items
converters array · 0 items
readers array · 0 items
capabilities array · 0 items
data_gaps array · 1 item
[0]
data:geo:GSE166676
gaps array · 0 items
review object · 5 fields
state
partial
machine_critique object · 5 fields
kind
extraction_review
reader object · 5 fields
model
MiniMax-M3.1-Flash
provider
minimax
provider_family
minimax
read_at
2026-11-01T17:53:05Z
independence
single_reader
evidence_check object · 2 fields
method
verbatim
availability
verbatim
calls
5
usage object · 3 fields
prompt_tokens
14886
completion_tokens
2713
cached_tokens
128
stages array · 1 item
[0] object · 4 fields
id
extraction
state
complete
reader
MiniMax-M3.1-Flash
provider
minimax
gaps array · 3 items
[0]
review.independent_reader
[1]
review.machine_critique
[2]
review.human_critique
execution object · 5 fields
state
absent
status
not_run
mode
null
runs array · 0 items
gaps array · 1 item
[0]
execution.not_run
provenance object · 7 fields
entities array · 3 items
[0] object · 3 fields
id
pmid:35769488
type
paper
label
pmid:35769488
[1] object · 3 fields
id
source:pmid:35769488
type
manuscript
label
PMID 35769488 full text
[2] object · 3 fields
id
data:geo:GSE166676
type
dataset
label
GEO GSE166676
activities array · 3 items
[0] object · 4 fields
id
activity-reading-sci-2026-11-01
type
classification
used array · 3 items
[0] object · 3 fields
id
pmid:35769488
type
paper
label
pmid:35769488
[1] object · 3 fields
id
source:pmid:35769488
type
manuscript
label
PMID 35769488 full text
[2] object · 3 fields
id
data:geo:GSE166676
type
dataset
label
GEO GSE166676
agent
agent:corpus-assay-engine
[1] object · 4 fields
id
activity-read-35769488
type
extraction
used array · 1 item
[0]
source:pmid:35769488
agent
agent:minimax-reader
[2] object · 4 fields
id
activity-resolve-GSE166676
type
accession_resolution
used array · 1 item
[0]
data:geo:GSE166676
agent
agent:corpus-assay-engine
agents array · 2 items
[0] object · 3 fields
id
agent:corpus-assay-engine
type
software
label
Corpus assay engine
[1] object · 3 fields
id
agent:minimax-reader
type
software
label
MiniMax literature reader
source_run_id
reading-sci-2026-11-01
dsl_catalogue_fingerprint
343fb30756ba6ec3
capability_table_fingerprint
2cb3e42f047d2ecf
snapshot_id
ba34b49490d9bfaf
lineage object · 4 fields
parent_id
pmid:35769488
parent_hash
sha256:7dbc4c23d11f34b1cdebd428edd592c6c8b9fbb17f0511e1bca31ceb43594dee
fork_of
null
gaps array · 17 items
[0]
asset:data:geo:GSE166676 licence not read
[1]
asset:data:geo:GSE166676 not downloaded
[2]
asset:data:geo:GSE47472 licence not read
[3]
asset:data:geo:GSE47472 not downloaded
[4]
asset:data:geo:GSE57691 licence not read
[5]
asset:data:geo:GSE57691 not downloaded
[6]
asset:data:geo:GSE7084 licence not read
[7]
asset:data:geo:GSE7084 not downloaded
[8]
asset:data:geo:GSE7284 licence not read
[9]
asset:data:geo:GSE7284 not downloaded
[10]
asset:data:geo:GSE98278 licence not read
[11]
asset:data:geo:GSE98278 not downloaded
[12]
execution.not_run
[13]
method.reader_named_unmapped
[14]
review.human_critique
[15]
review.independent_reader
[16]
review.machine_critique
assays array · 1 item
[0] object · 11 fields
role
analysis
definition_id
network_analysis
definition_version
f2132e96ae6c7a4e
required_operations array · 1 item
[0]
pathway_enrich
support_state
supported
source_hashes object · 1 field
dsl_catalogue
f2132e96ae6c7a4e
evidence array · 1 item
[0]
Pathway Enrichment
order_basis
analysis_only
id
assay:1
Complete file
{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:35769488", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 4, "content_hash": "sha256:d21fc5bf8caead0a798696916b22a7ca1f8f5f275dbec41652137b174c576303", "created_at": "2026-11-01T18:14:48Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:06:54Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Single-Cell Sequencing Analysis and Multiple Machine Learning Methods Identified G0S2 and HPSE as Novel Biomarkers for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm.", "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2022.907309", "pmid": "35769488", "authors": ["Tao Xiong", "Xiao-Shuo Lv", "Gu-Jie Wu", "Yao-Xing Guo", "Chang Liu", "Fang-Xia Hou", "Jun-Kui Wang", "Yi-Fan Fu", "Fu-Qiang Liu"], "journal": "Frontiers in immunology", "year": 2022, "abstract": "Identifying biomarkers for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) is key to understanding their pathogenesis, developing novel targeted therapeutics, and possibly improving patients outcomes and risk of rupture. Here, we identified AAA biomarkers from public databases using single-cell RNA-sequencing, weighted co-expression network (WGCNA), and differential expression analyses. Additionally, we used the multiple machine learning methods to identify biomarkers that differentiated large AAA from small AAA. Biomarkers were validated using GEO datasets. CIBERSORT was used to assess immune cell infiltration into AAA tissues and investigate the relationship between biomarkers and infiltrating immune cells. Therefore, 288 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened for AAA and normal samples. The identified DEGs were mostly related to inflammatory responses, lipids, and atherosclerosis. For the large and small AAA samples, 17 DEGs, mostly related to necroptosis, were screened. As biomarkers for AAA, G0/G1 switch 2 (G0S2) (Area under the curve [AUC] = 0.861, 0.875, and 0.911, in GSE57691, GSE47472, and GSE7284, respectively) and for large AAA, heparinase (HPSE) (AUC = 0.669 and 0.754, in GSE57691 and GSE98278, respectively) were identified and further verified by qRT-PCR. Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed that the AAA process may be mediated by T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and the large AAA process may also be mediated by Tfh cells, M1, and M2 macrophages. Additionally, G0S2 expression was associated with neutrophils, activated and resting mast cells, M0 and M1 macrophages, regulatory T cells (Tregs), resting dendritic cells, and resting CD4 memory T cells. Moreover, HPSE expression was associated with M0 and M1 macrophages, activated and resting mast cells, Tregs, and resting CD4 memory T cells. Additional, G0S2 may be an effective diagnostic biomarker for AAA, whereas HPSE may be used to confer risk of rupture in large AAAs. Immune cells play a role in the onset and progression of AAA, which may improve its diagnosis and treatment.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "This was performed using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to establish the biomarkers’ predictive ability.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35769488", "locator": "sections[10] \"Screening and Verification of Diagnostic Markers Between Normal and AAA\" paragraph 2", "quote": "This was performed using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to establish the biomarkers’ predictive ability."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found in the article/ Supplementary Material .", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35769488", "locator": "sections[29] \"Data Availability Statement\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found in the article/ Supplementary Material ."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "As biomarkers for AAA, G0/G1 switch 2 (G0S2) (Area under the curve [AUC] = 0.861, 0.875, and 0.911, in GSE57691, GSE47472, and GSE7284, respectively) and for large AAA, heparinase (HPSE) (AUC = 0.669 and 0.754, in GSE57691 and GSE98278, respectively) were identified and further verified by qRT-PCR.", "kind": "quantitative", "target": {"value": 0.669, "unit": "auc", "tolerance": null, "source": "As biomarkers for AAA, G0/G1 switch 2 (G0S2) (Area under the curve [AUC] = 0.861, 0.875, and 0.911, in GSE57691, GSE47472, and GSE7284, respectively) and for large AAA, heparinase (HPSE) (AUC = 0.669 and 0.754, in GSE57691 and GSE98278, respectively) were identified and further verified by qRT-PCR."}, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35769488", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 1", "quote": "As biomarkers for AAA, G0/G1 switch 2 (G0S2) (Area under the curve [AUC] = 0.861, 0.875, and 0.911, in GSE57691, GSE47472, and GSE7284, respectively) and for large AAA, heparinase (HPSE) (AUC = 0.669 and 0.754, in GSE57691 and GSE98278, respectively) were identified and further verified by qRT-PCR."}, {"asset": "source:pmid:35769488", "locator": "sections[22] \"Identification of G0S2 in AAA\" paragraph 2", "quote": "A key gene, G0S2, was identified at this intersection, suggesting that this gene may be involved in AAA development."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "As biomarkers for AAA, G0/G1 switch 2 (G0S2) (Area under the curve [AUC] = 0.861, 0.875, and 0.911, in GSE57691, GSE47472, and GSE7284, respectively) and for large AAA, heparinase (HPSE) (AUC = 0.669 and 0.754, in GSE57691 and GSE98278, respectively) were identified and further verified by qRT-PCR.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:35769488"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. 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