Proteins, possibly human, found in World War II concentration camp artifact.

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Often this quandary is resolved in favor of what can be verified, not what is remembered. However, with improving instrumentation, methods and informatic approaches, science can help uncover evidence able to reconcile memory and facts. Following World War II, thousands of small, cement-like disks with numbers impressed on one side were found at concentration camps throughout Europe. Survivors claimed these disks were made of human cremains; museums erred on the side of caution-without documentation of the claims, was it justifiable to present them as fact? The ability to detect species relevant biological material in these disks could help resolve this question. Proteomic mass spectrometry of five disks revealed all contained proteins, including collagens and hemoglobins, suggesting they were made, at least in part, of animal remains. A new protein/informatics approach to species identification showed that while human was not always identified as the top contributor, human was the most likely explanation for one disk. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of protein recovery from cremains. 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Proteomic mass spectrometry of five disks revealed all contained protein", "/MS grade (Fisher, Fairlawn NJ)Trypsin Gold, Mass Spectrometry Grade (Promega, Madison WI)Urea (Sigma, St.", "hese disks could help resolve this question. Proteomic mass spectrometry of five disks revealed all"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:934", "id": "assay:1"}]}