A Glycosyltransferase-Related Signature for Predicting Overall Survival in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:35899200", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 4, "content_hash": "sha256:57e2a539e867d98c2b3f57c2e9f789c19a91157c1caf25ac8468845d88ef1ae5", "created_at": "2026-11-01T18:14:59Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:07:09Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "A Glycosyltransferase-Related Signature for Predicting Overall Survival in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.", "doi": "10.3389/fgene.2022.856671", "pmid": "35899200", "authors": ["Huili Wu", "Xiao Zhao", "Tingting Zhu", "Di Rong", "Ying Wang", "Diya Leng", "Daming Wu"], "journal": "Frontiers in genetics", "year": 2022, "abstract": "Background: Here, we establish a prognostic signature based on glycosyltransferase-related genes (GTRGs) for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. Methods: The prognostic signature of GTRGs was constructed via univariate and multivariate Cox analyses after obtaining the expression patterns of GTRGs from the TCGA. A nomogram based on the signature and clinical parameters was established to predict the survival of each HNSCC patient. Potential mechanisms were explored through gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoints, immunotherapy, and tumor mutational burden (TMB) analyses. The expression differences and prognostic efficacy of the signature were verified through the gene expression omnibus (GEO) and several online databases. Results: The prognostic signature was constructed based on five glycosyltransferases (PYGL, ALG3, EXT2, FUT2, and KDELC1) and validated in the GSE65858 dataset. The pathways enriched in the high- and low-risk groups were significantly different. The high-risk group had higher tumor purity; lower infiltration of immune cells, such as CD8+ T cells and Tregs; higher cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) infiltration; lower immune function; and lower checkpoint expression. The signature can also be applied to distinguish whether patients benefit from immunotherapy. In addition, the high-risk group had a higher TMB and more gene mutations, including those in TP53, CSMD1, CDKN2A, and MUC17. Conclusion: We propose a prognostic signature based on glycosyltransferases for HNSCC patients that may provide potential targets and biomarkers for the precise treatment of HNSCC.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to screen genes associated with patient prognoses and construct a prognostic signature.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35899200", "locator": "sections[14] \"Construction of a Prognostic Signature\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to screen genes associated with patient prognoses and construct a prognostic signature."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/Supplementary Material; further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35899200", "locator": "sections[24] \"Data Availability Statement\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/Supplementary Material; further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "A five-gene glycosyltransferase prognostic signature was constructed for HNSCC and validated in the GSE65858 dataset.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35899200", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 3", "quote": "The prognostic signature was constructed based on five glycosyltransferases (PYGL, ALG3, EXT2, FUT2, and KDELC1) and validated in the GSE65858 dataset."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "A five-gene glycosyltransferase prognostic signature was constructed for HNSCC and validated in the GSE65858 dataset.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:35899200"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. 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