Bioinformatics Analysis of Competing Endogenous RNA Network and Immune Infiltration in Atrial Fibrillation.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:35919038", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 5, "content_hash": "sha256:3346fb42c09c7270f250559fec9e51a7a9bb9368dedf9ab18622b101ff39b66c", "created_at": "2026-11-01T18:15:00Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:49:42Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Bioinformatics Analysis of Competing Endogenous RNA Network and Immune Infiltration in Atrial Fibrillation.", "doi": "10.1155/2022/1415140", "pmid": "35919038", "authors": ["Xing Liu", "Ke Peng", "Guoqiang Zhong", "Mingxing Wu", "Lei Wang"], "journal": "Genetics research", "year": 2022, "abstract": "Background: There is still no clear understanding of the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). For this purpose, we used integrated analysis to uncover immune infiltration characteristics and investigated their relationship with competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in AF.\nMethods: Three AF mRNA data sets (GSE14975, GSE79768, and GSE41177) were integrated using the SVA method from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Together with AF circRNA data set (GSE129409) and miRNA data set (GSE70887) from GEO database, we built a ceRNA network. Then hub genes were screened by the Cytoscape plug-in cytoHubba from a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. As well, CIBERSORT was employed to investigate immune infiltration, followed by Pearson correlation coefficients to unravel the correlation between AF-related infiltrating immune cells and hub genes. Ulteriorly, circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory axises that could be immunologically related to AF were obtained.\nResults: Ten hub genes were identified from the constructing PPI network. The immune infiltration analysis revealed that the number of monocytes and neutrophils was higher, as well as the number of dendritic cells activated and T cells regulatory (Tregs) was lower in AF. Seven hub genes (C5AR1, CXCR4, HCK, LAPTM5, MPEG1, TLR8, and TNFSF13B) were associated with those 4 immune cells (P < 0.05). We found that the circ_0005299-miR-1246-C5AR1 and circRNA_0079284-miR-623-HCK/CXCR4 regulatory axises may be associated with the immune mechanism of AF.\nConclusion: The findings of our study provide insights into immuno-related ceRNA networks as potential molecular regulators of AF progression.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "In this study, DE mRNAs, DE miRNAs, and DE circRNAs were screened using the Limma package in R.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35919038", "locator": "sections[6] \"2.4. Identification of Differential Expression of circRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs\" paragraph 2", "quote": "In this study, DE mRNAs, DE miRNAs, and DE circRNAs were screened using the Limma package in R."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The data sets analyzed in this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35919038", "locator": "sections[25] \"Data Availability\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The data sets analyzed in this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:35919038"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE129409"], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE129409"], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": []}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:35919038", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1415140", "sha256": 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"GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "The data sets analyzed in this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.", "access_statement_kind": "data_availability_statement", "sample_accessions": ["GSM3712565", "GSM3712566", "GSM3712567", "GSM3712568", "GSM3712569", "GSM3712570"], "sample_count": 6, "group_sizes": null, "group_sizes_basis": null, "platform": "21825", "taxon": "Homo sapiens", "title": "The integrative regulatory network of circRNA, microRNA and mRNA in atrial fibrillation", "resolution_checked_at": "2026-11-01T17:30:42Z", "resolution_check": "identifier_resolution_only_no_download_no_licence_read", "downloaded": false, "licence_read": false}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE14975", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE14975", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE14975", "version": null, "note": "The data sets analyzed in this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "The data sets analyzed in this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.", "access_statement_kind": "data_availability_statement", "sample_accessions": ["GSM373956", "GSM373957", "GSM373958", "GSM373959", "GSM373960", "GSM373961", "GSM373962", "GSM373963", "GSM373964", "GSM373965"], "sample_count": 10, "group_sizes": null, "group_sizes_basis": null, "platform": "570", "taxon": "Homo sapiens", "title": "Rac1-Induced Connective Tissue Growth Factor regulates Connexin 43 and N-Cadherin Expression in Atrial Fibrillation", "resolution_checked_at": "2026-11-01T15:39:54Z", "resolution_check": "identifier_resolution_only_no_download_no_licence_read", 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