Immune Characteristics and Prognosis Analysis of the Proteasome 20S Subunit Beta 9 in Lower-Grade Gliomas.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:35928883", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 3, "content_hash": "sha256:4750fb185b2eb8f5d2f4ab2f58d4b0b4fd15c35eab454405ece80b5141af664d", "created_at": "2026-11-01T18:15:01Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T21:28:33Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Immune Characteristics and Prognosis Analysis of the Proteasome 20S Subunit Beta 9 in Lower-Grade Gliomas.", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2022.875131", "pmid": "35928883", "authors": ["Junzhe Liu", "Xinyu Yang", "Qiankun Ji", "Lufei Yang", "Jingying Li", "Xiaoyan Long", "Minhua Ye", "Kai Huang", "Xingen Zhu"], "journal": "Frontiers in oncology", "year": 2022, "abstract": "Glioma is a common intracranial malignancy in adults and has a high mortality due to its poor prognosis and high recurrence rate. Dysregulation of protein degradation is one of the main promoting factors in glioma development. As an indispensable unit of the proteasome, Proteasome 20S Subunit Beta 9 (PSMB9) is one of the major enzymes in ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation in cells. In addition, proteasomes also participate in a series of cellular processing, like immune regulation, nerve signal transduction, material transport through channels, cell adhesion, and various signaling pathways. However, the relationship between the PSMB9 expression and the occurrence of lower-grade glioma (LGG) is still unknown. First, we collected the RNA-seq and clinical information about LGG clinical samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort, Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA; including CGGAseq1 and CGGAseq2) cohort, and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO; GSE16011, GSE61374, and Rembrandt) cohort. Then, these data were used for differential analysis, survival analysis, enrichment analysis, clinical model construction, etc. In addition, we combine immune-related data for immune-related analysis, including immune infiltration and immunotherapy. Through the above research, we have provided a new biomarker for LGG prognosis prediction and more comprehensively explained the role of PSMB9 in the development of LGG. This study determined that PSMB9 can be used as an immunotherapy target through the analysis of immune data, providing new ideas for the clinical treatment of LGG.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "An OS analysis was conducted by the Kaplan–Meier method (two-sided log-rank test) to analyze the clinical characteristics of two LGG subgroups with high and low PSMB9 expressions.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35928883", "locator": "sections[14] \"Statistical Analysis\" paragraph 2", "quote": "An OS analysis was conducted by the Kaplan–Meier method (two-sided log-rank test) to analyze the clinical characteristics of two LGG subgroups with high and low PSMB9 expressions."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/ Supplementary Material . Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding authors.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35928883", "locator": "sections[25] \"Data Availability Statement\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/ Supplementary Material . Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding authors."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "The AUC values were totally beyond 0.6, which proves the accuracy of the clinical prognosis model ( Figure 4D ).", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35928883", "locator": "sections[18] \"Survival Analysis Based on the PSMB9 Expression\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The AUC values were totally beyond 0.6, which proves the accuracy of the clinical prognosis model ( Figure 4D )."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "The AUC values were totally beyond 0.6, which proves the accuracy of the clinical prognosis model ( Figure 4D ).", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:35928883"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE16011"], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE16011"], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": []}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:35928883", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.875131", "sha256": "sha256:3cb8477f2ec11d0b593affb14edf058e6848de4abb9085cfdc30a62069555a96", "bytes": 57054, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "10.3389/fonc.2022.875131", "version": null, "note": "Full article fetched from PMC; the checksum covers the rendered section body, not the original XML bytes.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC9343852", "source": "europe_pmc_fulltext", "coverage": "whole_body", "text_hash_scope": "rendered_section_body"}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE16011", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE16011", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE16011", "version": null, "note": "The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/ Supplementary Material . Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding authors.", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/ Supplementary Material . 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First, we collected the RNA-seq and clinical information about LGG clinical", "and Methods Enrichment Analysis of PSMB9 The RNA-seq data of TCGA cohort were obtained, the sampl"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:809", "id": "assay:1"}, {"role": "data_generation", "definition_id": "cell_culture", "definition_version": "99e1195c7d6f", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "partial", "source_hashes": {"assay_lexicon": "99e1195c7d6f"}, "confidence": 0.77, "evidence": ["Manassas, VA, USA). SW-1088 and SW-1783 were cultured with Leibovitz’s L-15 Medium (Gibco, Grand Island"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:4451", "id": "assay:2"}, {"role": "data_generation", "definition_id": "western_blot", "definition_version": "99e1195c7d6f", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "partial", "source_hashes": {"assay_lexicon": "99e1195c7d6f"}, "confidence": 0.93, "evidence": ["st condition for observation and processing. Western Blotting of Clinical Samples The tissue samples were"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:4831", "id": "assay:3"}, {"role": "data_generation", "definition_id": "ihc", "definition_version": "99e1195c7d6f", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "partial", "source_hashes": {"assay_lexicon": "99e1195c7d6f"}, "confidence": 0.99, "evidence": ["pression of the target protein. Fluorescence Immunohistochemistry of Clinical Samples Previous studies have sh", "infiltration in tumor tissues, fluorescence immunohistochemistry (FIHC) was performed on tumor samples. The e", "ession and immune-related score. Fluorescent Immunohistochemistry of LGG tumor tissue. 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