Elevated expression of LIF predicts a poor prognosis and promotes cell migration and invasion of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:35992780", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 4, "content_hash": "sha256:96f3a9072e137905fc3235ba10ec828c295586974cb2966bd50fde69a3bf797f", "created_at": "2026-11-01T18:15:08Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:07:19Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Elevated expression of LIF predicts a poor prognosis and promotes cell migration and invasion of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2022.934128", "pmid": "35992780", "authors": ["Wenting Zhong", "Hongxia Liu", "Feng Li", "Youyu Lin", "Yan Ye", "Luyun Xu", "ShengZhao Li", "Hui Chen", "Chengcheng Li", "Yuxuan Lin", "Wei Zhuang", "Yao Lin", "Qingshui Wang"], "journal": "Frontiers in oncology", "year": 2022, "abstract": "Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the seventh most common cancer in humans, of which clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) accounts for the majority. Recently, although there have been significant breakthroughs in the treatment of ccRCC, the prognosis of targeted therapy is still poor. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a pleiotropic protein, which is overexpressed in many cancers and plays a carcinogenic role. In this study, we explored the expression and potential role of LIF in ccRCC.\nMethods: The expression levels and prognostic effects of the LIF gene in ccRCC were detected using TCGA, GEO, ICGC, and ArrayExpress databases. The function of LIF in ccRCC was investigated using a series of cell function approaches. LIF-related genes were identified by weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA). GO and KEGG analyses were performed subsequently. Cox univariate and LASSO analyses were used to develop risk signatures based on LIF-related genes, and the prognostic model was validated in the ICGC and E-MTAB-1980 databases. Then, a nomogram model was constructed for survival prediction and validation of ccRCC patients. To further explore the drug sensitivity between LIF-related genes, we also conducted a drug sensitivity analysis based on the GDSC database.\nResults: The mRNA and protein expression levels of LIF were significantly increased in ccRCC patients. In addition, a high expression of LIF has a poor prognostic effect in ccRCC patients. LIF knockdown can inhibit the migration and invasion of ccRCC cells. By using WGCNA, 97 LIF-related genes in ccRCC were identified. Next, a prognostic risk prediction model including eight LIF-related genes (TOB2, MEPCE, LIF, RGS2, RND3, KLF6, RRP12, and SOCS3) was developed and validated. Survival analysis and ROC curve analysis indicated that the eight LIF-related-gene predictive model had good performance in evaluating patients' prognosis in different subgroups of ccRCC.\nConclusion: Our study revealed that LIF plays a carcinogenic role in ccRCC. In addition, we firstly integrated multiple LIF-related genes to set up a risk-predictive model. The model could accurately predict the prognosis of ccRCC, which offers clinical implications for risk stratification, drug screening, and therapeutic decision.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "Cox univariate and LASSO analyses were used to develop risk signatures based on LIF-related genes, and the prognostic model was validated in the ICGC and E-MTAB-1980 databases.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35992780", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Cox univariate and LASSO analyses were used to develop risk signatures based on LIF-related genes, and the prognostic model was validated in the ICGC and E-MTAB-1980 databases."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/Supplementary Material. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author/s.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35992780", "locator": "sections[27] \"Data availability statement\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/Supplementary Material. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author/s."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "Next, a prognostic risk prediction model including eight LIF-related genes (TOB2, MEPCE, LIF, RGS2, RND3, KLF6, RRP12, and SOCS3) was developed and validated.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:35992780", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 3", "quote": "Next, a prognostic risk prediction model including eight LIF-related genes (TOB2, MEPCE, LIF, RGS2, RND3, KLF6, RRP12, and SOCS3) was developed and validated."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "Next, a prognostic risk prediction model including eight LIF-related genes (TOB2, MEPCE, LIF, RGS2, RND3, KLF6, RRP12, and SOCS3) was developed and validated.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:35992780"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:E-MTAB-1980"], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:E-MTAB-1980"], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": []}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:35992780", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.934128", "sha256": "sha256:ff13f3986e849a0bf42c3610153438c3e939797b77a81bad653941635dd6d19d", "bytes": 52798, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "10.3389/fonc.2022.934128", "version": null, "note": "Full article fetched from PMC; the checksum covers the rendered section body, not the original XML bytes.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC9382297", "source": "europe_pmc_fulltext", "coverage": "whole_body", "text_hash_scope": "rendered_section_body"}}, {"id": "data:geo:E-MTAB-1980", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=E-MTAB-1980", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "E-MTAB-1980", "version": null, "note": "The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/Supplementary Material. 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