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pmid:36211349
An EMT-based risk score thoroughly predicts the clinical prognosis, tumor immune microenvironment and molecular subtypes of bladder cancer.
Zicheng Xiao · Zhiyong Cai · Dingshan Deng · Shiyu Tong · Xiongbing Zu
Frontiers in immunology · 2022 doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1000321
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Complete file
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However, comprehensive studies correlating EMT and prognosis, tumor microenvironment (TME) and molecular subtypes of bladder cancer (BLCA) are lacking.\nMethods: TCGA-BLCA was chosen as our training cohort, while Xiangya cohort, GSE13507, GSE48075 were selected as our validation cohorts. Prognostic genes were screened out using univariate Cox analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm. Then we developed an EMT risk score based on these prognostic genes and systematically correlated the risk score with prognosis, TME and molecular subtypes of BLCA.\nResults: Based on EMT related genes, we developed two different EMT patterns, named EMT cluster 1 and cluster 2, and found that cluster 2 showed a worse prognosis and an inflammatory TME phenotype. For personalized prognosis and TME phenotypes predicting, we developed and validated an EMT-based risk score by 7 candidate genes (ANXA10, CNTN1, FAM180A, FN1, IGFL2, KANK4 and TOX3). Patients with high EMT risk scores had lower overall survival (OS) with high predictive accuracy both in the training cohort and validation cohort. In addition, we comprehensively correlated the EMT risk score with TME and molecular subtype, and found that high EMT risk score suggested higher levels of immune cell infiltration and more inclined to present the basal molecular subtype. It was noteworthy that the same results also appeared in the validation of Xiangya cohort.\nConclusions: EMT related genes play an important role in tumor progression and immunity in BLCA. Our EMT risk score could accurately predict prognosis and immunophenotype of a single patient, which could guide more effective precision medical strategies.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "The EMT risk score was constructed by the random survival forest (RSF) model, and its accuracy was reflected by drawing the time-dependent ROC curve and calculating the AUC.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:36211349", "locator": "sections[11] \"Statistical analysis\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The EMT risk score was constructed by the random survival forest (RSF) model, and its accuracy was reflected by drawing the time-dependent ROC curve and calculating the AUC."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "Publicly available datasets were analyzed in this study. 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This data can be found here: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/GSE188715."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "In the TCGA-BLCA training cohort, the EMT risk score predicted 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival with AUCs of 0.95, 0.95, and 0.94, respectively.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:36211349", "locator": "sections[15] \"Construction of EMT risk score and survival verification of internal and external cohorts\" paragraph 5", "quote": "In addition, the accuracy of EMT risk score in predicting OS in 1, 3 and 5 years was 0.95, 0.95 and 0.94 separately ( Figure 3D )."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "partial", "objective": "In the TCGA-BLCA training cohort, the EMT risk score predicted 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival with AUCs of 0.95, 0.95, and 0.94, respectively.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:36211349"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. 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