Identification of necroptosis-related genes for predicting prognosis and exploring immune infiltration landscape in colon adenocarcinoma.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:36505813", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 3, "content_hash": "sha256:890102cf977daa7f1d8fd6dda506d93ae876e8878a30fe0eb1bbc2813f596fc4", "created_at": "2026-11-01T19:01:00Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:08:18Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Identification of necroptosis-related genes for predicting prognosis and exploring immune infiltration landscape in colon adenocarcinoma.", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2022.941156", "pmid": "36505813", "authors": ["Ye Wang", "Ming-Gui Lin", "Lei Meng", "Zhang-Ming Chen", "Zhi-Jian Wei", "Song-Cheng Ying", "Aman Xu"], "journal": "Frontiers in oncology", "year": 2022, "abstract": "Background: Necroptosis is a recently discovered form of cell death that plays an important role in the occurrence and development of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). Our study aimed to construct a risk score model to predict the prognosis of patients with COAD based on necroptosis-related genes.\nMethods: The gene expression data of COAD and normal colon samples were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis was used to calculate the risk score based on prognostic necroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Based on the risk score, patients were classified into high- and low-risk groups. Then, nomogram models were built based on the risk score and clinicopathological features. Otherwise, the model was verified in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Additionally, the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the level of immune infiltration were evaluated by \"ESTIMATE\" and single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). Functional enrichment analysis was carried out to explore the potential mechanism of necroptosis in COAD. Finally, the effect of necroptosis on colon cancer cells was explored through CCK8 and transwell assays. The expression of necroptosis-related genes in colon tissues and cells treated with necroptotic inducers (TNFα) and inhibitors (NEC-1) was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).\nResults: The risk score was an independent prognostic risk factor in COAD. The predictive value of the nomogram based on the risk score and clinicopathological features was superior to TNM staging. The effectiveness of the model was well validated in GSE152430. Immune and stromal scores were significantly elevated in the high-risk group. Moreover, necroptosis may influence the prognosis of COAD via influencing the cancer immune response. In in-vitro experiments, the inhibition of necroptosis can promote proliferation and invasion ability. Finally, the differential expression of necroptosis-related genes in 16 paired colon tissues and colon cancer cells was found.\nConclusion: A novel necroptosis-related gene signature for forecasting the prognosis of COAD has been constructed, which possesses favorable predictive ability and offers ideas for the necroptosis-associated development of COAD.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis was used to calculate the risk score based on prognostic necroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs).", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:36505813", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis was used to calculate the risk score based on prognostic necroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs)."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/ Supplementary Material . Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding authors.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:36505813", "locator": "sections[21] \"Data availability statement\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/ Supplementary Material . Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding authors."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "The risk score was an independent prognostic risk factor in COAD.", "kind": "quantitative", "target": {"value": 95.0, "unit": "per cent", "tolerance": null, "source": "the risk score was significantly related to OS [univariate: hazard ratio (HR), 4.28; 95% CI, 2.82–6.50; P < 0.001; multivariate: HR, 3.06; 95% CI, 1.98–4.72; P < 0.001] and PFS (univariate: HR, 2.97; 95% CI, 2.08–4.25; P < 0.001; multivariate: HR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.50–3.14; P < 0.001)."}, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:36505813", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 3", "quote": "The risk score was an independent prognostic risk factor in COAD."}, {"asset": "source:pmid:36505813", "locator": "sections[14] \"Prognostic value of the risk score model\" paragraph 2", "quote": "the risk score was significantly related to OS [univariate: hazard ratio (HR), 4.28; 95% CI, 2.82–6.50; P < 0.001; multivariate: HR, 3.06; 95% CI, 1.98–4.72; P < 0.001] and PFS (univariate: HR, 2.97; 95% CI, 2.08–4.25; P < 0.001; multivariate: HR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.50–3.14; P < 0.001)."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "The risk score was an independent prognostic risk factor in COAD.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:36505813"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. 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