The Value of Ki-67 Labeling Index in Central Lymph Node Metastasis and Survival of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Evidence From the Clinical and Molecular Analyses.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:36744396", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 3, "content_hash": "sha256:689574a2e4511ac1b8ba7ee45291448f83312f8cb152245aeaccd0603e62dbbb", "created_at": "2026-11-01T19:01:19Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:51:12Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "The Value of Ki-67 Labeling Index in Central Lymph Node Metastasis and Survival of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Evidence From the Clinical and Molecular Analyses.", "doi": "10.1177/10732748231155701", "pmid": "36744396", "authors": ["Yi Lei", "Xin Zhao", "Yang Feng", "Danshuang He", "Daixing Hu", "Yu Min"], "journal": "Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center", "year": 2023, "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Recent evidence suggests that the Ki-67 labeling index is associated with lymph node metastasis and the prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).\nMETHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the clinicopathological features of consecutive PTC patients between Jan 2019 and Oct 2020 in our medical center. The molecular analysis was also conducted by using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) program. The Chi-square test was performed for the comparison of variables between patients with central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) and not. Besides, univariate and stepwise multivariate logistic regression analyses were further used to determine the risk factors for CLNM in PTC.\nRESULTS: Our results showed that male gender (odd ratio (OR) = 3.02; 95% CI: 1.81-5.04), tumor size >1 cm (OR = 2.81; 95% CI: 1.84-4.29), multifocality (OR = 2.08; 95% CI: 1.31-3.30, and Ki-67 labeling index (>3% and ≤5%: OR = 1.20; 95% CI: .73-1.97; >5%: OR = 3.85; 95% CI: 1.62-9.14) were independent risk factors for CLNM. After excluding the patients with harvested central lymph nodes <3, increased Ki-67 labeling index was still associated with the number of CLNM and the lymph node ratio. Additionally, the expression level of Ki-67 was significantly correlated with a higher N stage and worse disease-free survival in TCGA and validated GSE60542 datasets.\nCONCLUSIONS: Higher Ki-67 labeling index (>5%) is significantly associated with the CLNM in PTC patients, like other indicators of the male gender, larger tumor size, and multifocality. Besides, the Ki-67 was also determined to be associated with CLNM and DFS in PTC patients, which may act as an important molecular marker in PTC.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "The categorical variables in PTC patients were compared using the Pearson-chi square test or Fisher’s exact chi-square test (based on the expected value), The continuous variables were compared using Student’s two-tailed t-test. Univariate logistic regression analysis was initially used to identify the potential risk factors involved in CLNM of PTC patients. Moreover, only statistically significant variables were included for stepwise multivariate analysis. The recurrence-free survival analysis was assessed by Kaplan–Meier curves to compare the high and low expression of Ki-67.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:36744396", "locator": "sections[6] \"Statistical Analysis\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The categorical variables in PTC patients were compared using the Pearson-chi square test or Fisher’s exact chi-square test (based on the expected value), The continuous variables were compared using Student’s two-tailed t-test."}, {"asset": "source:pmid:36744396", "locator": "sections[6] \"Statistical Analysis\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Univariate logistic regression analysis was initially used to identify the potential risk factors involved in CLNM of PTC patients."}, {"asset": "source:pmid:36744396", "locator": "sections[6] \"Statistical Analysis\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Moreover, only statistically significant variables were included for stepwise multivariate analysis."}, {"asset": "source:pmid:36744396", "locator": "sections[6] \"Statistical Analysis\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The recurrence-free survival analysis was assessed by Kaplan–Meier curves to compare the high and low expression of Ki-67."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "Data Availability: The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:36744396", "locator": "sections[15] \"fn-group\" paragraph 1", "quote": "Data Availability: The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "Our results showed that male gender (odd ratio (OR) = 3.02; 95% CI: 1.81-5.04), tumor size >1 cm (OR = 2.81; 95% CI: 1.84-4.29), multifocality (OR = 2.08; 95% CI: 1.31-3.30, and Ki-67 labeling index (>3% and ≤5%: OR = 1.20; 95% CI: .73-1.97; >5%: OR = 3.85; 95% CI: 1.62-9.14) were independent risk factors for CLNM.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:36744396", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 3", "quote": "Our results showed that male gender (odd ratio (OR) = 3.02; 95% CI: 1.81-5.04), tumor size >1 cm (OR = 2.81; 95% CI: 1.84-4.29), multifocality (OR = 2.08; 95% CI: 1.31-3.30, and Ki-67 labeling index (>3% and ≤5%: OR = 1.20; 95% CI: .73-1.97; >5%: OR = 3.85; 95% CI: 1.62-9.14) were independent risk factors for CLNM."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "Our results showed that male gender (odd ratio (OR) = 3.02; 95% CI: 1.81-5.04), tumor size >1 cm (OR = 2.81; 95% CI: 1.84-4.29), multifocality (OR = 2.08; 95% CI: 1.31-3.30, and Ki-67 labeling index (>3% and ≤5%: OR = 1.20; 95% CI: .73-1.97; >5%: OR = 3.85; 95% CI: 1.62-9.14) were independent risk factors for CLNM.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:36744396"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. 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