Key Genes of Immunity Associated with Pterygium and Primary Sjögren's Syndrome.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:36768371", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 3, "content_hash": "sha256:b01c54610f7e98b4a6d477713ace710581f43d524eca40a8a8c9665ea41d21ba", "created_at": "2026-11-01T19:01:21Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:08:46Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Key Genes of Immunity Associated with Pterygium and Primary Sjögren's Syndrome.", "doi": "10.3390/ijms24032047", "pmid": "36768371", "authors": ["Yumeilan Liu", "Hao Chen", "Hongping Cui"], "journal": "International journal of molecular sciences", "year": 2023, "abstract": "Pterygium and primary Sjögren's Syndrome (pSS) share many similarities in clinical symptoms and ocular pathophysiological changes, but their etiology is unclear. To identify the potential genes and pathways related to immunity, two published datasets, GSE2513 containing pterygium information and GSE176510 containing pSS information, were selected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of pterygium or pSS patients compared with healthy control conjunctiva, and the common DEGs between them were analyzed. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were conducted for common DEGs. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database to find the hub genes, which were verified in clinical samples. There were 14 co-upregulated DEGs. The GO and KEGG analyses showed that these common DEGs were enriched in pathways correlated with virus infection, antigen processing and presentation, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and Th17 cell differentiation. The hub genes (IL1R1, ICAM1, IRAK1, S100A9, and S100A8) were selected by PPI construction. In the era of the COVID-19 epidemic, the relationship between virus infection, vaccination, and the incidence of pSS and pterygium growth deserves more attention.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "The DEGs between pterygium patients and healthy controls were screened from the GSE2513 dataset using the classical Bayesian method with a threshold of p < 0.05.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:36768371", "locator": "sections[10] \"4.2. Data Processing and Identification of DEGs\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The DEGs between pterygium patients and healthy controls were screened from the GSE2513 dataset using the classical Bayesian method with a threshold of p < 0.05."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "Information about the dataset GSE2513 and GSE176510, which were used in this study, is available in [Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database] at [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gds (accessed on 17 March 2022)].", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:36768371", "locator": "sections[22] \"notes\" paragraph 1", "quote": "Information about the dataset GSE2513 and GSE176510, which were used in this study, is available in [Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database] at [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gds (accessed on 17 March 2022)]."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "The study identified 14 genes commonly up-regulated in pterygium and pSS and selected IL1R1, ICAM1, IRAK1, S100A9, and S100A8 as hub genes.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:36768371", "locator": "sections[3] \"2.1. Identification of DEGs and Intersection Set in Pterygium Growth and pSS\" paragraph 2", "quote": "After analysis using the online analysis tool Venn, 14 genes (IRAK1, LEF1, CTSS, HLADPA1, S100A8, ARHGDIB, CD59, TAP2, ICAM1, IL4R, CEACAM1, BAX, IL1R1, S100A9) that were up-regulated in both pterygium and pSS samples were screened out, while no DEGs were commonly down-regulated (Figure 3)."}, {"asset": "source:pmid:36768371", "locator": "sections[5] \"2.3. PPI Network Analysis and Hub Gene Selection\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Interleukin 1 receptor type I (IL1R1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1), interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1), S100 calcium binding protein A9 (S100A9) and S100 calcium binding protein A8 (S100A8) showed comparatively higher degrees in the PPI network and were discriminated as hub genes."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "The study identified 14 genes commonly up-regulated in pterygium and pSS and selected IL1R1, ICAM1, IRAK1, S100A9, and S100A8 as hub genes.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:36768371"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. 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