High expression of serine protease 2 (PRSS2) associated with invasion, metastasis, and proliferation in gastric cancer.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:37022096", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 4, "content_hash": "sha256:fb6c3c0655fbe0f3f931d7e1ed0d8ec2b5a847f9db5546394e119dd81aefc09a", "created_at": "2026-11-01T19:01:40Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:51:38Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "High expression of serine protease 2 (PRSS2) associated with invasion, metastasis, and proliferation in gastric cancer.", "doi": "10.18632/aging.204604", "pmid": "37022096", "authors": ["Haifeng Qin", "Shushu Zhang", "Linling Shen", "Chenjian Mao", "Guangyu Gao", "Hui Wang"], "journal": "Aging", "year": 2023, "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence indicates that the occurrence and development of tumors are related to the activation of oncogenes and the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes caused by epigenetic mechanisms. However, the function of serine protease 2 (PRSS2) in gastric cancer (GC) is still unknown. Our study aimed to find a regulation network involved in GC.\nMETHODS: The mRNA data (GSE158662 and GSE194261) of GC and normal tissues were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset. Differential expression analysis was performed using R software, and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis was conducted by using Xiantao software. Besides, we used Quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR) to verify our conclusions. After gene knockdown, cell migration and CCK-8 experiment were carried out to detect the effect of gene on cell proliferation and invasion.\nRESULTS: Totally, 412 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from GSE158662 and 94 DEGs were identified from GSE196261. Km-plot database results indicated that PRSS2 exhibited high diagnosis worth for GC. Gene functional annotation enrichment analysis revealed that these hub mRNAs were mainly taken part in the process of tumorigenesis and development. Besides, vitro experiments showed that down-regulation of PRSS2 gene reduced the proliferation and invasion ability of GC cells.\nCONCLUSIONS: Our results indicated that PRSS2 may play vital roles in the carcinogenesis and progression of GC and can be potential biomarkers for patients with GC.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "Limma and ggplot2 R package was utilized to identify DEGs and DEMs. |log2FC|> 2 and FDR<0.05 were set as standards.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:37022096", "locator": "sections[13] \"Difference analysis\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Limma and ggplot2 R package was utilized to identify DEGs and DEMs. |log2FC|> 2 and FDR<0.05 were set as standards."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:37022096", "locator": "sections[19] \"Availability of data and materials\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "PRSS2 expression was associated with overall survival in gastric cancer.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:37022096", "locator": "sections[5] \"The association with genes expression and GC overall survival\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The results showed that PRSS2 were related to gastric cancer OS (Figure 4)."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "PRSS2 expression was associated with overall survival in gastric cancer.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:37022096"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE158662"], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {"fdr_threshold": ", with |log2FC| > 2 and FDR < 0", "log2fc_threshold": "Limma R package, with |log2FC| > 2 and FDR < 0"}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE158662"], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": []}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:37022096", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204604", "sha256": "sha256:b34a003c4c2e58fae1e04f336e9dcb22abba0966b789011e09d99653c8a1706a", "bytes": 32321, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "10.18632/aging.204604", "version": null, "note": "Full article fetched from PMC; the checksum covers the rendered section body, not the original XML bytes.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC10120911", "source": "europe_pmc_fulltext", "coverage": "whole_body", "text_hash_scope": "rendered_section_body"}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE158662", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE158662", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE158662", "version": null, "note": "The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.", "access_statement_kind": "data_availability_statement", "sample_accessions": ["GSM4805171", "GSM4805172", "GSM4805173", "GSM4805174", "GSM4805175", "GSM4805176"], "sample_count": 6, "group_sizes": null, "group_sizes_basis": null, "platform": "22755", "taxon": "Homo sapiens", "title": "mRNA expression of gastric cancer and paracancerous tissues", "resolution_checked_at": "2026-11-01T18:06:43Z", "resolution_check": "identifier_resolution_only_no_download_no_licence_read", "downloaded": false, "licence_read": false}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE194261", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE194261", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE194261", "version": null, "note": "The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.", "access_statement_kind": "data_availability_statement", "sample_accessions": ["GSM5831802", "GSM5831803", "GSM5831804", "GSM5831805", "GSM5831806", "GSM5831807", "GSM5831808", "GSM5831809", "GSM5831810", "GSM5831811", "GSM5831812", "GSM5831813", "GSM5831814", "GSM5831815", "GSM5831816", "GSM5831817", "GSM5831818", "GSM5831819", "GSM5831820", "GSM5831821"], "sample_count": 20, "group_sizes": null, "group_sizes_basis": null, "platform": "17077", "taxon": "Homo sapiens", "title": "Genome-wide gene expression of cancer-associated fibroblasts and normal fibroblasts from gastric cancer patients", "resolution_checked_at": "2026-11-01T18:46:34Z", "resolution_check": "identifier_resolution_only_no_download_no_licence_read", "downloaded": false, "licence_read": false}}], "gaps": ["asset:data:geo:GSE158662 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE158662 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE194261 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE194261 licence not read"]}, "analysis": {"state": "complete", "methods": [{"id": "method-1", "family": "differential_expression", "specific": "limma_voom", "label": "Differential expression analysis", "dsl_operations": ["normalise_counts", "differential_expression_fit", "fdr_bh"], "missing_operations": [], "expressible": true, "parameters": {"fdr_threshold": ", with |log2FC| > 2 and FDR < 0", "log2fc_threshold": "Limma R package, with |log2FC| > 2 and FDR < 0"}, "data_shapes": ["count_matrix_with_condition"], "evidence": {"score": 1.0, "band": "verbatim", "quote": "Limma and ggplot2 R package was utilized to identify DEGs and DEMs. |log2FC|> 2 and FDR<0.05 were set as standards."}}], "targets": [], "gaps": []}, "capability": {"state": "complete", "requirements": [{"capability_id": "capability:computational_analysis", "label": "Computational analysis platform", "assay_families": ["meta_analysis", "machine_learning", "survival_analysis", "statistical_regression", "pca", "molecular_docking", "network_analysis", "differential_expression", "gwas"], "availability_state": "owned", "tier_unlocked": "R1", "candidate": "Automated Assays Laravel application and simulated adapters"}], "gaps": []}, "readiness": {"state": "complete", "tier": "R1", "blocking_axis": "none", "blocked_on": "nothing:replicable_now", "axes": {"method": {"tier": "R1", "expressible": true, "required_operations": ["normalise_counts", "differential_expression_fit", "fdr_bh"], "missing_operations": [], "basis": "The paper names the method it used and the corpus's method extractor maps it onto the DSL catalogue: limma_voom."}, "capability": {"tier": "R1", "capability_id": "capability:computational_analysis", "availability_state": "owned", "basis": "The computational analysis is owned. The physical bench the paper used is not, so a physical validation cannot be run here."}, "data": {"tier": "R1", "reachable": true, "accessions": ["GSE158662", "GSE194261"], "resolved_accessions": ["GSE158662", "GSE194261"], "statements": ["The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request."], "basis": "The paper names GSE158662, GSE194261 in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the accession resolves in the repository. No dataset was downloaded and no licence was read."}}, "can_run": {"dsl_operations": ["normalise_counts", "differential_expression_fit", "fdr_bh"], "assets": ["source:pmid:37022096", "data:geo:GSE158662"], "steps": ["run_analysis"]}, "must_build": {"dsl_operations": [], "converters": [], "readers": [], "capabilities": [], "data_gaps": ["data:geo:GSE158662"]}, "gaps": []}, "review": {"state": "partial", "machine_critique": {"kind": "extraction_review", "reader": {"model": "MiniMax-M3.1-Flash", "provider": "minimax", "provider_family": "minimax", "read_at": "2026-11-01T18:35:44Z", "independence": "single_reader"}, "evidence_check": {"method": "verbatim", "availability": "verbatim"}, "calls": 5, "usage": {"prompt_tokens": 9896, "completion_tokens": 1415, "cached_tokens": 256}}, "human_critique": null, "stages": [{"id": "extraction", "state": "complete", "reader": "MiniMax-M3.1-Flash", "provider": "minimax"}], "gaps": ["review.independent_reader", "review.machine_critique", "review.human_critique"]}, "execution": {"state": "absent", "status": "not_run", "mode": null, "runs": [], "gaps": ["execution.not_run"]}, "provenance": {"entities": [{"id": "pmid:37022096", "type": "paper", "label": "pmid:37022096"}, {"id": "source:pmid:37022096", "type": "manuscript", "label": "PMID 37022096 full text"}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE158662", "type": "dataset", "label": "GEO GSE158662"}], "activities": [{"id": "activity-reading-sci-2026-11-01", "type": "classification", "used": [{"id": "pmid:37022096", "type": "paper", "label": "pmid:37022096"}, {"id": "source:pmid:37022096", "type": "manuscript", "label": "PMID 37022096 full text"}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE158662", "type": "dataset", "label": "GEO GSE158662"}], "agent": "agent:corpus-assay-engine"}, {"id": "activity-read-37022096", "type": "extraction", "used": ["source:pmid:37022096"], "agent": "agent:minimax-reader"}, {"id": "activity-resolve-GSE158662", "type": "accession_resolution", "used": ["data:geo:GSE158662"], "agent": "agent:corpus-assay-engine"}], "agents": [{"id": "agent:corpus-assay-engine", "type": "software", "label": "Corpus assay engine"}, {"id": "agent:minimax-reader", "type": "software", "label": "MiniMax literature reader"}], "source_run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01", "dsl_catalogue_fingerprint": "343fb30756ba6ec3", "capability_table_fingerprint": "2cb3e42f047d2ecf", "snapshot_id": "ba34b49490d9bfaf"}, "lineage": {"parent_id": "pmid:37022096", "parent_hash": "sha256:c3511eee14d33551a736516ccd0a9840fdce243cb245231b0e802054f35a05d9", "fork_of": null, "generation": 3}, "gaps": ["asset:data:geo:GSE158662 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE158662 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE194261 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE194261 not downloaded", "execution.not_run", "review.human_critique", "review.independent_reader", "review.machine_critique"], "assays": [{"role": "data_generation", "definition_id": "qpcr", "definition_version": "99e1195c7d6f", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "partial", "source_hashes": {"assay_lexicon": "99e1195c7d6f"}, "confidence": 0.99, "evidence": ["Besides, we used Quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR) to verify our conclusions. After gene knock", "ntao software. Besides, we used Quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR) to verify our conclusions. After gene"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:815", "id": "assay:1"}, {"role": "data_generation", "definition_id": "transfection", "definition_version": "99e1195c7d6f", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "partial", "source_hashes": {"assay_lexicon": "99e1195c7d6f"}, "confidence": 0.99, "evidence": ["(qPCR) to verify our conclusions. After gene knockdown, cell migration and CCK-8 experiment were ca", "MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell culture and transfection GC-derived cell lines (MGC-803 and BGC-823)", "O2 incubator. MGC-803 and BGC-823 cells were transfected with Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen) and PRS", "PRSS2 or negative control siRNA(si-NC) were transfected according to the manufacturer's instructions"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:874", "id": "assay:2"}, {"role": "data_generation", "definition_id": "apoptosis_assay", "definition_version": "99e1195c7d6f", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "partial", "source_hashes": {"assay_lexicon": "99e1195c7d6f"}, "confidence": 0.93, "evidence": ["ns. After gene knockdown, cell migration and CCK-8 experiment were carried out to detect the ef"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:904", "id": "assay:3"}, {"role": "data_generation", "definition_id": "cell_culture", "definition_version": "99e1195c7d6f", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "partial", "source_hashes": {"assay_lexicon": "99e1195c7d6f"}, "confidence": 0.77, "evidence": ["f Sciences (Shanghai, China). All cells were cultured in Roswell Park Memorial Institute-1640 (RPMI-1"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:1936", "id": "assay:4"}, {"role": "analysis", "definition_id": "differential_expression", "definition_version": "f2132e96ae6c7a4e", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": ["normalise_counts", "differential_expression_fit", "fdr_bh"], "support_state": "supported", "source_hashes": {"dsl_catalogue": "f2132e96ae6c7a4e"}, "confidence": 1.0, "evidence": ["Limma and ggplot2 R package was utilized to identify DEGs and DEMs. |log2FC|> 2 and FDR<0.05 were set as standards."], "order_basis": "consumes_earlier_output", "id": "assay:5"}]}