Aberrant expression of bone morphogenetic proteins in the disease progression and metastasis of breast cancer.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:37333824", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 4, "content_hash": "sha256:889c7ae2a8000b2753da8e747231478403b1ba6b6371329ebb6d47f544f7b0f0", "created_at": "2026-11-01T19:02:04Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:52:08Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Aberrant expression of bone morphogenetic proteins in the disease progression and metastasis of breast cancer.", "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2023.1166955", "pmid": "37333824", "authors": ["Ming Liu", "Laijian Sui", "Ziqian Fang", "Wen G Jiang", "Lin Ye"], "journal": "Frontiers in oncology", "year": 2023, "abstract": "Background: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play crucial roles in the tumorigenesis and metastasis of cancers. Controversy remains about the exact implications of BMPs and their antagonists in breast cancer (BC), due to their diverse and complex biological functions and signalling. A comprehensive study of the whole family and their signalling in breast cancer is provoked.\nMethods: Aberrant expression of BMP, BMP receptors and antagonists in primary tumours in breast cancer were analysed by using TCGA-BRCA and E-MTAB-6703 cohorts. Related biomarkers including ER, HER, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis and bone metastasis were involved to identify the relationship with BMPs in breast cancer.\nResults: The present study showed BMP8B was significantly increased in breast tumours, while BMP6 and ACVRL1 were decreased in breast cancer tissues. The expressions of BMP2, BMP6, TGFBR1 and GREM1 were significantly correlated with BC patients' poor overall survival. Aberrant expression of BMPs, together with BMP receptors, were explored in different subtypes of breast cancer according to ER, PR and HER2 status. Furthermore, higher levels of BMP2, BMP6 and GDF5 were revealed in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) whilst BMP4, GDF15, ACVR1B, ACVR2B and BMPR1B were relatively higher in Luminal type BC. ACVR1B and BMPR1B were positively correlated with ERα but were inversely correlated with ERβ. High expression of GDF15, BMP4 and ACVR1B were associated with poorer overall survival in HER2 positive BC. BMPs also play dual roles in tumour growth and metastasis of BC.\nConclusion: A shift pattern of BMPs was showed in different subtypes of breast cancer suggesting a subtype specific involvement. It provokes more research to shed light on the exact role of these BMPs and receptors in the disease progression and distant metastasis through a regulation of proliferation, invasion and EMT.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "Survival analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (KMplot) (https://kmplot.com) (14). Correlations between BMPs and different markers (proliferation, cell cycles, EMTs, MMPs) were evaluated using correlation test. Pearson’s correlation test for normally distributed data and Spearman’s correlation for non-normally distributed data were used.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:37333824", "locator": "sections[6] \"Statistical analysis\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Survival analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (KMplot) (https://kmplot.com) (14). Correlations between BMPs and different markers (proliferation, cell cycles, EMTs, MMPs) were evaluated using correlation test. Pearson’s correlation test for normally distributed data and Spearman’s correlation for non-normally distributed data were used."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/ Supplementary Material . Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:37333824", "locator": "sections[20] \"Data availability statement\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/ Supplementary Material . Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "BMPs play dual roles in breast cancer tumour growth and metastasis, with subtype-specific expression patterns and prognostic associations.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:37333824", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 3", "quote": "BMPs also play dual roles in tumour growth and metastasis of BC."}, {"asset": "source:pmid:37333824", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 4", "quote": "A shift pattern of BMPs was showed in different subtypes of breast cancer suggesting a subtype specific involvement."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "partial", "objective": "BMPs play dual roles in breast cancer tumour growth and metastasis, with subtype-specific expression patterns and prognostic associations.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:37333824"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:E-MTAB-4003"], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "blocked", "blocked_on": "method:group_comparison_mann_whitney", "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:E-MTAB-4003"], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": ["step:run_analysis blocked on method:group_comparison_mann_whitney"]}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:37333824", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2023.1166955", "sha256": "sha256:d0fe929b6f29de0cb0deb015f085083bd963abc25cb044c0e00892e092d76247", "bytes": 64786, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "10.3389/fonc.2023.1166955", "version": null, "note": "Full article fetched from PMC; the checksum covers the rendered section body, not the original XML bytes.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC10272747", "source": "europe_pmc_fulltext", "coverage": "whole_body", "text_hash_scope": "rendered_section_body"}}, {"id": "data:geo:E-MTAB-4003", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=E-MTAB-4003", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "E-MTAB-4003", "version": null, "note": "The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/ Supplementary Material . 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No dataset was downloaded and no licence was read."}}, "can_run": {"dsl_operations": [], "assets": ["source:pmid:37333824", "data:geo:E-MTAB-4003"], "steps": []}, "must_build": {"dsl_operations": [{"operation": "group_comparison_mann_whitney", "unlocks_papers": null, "priority": null}], "converters": [], "readers": [], "capabilities": [], "data_gaps": ["data:geo:E-MTAB-4003"]}, "gaps": []}, "review": {"state": "partial", "machine_critique": {"kind": "extraction_review", "reader": {"model": "MiniMax-M3.1-Flash", "provider": "minimax", "provider_family": "minimax", "read_at": "2026-11-01T18:44:22Z", "independence": "single_reader"}, "evidence_check": {"method": "verbatim", "availability": "verbatim"}, "calls": 5, "usage": {"prompt_tokens": 18748, "completion_tokens": 3411, "cached_tokens": 264}}, "human_critique": null, "stages": [{"id": "extraction", "state": "complete", "reader": "MiniMax-M3.1-Flash", "provider": "minimax"}], "gaps": ["review.independent_reader", "review.machine_critique", "review.human_critique"]}, "execution": {"state": "absent", "status": "not_run", "mode": null, "runs": [], "gaps": ["execution.not_run"]}, "provenance": {"entities": [{"id": "pmid:37333824", "type": "paper", "label": "pmid:37333824"}, {"id": "source:pmid:37333824", "type": "manuscript", "label": "PMID 37333824 full text"}, {"id": "data:geo:E-MTAB-4003", "type": "dataset", "label": "GEO E-MTAB-4003"}], "activities": [{"id": "activity-reading-sci-2026-11-01", "type": "classification", "used": [{"id": "pmid:37333824", "type": "paper", "label": "pmid:37333824"}, {"id": "source:pmid:37333824", "type": "manuscript", "label": "PMID 37333824 full text"}, {"id": "data:geo:E-MTAB-4003", "type": "dataset", "label": "GEO E-MTAB-4003"}], "agent": "agent:corpus-assay-engine"}, {"id": "activity-read-37333824", "type": "extraction", "used": ["source:pmid:37333824"], "agent": "agent:minimax-reader"}, {"id": "activity-resolve-E-MTAB-4003", "type": "accession_resolution", "used": ["data:geo:E-MTAB-4003"], "agent": "agent:corpus-assay-engine"}], "agents": [{"id": "agent:corpus-assay-engine", "type": "software", "label": "Corpus assay engine"}, {"id": "agent:minimax-reader", "type": "software", "label": "MiniMax literature reader"}], "source_run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01", "dsl_catalogue_fingerprint": "343fb30756ba6ec3", "capability_table_fingerprint": "2cb3e42f047d2ecf", "snapshot_id": "ba34b49490d9bfaf"}, "lineage": {"parent_id": "pmid:37333824", "parent_hash": "sha256:d0901bdd437687b9bfdb5d334c09e172b1fa732adb65956d33b6ac0c1f0e9109", "fork_of": null, "generation": 3}, "gaps": ["asset:data:geo:E-MTAB-4003 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:E-MTAB-4003 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:E-MTAB-6703 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:E-MTAB-6703 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE27473 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE27473 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE70951 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE70951 not downloaded", "execution.not_run", "method.group_comparison_mann_whitney", "review.human_critique", "review.independent_reader", "review.machine_critique", "step:run_analysis blocked on method:group_comparison_mann_whitney"], "assays": [{"role": "analysis", "definition_id": "group_comparison", "definition_version": "f2132e96ae6c7a4e", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "partial", "source_hashes": {"dsl_catalogue": "f2132e96ae6c7a4e"}, "confidence": 1.0, "evidence": ["Survival analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (KMplot) (https://kmplot.com) (14). Correlations between BMPs and different markers (proliferation, cell cycles, EMTs, MMPs) were evaluated using correlation test. Pearson’s correlation test for normally distributed data and Spearman’s correlation for non-normally distributed data were used."], "order_basis": "analysis_only", "id": "assay:1"}]}