A novel signature constructed by differential genes of muscle-invasive and non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer for the prediction of prognosis in bladder cancer.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:37691944", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 4, "content_hash": "sha256:9e8481daefbbb7788616efd606007477ede99eb02e352d64189b3ac7b284515f", "created_at": "2026-11-01T19:02:30Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:10:15Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "A novel signature constructed by differential genes of muscle-invasive and non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer for the prediction of prognosis in bladder cancer.", "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2023.1187286", "pmid": "37691944", "authors": ["Weizhuo Wang", "Xi Zhang", "Silin Jiang", "Peng Xu", "Kang Chen", "Kai Li", "Fei Wang", "Xiang Le", "Ke Zhang"], "journal": "Frontiers in immunology", "year": 2023, "abstract": "Background: Bladder cancer (BCa) is a malignant tumor that usually forms cancer cells in the inner lining of the bladder. Hundreds of thousands of people worldwide have BCa diagnosed each year. The purpose of this study was to construct a prognostic model by differential expression of genes between muscular and non-muscular invasive BCa, and to investigate the prognosis of BCa patients.\nMethods: The data of BCa patients was sourced from the GEO and TCGA database. Single-cell sequencing data was obtained from three patients in the GSE135337 database, and microarray data for verification was obtained from GSE32894. Univariate, Lasso and multivariate cox regression analyses were performed to construct the prognostic model. The prognostic features, immune features and drug sensitivity of the model were further evaluated. Single-cell data and microarray data were used to validate the differential expression of model genes between muscle-invasive and non-muscle-invasive BCa. The invasion and migration of BCa cells were evaluated using the transwell assay and wound-healing assay. The cell proliferation capacity was simultaneously evaluated using Colony formation experiments. The protein expression of the specific gene was detected by western blot analysis.\nResults: We identified 183 differentially expressed muscle-invasive-related differential genes (MIRDGs), among which four were selected to establish a prognostic model. Based on our signature, patients in different groups displayed varying levels of immune infiltration and immunotherapy profiles. Single-cell sequencing data and microarray data confirmed that four invasion-related genes were expressed at higher levels in muscle-invasive BCa. Given the critical role of S100A9 in the progression of BCa, we performed further analysis. The results showed that protein expression of S100A9 was high in muscle-invasive BCa, and S100A9 knockdown could inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of BCa.\nConclusion: These findings demonstrated that the prognostic model for BCa patients was reasonably accurate and valid, and it may prove to be of considerable value for the treatment and prognosis of BCa patients in the future. S100A9 may become a better prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target to further guide clinical treatment decisions.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "Specifically, we first used univariate cox regression analysis on training cohort GSE13507 to identify prognostic genes, and presented the results using a heatmap. Subsequently, we employed the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis to construct the bladder cancer related prognostic model.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:37691944", "locator": "sections[5] \"Construction of bladder cancer related prognostic model\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Specifically, we first used univariate cox regression analysis on training cohort GSE13507 to identify prognostic genes, and presented the results using a heatmap. Subsequently, we employed the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis to construct the bladder cancer related prognostic model."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found within the article/ Supplementary Material .", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:37691944", "locator": "sections[22] \"Data availability statement\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found within the article/ Supplementary Material ."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "Using data sourced from GEO and TCGA, the study applied univariate, Lasso, and multivariate Cox regression analyses to construct a bladder cancer prognostic model.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:37691944", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The data of BCa patients was sourced from the GEO and TCGA database."}, {"asset": "source:pmid:37691944", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Univariate, Lasso and multivariate cox regression analyses were performed to construct the prognostic model."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "Using data sourced from GEO and TCGA, the study applied univariate, Lasso, and multivariate Cox regression analyses to construct a bladder cancer prognostic model.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:37691944"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE13507"], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE13507"], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": []}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:37691944", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1187286", "sha256": "sha256:29a2c6307fecde47a22b51cc8002ee81c351b3fb42e98060b7beb7672e690747", "bytes": 53699, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "10.3389/fimmu.2023.1187286", "version": null, "note": "Full article fetched from PMC; the checksum covers the rendered section body, not the original XML bytes.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC10483405", "source": "europe_pmc_fulltext", "coverage": "whole_body", "text_hash_scope": "rendered_section_body"}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE13507", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE13507", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE13507", "version": null, "note": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found within the article/ Supplementary Material .", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found within the article/ Supplementary Material .", "access_statement_kind": "data_availability_statement", "sample_accessions": ["GSM340537", "GSM340538", "GSM340539", "GSM340540", "GSM340541", "GSM340542", "GSM340543", "GSM340544", "GSM340545", "GSM340546", "GSM340547", "GSM340548", "GSM340549", "GSM340550", "GSM340551", "GSM340552", "GSM340553", "GSM340554", "GSM340555", "GSM340556", "GSM340557", "GSM340558", "GSM340559", "GSM340560", "GSM340561", "GSM340562", "GSM340563", "GSM340564", "GSM340565", "GSM340566", "GSM340567", "GSM340568", "GSM340569", "GSM340570", "GSM340571", "GSM340572", "GSM340573", "GSM340574", "GSM340575", "GSM340576", "GSM340577", "GSM340578", "GSM340579", "GSM340580", "GSM340581", "GSM340582", "GSM340583", "GSM340584", "GSM340585", "GSM340586", "GSM340587", "GSM340588", "GSM340589", "GSM340590", "GSM340591", "GSM340592", "GSM340593", "GSM340594", "GSM340595", "GSM340596", "GSM340597", "GSM340598", "GSM340599", "GSM340600", "GSM340601", "GSM340602", "GSM340603", "GSM340604", "GSM340605", "GSM340606", "GSM340607", "GSM340608", "GSM340609", "GSM340610", "GSM340611", "GSM340612", "GSM340613", "GSM340614", "GSM340615", "GSM340616", "GSM340617", "GSM340618", "GSM340619", "GSM340620", "GSM340621", "GSM340622", "GSM340623", "GSM340624", "GSM340625", "GSM340626", "GSM340627", "GSM340628", "GSM340629", "GSM340630", "GSM340631", "GSM340632", "GSM340633", "GSM340634", "GSM340635", "GSM340636", "GSM340637", "GSM340638", "GSM340639", "GSM340640", "GSM340641", "GSM340642", "GSM340643", "GSM340644", "GSM340645", "GSM340646", "GSM340647", "GSM340648", "GSM340649", "GSM340650", "GSM340651", "GSM340652", "GSM340653", "GSM340654", "GSM340655", "GSM340656", "GSM340657", "GSM340658", "GSM340659", "GSM340660", "GSM340661", "GSM340662", "GSM340663", "GSM340664", "GSM340665", "GSM340666", "GSM340667", "GSM340668", "GSM340669", "GSM340670", "GSM340671", "GSM340672", "GSM340673", "GSM340674", "GSM340675", "GSM340676", "GSM340677", "GSM340678", "GSM340679", "GSM340680", "GSM340681", "GSM340682", "GSM340683", "GSM340684", "GSM340685", "GSM340686", "GSM340687", "GSM340688", "GSM340689", "GSM340690", "GSM340691", "GSM340692", "GSM340693", "GSM340694", "GSM340695", "GSM340696", "GSM340697", "GSM340698", "GSM340699", "GSM340700", "GSM340701", "GSM340702", "GSM340703", "GSM340704", "GSM340705", "GSM340706", "GSM340707", "GSM340708", "GSM340709", "GSM340710", "GSM340711", "GSM340712", "GSM340713", "GSM340714", "GSM340715", "GSM340716", "GSM340717", "GSM340718", "GSM340719", "GSM340720", "GSM340721", "GSM340722", "GSM340723", "GSM340724", "GSM340725", "GSM340726", "GSM340727", "GSM340728", "GSM340729", "GSM340730", "GSM340731", "GSM340732", "GSM340733", "GSM340734", "GSM340735", "GSM340736", "GSM340737", "GSM340738", "GSM340739", "GSM340740", "GSM340741", "GSM340742", "GSM340743", "GSM340744", "GSM340745", "GSM340746", "GSM340747", "GSM340748", "GSM340749", "GSM340750", "GSM340751", "GSM340752", "GSM340753", "GSM340754", "GSM340755", "GSM340756", "GSM340757", "GSM340758", "GSM340759", "GSM340760", "GSM340761", "GSM340762", "GSM340763", "GSM340764", "GSM340765", "GSM340766", "GSM340767", "GSM340768", "GSM340769", "GSM340770", "GSM340771", "GSM340772", "GSM340773", "GSM340774", "GSM340775", "GSM340776", "GSM340777", "GSM340778", "GSM340779", "GSM340780", "GSM340781", "GSM340782", "GSM340783", "GSM340784", "GSM340785", "GSM340786", "GSM340787", "GSM340788", "GSM340789", "GSM340790", "GSM340791", "GSM340792"], "sample_count": 256, "group_sizes": null, "group_sizes_basis": null, "platform": "6102", "taxon": "Homo sapiens", "title": "Predective Value of Prognosis-Related Gene Expression Study in Primary Bladder Cancer", "resolution_checked_at": "2026-11-01T15:39:54Z", "resolution_check": "identifier_resolution_only_no_download_no_licence_read", "downloaded": false, "licence_read": false}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE135337", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE135337", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE135337", "version": null, "note": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found within the article/ Supplementary Material .", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found within the article/ Supplementary Material .", "access_statement_kind": "data_availability_statement", "sample_accessions": ["GSM4006644", "GSM4006645", "GSM4006646", "GSM4006647", "GSM4006648", "GSM4751267", "GSM4751268", "GSM5329919"], "sample_count": 8, "group_sizes": null, "group_sizes_basis": null, "platform": "24676", "taxon": "Homo sapiens", "title": "Transcriptomic Characterization of Local Invasion in Human Bladder Cancer by Single Cell RNA Sequencing", "resolution_checked_at": "2026-11-01T18:46:34Z", "resolution_check": "identifier_resolution_only_no_download_no_licence_read", "downloaded": false, "licence_read": false}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE32894", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE32894", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE32894", "version": null, "note": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found within the article/ Supplementary Material .", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found within the article/ Supplementary Material .", "access_statement_kind": "data_availability_statement", "sample_accessions": ["GSM814052", "GSM814053", "GSM814054", "GSM814055", "GSM814056", "GSM814057", "GSM814058", "GSM814059", "GSM814060", "GSM814061", "GSM814062", "GSM814063", "GSM814064", "GSM814065", "GSM814066", "GSM814067", "GSM814068", "GSM814069", "GSM814070", "GSM814071", "GSM814072", "GSM814073", "GSM814074", "GSM814075", "GSM814076", "GSM814077", "GSM814078", "GSM814079", "GSM814080", "GSM814081", "GSM814082", "GSM814083", "GSM814084", "GSM814085", "GSM814086", "GSM814087", "GSM814088", "GSM814089", "GSM814090", "GSM814091", "GSM814092", "GSM814093", "GSM814094", "GSM814095", "GSM814096", "GSM814097", "GSM814098", "GSM814099", "GSM814100", "GSM814101", "GSM814102", "GSM814103", "GSM814104", "GSM814105", "GSM814106", "GSM814107", "GSM814108", "GSM814109", "GSM814110", "GSM814111", "GSM814112", "GSM814113", "GSM814114", "GSM814115", "GSM814116", "GSM814117", "GSM814118", "GSM814119", "GSM814120", "GSM814121", "GSM814122", "GSM814123", "GSM814124", "GSM814125", "GSM814126", "GSM814127", "GSM814128", "GSM814129", "GSM814130", "GSM814131", "GSM814132", "GSM814133", "GSM814134", "GSM814135", "GSM814136", "GSM814137", "GSM814138", "GSM814139", "GSM814140", "GSM814141", "GSM814142", "GSM814143", "GSM814144", "GSM814145", "GSM814146", "GSM814147", "GSM814148", "GSM814149", "GSM814150", "GSM814151", "GSM814152", "GSM814153", "GSM814154", "GSM814155", "GSM814156", "GSM814157", "GSM814158", "GSM814159", "GSM814160", "GSM814161", "GSM814162", "GSM814163", "GSM814164", "GSM814165", "GSM814166", "GSM814167", "GSM814168", "GSM814169", "GSM814170", "GSM814171", "GSM814172", "GSM814173", "GSM814174", "GSM814175", "GSM814176", "GSM814177", "GSM814178", "GSM814179", "GSM814180", "GSM814181", "GSM814182", "GSM814183", "GSM814184", "GSM814185", "GSM814186", "GSM814187", "GSM814188", "GSM814189", "GSM814190", "GSM814191", "GSM814192", "GSM814193", "GSM814194", "GSM814195", "GSM814196", "GSM814197", "GSM814198", "GSM814199", "GSM814200", "GSM814201", "GSM814202", "GSM814203", "GSM814204", "GSM814205", "GSM814206", "GSM814207", "GSM814208", "GSM814209", "GSM814210", "GSM814211", "GSM814212", "GSM814213", "GSM814214", "GSM814215", "GSM814216", "GSM814217", "GSM814218", "GSM814219", "GSM814220", "GSM814221", "GSM814222", "GSM814223", "GSM814224", "GSM814225", "GSM814226", "GSM814227", "GSM814228", "GSM814229", "GSM814230", "GSM814231", "GSM814232", "GSM814233", "GSM814234", "GSM814235", "GSM814236", "GSM814237", "GSM814238", "GSM814239", "GSM814240", "GSM814241", "GSM814242", "GSM814243", "GSM814244", "GSM814245", "GSM814246", "GSM814247", "GSM814248", "GSM814249", "GSM814250", "GSM814251", "GSM814252", "GSM814253", "GSM814254", "GSM814255", "GSM814256", "GSM814257", "GSM814258", "GSM814259", "GSM814260", "GSM814261", "GSM814262", "GSM814263", "GSM814264", "GSM814265", "GSM814266", "GSM814267", "GSM814268", "GSM814269", "GSM814270", "GSM814271", "GSM814272", "GSM814273", "GSM814274", "GSM814275", "GSM814276", "GSM814277", "GSM814278", "GSM814279", "GSM814280", "GSM814281", "GSM814282", "GSM814283", "GSM814284", "GSM814285", "GSM814286", "GSM814287", "GSM814288", "GSM814289", "GSM814290", "GSM814291", "GSM814292", "GSM814293", "GSM814294", "GSM814295", "GSM814296", "GSM814297", "GSM814298", "GSM814299", "GSM814300", "GSM814301", "GSM814302", "GSM814303", "GSM814304", "GSM814305", "GSM814306", "GSM814307", "GSM814308", "GSM814309", "GSM814310", "GSM814311", "GSM814312", "GSM814313", "GSM814314", "GSM814315", "GSM814316", "GSM814317", "GSM814318", "GSM814319", "GSM814320", "GSM814321", "GSM814322", "GSM814323", "GSM814324", "GSM814325", "GSM814326", "GSM814327", "GSM814328", "GSM814329", "GSM814330", "GSM814331", "GSM814332", "GSM814333", "GSM814334", "GSM814335", "GSM814336", "GSM814337", "GSM814338", "GSM814339", "GSM814340", "GSM814341", "GSM814342", "GSM814343", "GSM814344", "GSM814345", "GSM814346", "GSM814347", "GSM814348", "GSM814349", "GSM814350", "GSM814351", "GSM814352", "GSM814353", "GSM814354", "GSM814355", "GSM814356", "GSM814357", "GSM814358", "GSM814359"], "sample_count": 308, "group_sizes": null, "group_sizes_basis": null, "platform": "6947", "taxon": "Homo sapiens", "title": "A Molecular Taxonomy of Urothelial Carcinoma", "resolution_checked_at": "2026-11-01T15:39:54Z", "resolution_check": "identifier_resolution_only_no_download_no_licence_read", "downloaded": false, "licence_read": false}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSM4006644", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSM4006644", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSM4006644", "version": null, "note": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found within the article/ Supplementary Material .", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found within the article/ Supplementary Material .", "access_statement_kind": "data_availability_statement", "sample_accessions": [], "sample_count": null, "group_sizes": null, "group_sizes_basis": null, "platform": "24676", "taxon": "Homo sapiens", "title": "BC1-scRNA", "resolution_checked_at": "2026-11-01T19:09:52Z", "resolution_check": "identifier_resolution_only_no_download_no_licence_read", "downloaded": false, "licence_read": false}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSM4006645", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSM4006645", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSM4006645", "version": null, "note": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found within the article/ Supplementary Material .", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found within the article/ Supplementary Material .", "access_statement_kind": "data_availability_statement", "sample_accessions": [], "sample_count": null, "group_sizes": null, "group_sizes_basis": null, "platform": "24676", "taxon": "Homo sapiens", "title": "BC2-scRNA", "resolution_checked_at": "2026-11-01T19:09:52Z", "resolution_check": "identifier_resolution_only_no_download_no_licence_read", "downloaded": false, "licence_read": false}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSM4006647", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSM4006647", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSM4006647", "version": null, "note": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found within the article/ Supplementary Material .", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found within the article/ Supplementary Material .", "access_statement_kind": "data_availability_statement", "sample_accessions": [], "sample_count": null, "group_sizes": null, "group_sizes_basis": null, "platform": "24676", "taxon": "Homo sapiens", "title": "BC4-scRNA", "resolution_checked_at": "2026-11-01T19:09:52Z", "resolution_check": "identifier_resolution_only_no_download_no_licence_read", "downloaded": false, "licence_read": false}}], "gaps": ["asset:data:geo:GSE13507 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE13507 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE135337 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE135337 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE32894 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE32894 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSM4006644 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSM4006644 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSM4006645 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSM4006645 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSM4006647 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSM4006647 licence not read"]}, "analysis": {"state": "complete", "methods": [{"id": "method-1", "family": "survival_analysis", "specific": "cox_proportional_hazards", "label": "Survival analysis", "dsl_operations": ["cox_ph"], "missing_operations": [], "expressible": true, "parameters": {}, "data_shapes": ["time_to_event_with_censoring"], "evidence": {"score": 1.0, "band": "verbatim", "quote": "Specifically, we first used univariate cox regression analysis on training cohort GSE13507 to identify prognostic genes, and presented the results using a heatmap. Subsequently, we employed the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis to construct the bladder cancer related prognostic model."}}, {"id": "method-2", "family": "network_analysis", "specific": "ppi_network", "label": "Network / pathway analysis", "dsl_operations": ["build_graph", "centrality_scores", "pathway_enrich"], "missing_operations": [], "expressible": true, "parameters": {}, "data_shapes": ["edge_list"], "evidence": {"score": 0.8, "band": "high", "quote": "protein-protein interaction"}}], "targets": [], "gaps": []}, "capability": {"state": "complete", "requirements": [{"capability_id": "capability:computational_analysis", "label": "Computational analysis platform", "assay_families": ["meta_analysis", "machine_learning", "survival_analysis", "statistical_regression", "pca", "molecular_docking", "network_analysis", "differential_expression", "gwas"], "availability_state": "owned", "tier_unlocked": "R1", "candidate": "Automated Assays Laravel application and simulated adapters"}], "gaps": []}, "readiness": {"state": "complete", "tier": "R1", "blocking_axis": "none", "blocked_on": "nothing:replicable_now", "axes": {"method": {"tier": "R1", "expressible": true, "required_operations": ["cox_ph"], "missing_operations": [], "basis": "The paper names the method it used and the corpus's method extractor maps it onto the DSL catalogue: cox_proportional_hazards."}, "capability": {"tier": "R1", "capability_id": "capability:computational_analysis", "availability_state": "owned", "basis": "The computational analysis is owned. The physical bench the paper used is not, so a physical validation cannot be run here."}, "data": {"tier": "R1", "reachable": true, "accessions": ["GSE13507", "GSE135337", "GSM4006647", "GSM4006644", "GSM4006645", "GSE32894"], "resolved_accessions": ["GSE13507", "GSE135337", "GSM4006647", "GSM4006644", "GSM4006645", "GSE32894"], "statements": ["The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found within the article/ Supplementary Material ."], "basis": "The paper names GSE13507, GSE135337, GSM4006647, GSM4006644, GSM4006645, GSE32894 in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the accession resolves in the repository. No dataset was downloaded and no licence was read."}}, "can_run": {"dsl_operations": ["cox_ph"], "assets": ["source:pmid:37691944", "data:geo:GSE13507"], "steps": ["run_analysis"]}, "must_build": {"dsl_operations": [], "converters": [], "readers": [], "capabilities": [], "data_gaps": ["data:geo:GSE13507"]}, "gaps": []}, "review": {"state": "partial", "machine_critique": {"kind": "extraction_review", "reader": {"model": "MiniMax-M3.1-Flash", "provider": "minimax", "provider_family": "minimax", "read_at": "2026-11-01T18:53:08Z", "independence": "single_reader"}, "evidence_check": {"method": "verbatim", "availability": "verbatim"}, "calls": 5, "usage": {"prompt_tokens": 14402, "completion_tokens": 2273, "cached_tokens": 264}}, "human_critique": null, "stages": [{"id": "extraction", "state": "complete", "reader": "MiniMax-M3.1-Flash", "provider": "minimax"}], "gaps": ["review.independent_reader", "review.machine_critique", "review.human_critique"]}, "execution": {"state": "absent", "status": "not_run", "mode": null, "runs": [], "gaps": ["execution.not_run"]}, "provenance": {"entities": [{"id": "pmid:37691944", "type": "paper", "label": "pmid:37691944"}, {"id": "source:pmid:37691944", "type": "manuscript", "label": "PMID 37691944 full text"}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE13507", "type": "dataset", "label": "GEO GSE13507"}], "activities": [{"id": "activity-reading-sci-2026-11-01", "type": "classification", "used": [{"id": "pmid:37691944", "type": "paper", "label": "pmid:37691944"}, {"id": "source:pmid:37691944", "type": "manuscript", "label": "PMID 37691944 full text"}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE13507", "type": "dataset", "label": "GEO GSE13507"}], "agent": "agent:corpus-assay-engine"}, {"id": "activity-read-37691944", "type": "extraction", "used": ["source:pmid:37691944"], "agent": "agent:minimax-reader"}, {"id": "activity-resolve-GSE13507", "type": "accession_resolution", "used": ["data:geo:GSE13507"], "agent": "agent:corpus-assay-engine"}], "agents": [{"id": "agent:corpus-assay-engine", "type": "software", "label": "Corpus assay engine"}, {"id": "agent:minimax-reader", "type": "software", "label": "MiniMax literature reader"}], "source_run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01", "dsl_catalogue_fingerprint": "343fb30756ba6ec3", "capability_table_fingerprint": "2cb3e42f047d2ecf", "snapshot_id": "ba34b49490d9bfaf"}, "lineage": {"parent_id": "pmid:37691944", "parent_hash": "sha256:7ecbd46023ecd3235400f86cbf62e39e4a315906a3f48ce1ac97ee6843bd2599", "fork_of": null, "generation": 3}, "gaps": ["asset:data:geo:GSE13507 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE13507 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE135337 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE135337 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE32894 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE32894 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSM4006644 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSM4006644 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSM4006645 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSM4006645 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSM4006647 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSM4006647 not downloaded", "execution.not_run", "review.human_critique", "review.independent_reader", "review.machine_critique"], "assays": [{"role": "data_generation", "definition_id": "microarray", "definition_version": "99e1195c7d6f", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "partial", "source_hashes": {"assay_lexicon": "99e1195c7d6f"}, "confidence": 0.99, "evidence": ["hree patients in the GSE135337 database, and microarray data for verification was obtained from GSE3", "were further evaluated. Single-cell data and microarray data were used to validate the differential", "py profiles. Single-cell sequencing data and microarray data confirmed that four invasion-related ge"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:676", "id": "assay:1"}, {"role": "data_generation", "definition_id": "western_blot", "definition_version": "99e1195c7d6f", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "partial", "source_hashes": {"assay_lexicon": "99e1195c7d6f"}, "confidence": 0.93, "evidence": ["ression of the specific gene was detected by western blot analysis. Results: We identified 183 differe"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:1363", "id": "assay:2"}, {"role": "data_generation", "definition_id": "transfection", "definition_version": "99e1195c7d6f", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "partial", "source_hashes": {"assay_lexicon": "99e1195c7d6f"}, "confidence": 0.85, "evidence": ["was high in muscle-invasive BCa, and S100A9 knockdown could inhibit the proliferation, migration a"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:2021", "id": "assay:3"}, {"role": "analysis", "definition_id": "survival_analysis", "definition_version": "f2132e96ae6c7a4e", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": ["cox_ph"], "support_state": "supported", "source_hashes": {"dsl_catalogue": "f2132e96ae6c7a4e"}, "confidence": 1.0, "evidence": ["Specifically, we first used univariate cox regression analysis on training cohort GSE13507 to identify prognostic genes, and presented the results using a heatmap. Subsequently, we employed the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis to construct the bladder cancer related prognostic model."], "order_basis": "consumes_earlier_output", "id": "assay:4"}]}