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pmid:38196695

Gene methylation status in focus of advanced prostate cancer diagnostics and improved individual outcomes.

Weixun Zhang · Song Zeng · Lian Gong · Di Zhang · Xiaopeng Hu

Translational andrology and urology · 2023 doi:10.21037/tau-23-405

Paper

complete

Experiment

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Data

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title
Gene methylation status in focus of advanced prostate cancer diagnostics and improved individual outcomes.
doi
10.21037/tau-23-405
pmid
38196695
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[0]
Weixun Zhang
[1]
Song Zeng
[2]
Lian Gong
[3]
Di Zhang
[4]
Xiaopeng Hu
journal
Translational andrology and urology
year
2023
abstract
Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent type of male genitourinary tumor, remains the second leading cause of deaths due to cancer in the United States in men. The aim of this study was to perform an integrative epigenetic analysis to explore the epigenetic abnormalities involved in the development and progression of PCa, and present advanced diagnostics and improved individual outcomes. Methods: Genome-wide DNA methylation profiles obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were analyzed and a diagnostic model was constructed. For validation, we employed profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and methylation data derived from clinical samples. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) were employed for GSEA and to assess immune cell infiltration, respectively. Results: An accurate diagnostic method for PCa was established based on the methylation level of Cyclin-D2 (CCND2) and glutathione S-transferase pi-1 (GSTP1), with an impressive area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.937. The model's reliability was further confirmed through validation using four GEO datasets GSE76938 (AUC =0.930), GSE26126 (AUC =0.906), GSE112047 (AUC =1.000), GSE84749 (AUC =0.938) and clinical samples (AUC =0.980). Notably, the TIMER analysis indicated that hypermethylation of CCND2 and GSTP1 was associated with reduced immune cell infiltration, higher tumor purity, and an increased risk of tumor progression. Conclusions: In conclusion, our study provides a robust and reliable methylation-based diagnostic model for PCa. This model holds promise as an improved approach for screening and diagnosing PCa, potentially enhancing early detection and patient outcomes, as well as for an advanced clinical management for PCa in the framework of predictive, preventive and personalised medicine.
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The diagnostic model was constructed using the Cox proportional hazards model.
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The diagnostic model was constructed using the Cox proportional hazards model.
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Data Sharing Statement: Available at https://tau.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/tau-23-405/dss
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An accurate diagnostic method for PCa was established based on the methylation level of Cyclin-D2 (CCND2) and glutathione S-transferase pi-1 (GSTP1), with an impressive area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.937.
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An accurate diagnostic method for PCa was established based on the methylation level of Cyclin-D2 (CCND2) and glutathione S-transferase pi-1 (GSTP1), with an impressive area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.937.
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An accurate diagnostic method for PCa was established based on the methylation level of Cyclin-D2 (CCND2) and glutathione S-transferase pi-1 (GSTP1), with an impressive area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.937.
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GSM2249695
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[23]
GSM2249700
sample_count
24
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null
group_sizes_basis
null
platform
13534
taxon
Homo sapiens
title
Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of prostate specimens from a clinical trial of genistein supplementation prior to prostatectomy.
resolution_checked_at
2026-11-01T19:09:46Z
resolution_check
identifier_resolution_only_no_download_no_licence_read
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licence_read
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[4]
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[5]
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[6]
asset:data:geo:GSE84749 not downloaded
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asset:data:geo:GSE84749 licence not read
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The diagnostic model was constructed using the Cox proportional hazards model.
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missing_operations array · 1 item
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evidence object · 3 fields
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id
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evidence object · 3 fields
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capability object · 3 fields
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The paper names the method it used and the corpus's method extractor maps it onto the DSL catalogue: cox_proportional_hazards.
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tier
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availability_state
owned
basis
The computational analysis is owned. The physical bench the paper used is not, so a physical validation cannot be run here.
data object · 6 fields
tier
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[0]
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GSE112047
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GSE84749
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[0]
GSE76938
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GSE26126
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GSE112047
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GSE84749
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[0]
Data Sharing Statement: Available at https://tau.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/tau-23-405/dss
basis
The paper names GSE76938, GSE26126, GSE112047, GSE84749 in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the accession resolves in the repository. No dataset was downloaded and no licence was read.
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cox_ph
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run_analysis
must_build object · 5 fields
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readers array · 0 items
capabilities array · 0 items
data_gaps array · 1 item
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data:geo:GSE112047
gaps array · 0 items
review object · 5 fields
state
partial
machine_critique object · 5 fields
kind
extraction_review
reader object · 5 fields
model
MiniMax-M3.1-Flash
provider
minimax
provider_family
minimax
read_at
2026-11-01T19:04:44Z
independence
single_reader
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method
verbatim
availability
verbatim
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cached_tokens
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[0] object · 4 fields
id
extraction
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complete
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MiniMax-M3.1-Flash
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pmid:38196695
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paper
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pmid:38196695
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source:pmid:38196695
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manuscript
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PMID 38196695 full text
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id
data:geo:GSE112047
type
dataset
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GEO GSE112047
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classification
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paper
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pmid:38196695
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id
source:pmid:38196695
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manuscript
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PMID 38196695 full text
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dataset
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GEO GSE112047
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agent:corpus-assay-engine
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extraction
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agent:minimax-reader
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accession_resolution
used array · 1 item
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agent:corpus-assay-engine
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agent:corpus-assay-engine
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agent:minimax-reader
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MiniMax literature reader
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[6]
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method.reader_differs_from_extractor
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{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:38196695", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 3, "content_hash": "sha256:6de48084e11d957cf250bcb05ed976e88498757efaa47af2eb92d202b2ad77bb", "created_at": "2026-11-01T19:20:07Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:11:00Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Gene methylation status in focus of advanced prostate cancer diagnostics and improved individual outcomes.", "doi": "10.21037/tau-23-405", "pmid": "38196695", "authors": ["Weixun Zhang", "Song Zeng", "Lian Gong", "Di Zhang", "Xiaopeng Hu"], "journal": "Translational andrology and urology", "year": 2023, "abstract": "Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent type of male genitourinary tumor, remains the second leading cause of deaths due to cancer in the United States in men. The aim of this study was to perform an integrative epigenetic analysis to explore the epigenetic abnormalities involved in the development and progression of PCa, and present advanced diagnostics and improved individual outcomes.\nMethods: Genome-wide DNA methylation profiles obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were analyzed and a diagnostic model was constructed. For validation, we employed profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and methylation data derived from clinical samples. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) were employed for GSEA and to assess immune cell infiltration, respectively.\nResults: An accurate diagnostic method for PCa was established based on the methylation level of Cyclin-D2 (CCND2) and glutathione S-transferase pi-1 (GSTP1), with an impressive area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.937. The model's reliability was further confirmed through validation using four GEO datasets GSE76938 (AUC =0.930), GSE26126 (AUC =0.906), GSE112047 (AUC =1.000), GSE84749 (AUC =0.938) and clinical samples (AUC =0.980). Notably, the TIMER analysis indicated that hypermethylation of CCND2 and GSTP1 was associated with reduced immune cell infiltration, higher tumor purity, and an increased risk of tumor progression.\nConclusions: In conclusion, our study provides a robust and reliable methylation-based diagnostic model for PCa. This model holds promise as an improved approach for screening and diagnosing PCa, potentially enhancing early detection and patient outcomes, as well as for an advanced clinical management for PCa in the framework of predictive, preventive and personalised medicine.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "The diagnostic model was constructed using the Cox proportional hazards model.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:38196695", "locator": "sections[6] \"Generation and validation of the diagnostic model\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The diagnostic model was constructed using the Cox proportional hazards model."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "Data Sharing Statement: Available at https://tau.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/tau-23-405/dss", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:38196695", "locator": "sections[22] \"Footnotes\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Data Sharing Statement: Available at https://tau.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/tau-23-405/dss"}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "An accurate diagnostic method for PCa was established based on the methylation level of Cyclin-D2 (CCND2) and glutathione S-transferase pi-1 (GSTP1), with an impressive area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.937.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:38196695", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 3", "quote": "An accurate diagnostic method for PCa was established based on the methylation level of Cyclin-D2 (CCND2) and glutathione S-transferase pi-1 (GSTP1), with an impressive area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.937."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "An accurate diagnostic method for PCa was established based on the methylation level of Cyclin-D2 (CCND2) and glutathione S-transferase pi-1 (GSTP1), with an impressive area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.937.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:38196695"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE112047"], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE112047"], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": []}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:38196695", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.21037/tau-23-405", "sha256": 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"access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "Data Sharing Statement: Available at https://tau.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/tau-23-405/dss", "access_statement_kind": "data_availability_statement", "sample_accessions": ["GSM3053769", "GSM3053770", "GSM3053771", "GSM3053772", "GSM3053773", "GSM3053774", "GSM3053775", "GSM3053776", "GSM3053777", "GSM3053778", "GSM3053779", "GSM3053780", "GSM3053781", "GSM3053782", "GSM3053783", "GSM3053784", "GSM3053785", "GSM3053786", "GSM3053787", "GSM3053788", "GSM3053789", "GSM3053790", "GSM3053791", "GSM3053792", "GSM3053793", "GSM3053794", "GSM3053795", "GSM3053796", "GSM3053797", "GSM3053798", "GSM3053799", "GSM3053800", "GSM3053801", "GSM3053802", "GSM3053803", "GSM3053804", "GSM3053805", "GSM3053806", "GSM3053807", "GSM3053808", "GSM3053809", "GSM3053810", "GSM3053811", "GSM3053812", "GSM3053813", "GSM3053814", "GSM3053815"], "sample_count": 47, "group_sizes": null, "group_sizes_basis": null, "platform": "13534", "taxon": "Homo sapiens", "title": "Genome-Wide DNA methylation analysis of tumor and adjacent normal prostate tissues", "resolution_checked_at": "2026-11-01T15:39:54Z", "resolution_check": "identifier_resolution_only_no_download_no_licence_read", "downloaded": false, "licence_read": false}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE26126", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE26126", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE26126", "version": null, "note": "Data Sharing Statement: Available at https://tau.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/tau-23-405/dss", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "Data Sharing Statement: Available at https://tau.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/tau-23-405/dss", "access_statement_kind": 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