Regulator of G protein signalling 18 promotes osteocyte proliferation by activating the extracellular signal‑regulated kinase signalling pathway.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:38214344", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 4, "content_hash": "sha256:42cff2c06e49338b28bc202eca4b387d62b3b4dcd9dc0e2b5d63d94efa2072c9", "created_at": "2026-11-01T19:20:07Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:53:26Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Regulator of G protein signalling 18 promotes osteocyte proliferation by activating the extracellular signal‑regulated kinase signalling pathway.", "doi": "10.3892/ijmm.2024.5346", "pmid": "38214344", "authors": ["Yong Meng", "Si-Qiang Qiu", "Qiang Wang", "Jin-Liang Zuo"], "journal": "International journal of molecular medicine", "year": 2024, "abstract": "Osteocyte function is critical for metabolism, remodelling and regeneration of bone tissue. In the present study, the roles of regulator of G protein signalling 18 (RGS18) were assessed in the regulation of osteocyte proliferation and bone formation. Target genes and signalling pathways were screened using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). The function of RGS18 and the associated mechanisms were analysed by Cell Counting Kit 8 assay, 5‑ethynyl‑2'‑deoxyuridine assay, flow cytometry, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, western blotting and immunostaining. Overlap analysis of acutely injured subjects (AIS) and healthy volunteers (HVs) from the GSE93138 and GSE93215 datasets of the GEO database identified four genes: KIAA0825, ANXA3, RGS18 and LIPN. Notably, RGS18 was more highly expressed in peripheral blood samples from AIS than in those from HVs. Furthermore, RGS18 overexpression promoted MLO‑Y4 and MC3T3‑E1 cell viability, proliferation and S‑phase arrest, but inhibited apoptosis by suppressing caspase‑3/9 cleavage. Silencing RGS18 exerted the opposite effects. GSEA of GSE93138 revealed that RGS18 has the ability to regulate MAPK signalling. Treatment with the MEK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 reversed the RGS18 overexpression‑induced osteocyte proliferation, and treatment with the ERK1/2 activator 12‑O‑tetradecanoylphorbol‑13‑acetate reversed the effects of RGS18 silencing on osteocyte proliferation. In conclusion, RGS18 may contribute to osteocyte proliferation and bone fracture healing via activation of ERK signalling.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "Statistical differences between two groups were measured using unpaired Student's t-test, and differences among three or more groups were analysed using one-way or two-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni post hoc test.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:38214344", "locator": "sections[13] \"Statistical analysis\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Statistical differences between two groups were measured using unpaired Student's t-test, and differences among three or more groups were analysed using one-way or two-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni post hoc test."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. For bioinformatics analysis, the datasets generated and/or analysed during the current study are available in the GEO database (GSE93138: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE93138 and GSE93215: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE93215).", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:38214344", "locator": "sections[24] \"Availability of data and materials\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. For bioinformatics analysis, the datasets generated and/or analysed during the current study are available in the GEO database (GSE93138: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE93138 and GSE93215: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE93215)."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "RGS18 may contribute to osteocyte proliferation and bone fracture healing by activating ERK signalling.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:38214344", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 1", "quote": "In conclusion, RGS18 may contribute to osteocyte proliferation and bone fracture healing via activation of ERK signalling."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "partial", "objective": "RGS18 may contribute to osteocyte proliferation and bone fracture healing by activating ERK signalling.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:38214344"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE93138"], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "blocked", "blocked_on": "method:student_t", "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE93138"], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": ["step:run_analysis blocked on method:student_t"]}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:38214344", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2024.5346", "sha256": "sha256:5b129c407b246fe918774b320119fe26ec88d2bda4f12e7d030951f876b1cb43", "bytes": 24880, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "10.3892/ijmm.2024.5346", "version": null, "note": "Full article fetched from PMC; the checksum covers the rendered section body, not the original XML bytes.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC10836495", "source": "europe_pmc_fulltext", "coverage": "whole_body_without_references", "text_hash_scope": "rendered_section_body"}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE93138", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE93138", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE93138", "version": null, "note": "The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. 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