An immune-related exosome signature predicts the prognosis and immunotherapy response in ovarian cancer.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:38238671", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 3, "content_hash": "sha256:9952db245f634fc39f0e67d7a1e0370c5555bf21453def1e4208457b19ebbeef", "created_at": "2026-11-01T19:20:09Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:11:03Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "An immune-related exosome signature predicts the prognosis and immunotherapy response in ovarian cancer.", "doi": "10.1186/s12905-024-02881-y", "pmid": "38238671", "authors": ["Kaibo Zhu", "Jiao Ma", "Yiping Tian", "Qin Liu", "Jun Zhang"], "journal": "BMC women's health", "year": 2024, "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Cancer-derived exosomes contribute significantly in intracellular communication, particularly during tumorigenesis. Here, we aimed to identify two immune-related ovarian cancer-derived exosomes (IOCEs) subgroups in ovarian cancer (OC) and establish a prognostic model for OC patients based on immune-related IOCEs.\nMETHODS: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to obtain RNA-seq data, as well as clinical and prognostic information. Consensus clustering analysis was performed to identify two IOCEs-associated subgroups. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare the overall survival (OS) between IOCEs-high and IOCEs-low subtype. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were conducted to investigate the mechanisms and biological effects of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two subtypes. Besides, an IOCE-related prognostic model of OC was constructed by Lasso regression analysis, and the signature was validated using GSE140082 as the validation set.\nRESULTS: In total, we obtained 21 differentially expressed IOCEs in OC, and identified two IOCE-associated subgroups by consensus clustering. IOCE-low subgroup showed a favorable prognosis while IOCE-high subgroup had a higher level of immune cell infiltration and immune response. GSEA showed that pathways in cancer and immune response were mainly enriched in IOCE-high subgroup. Thus, IOCE-high subgroup may benefit more in immunotherapy treatment. In addition, we constructed a risk model based on nine IOCE-associated genes (CLDN4, AKT2, CSPG5, ALDOC, LTA4H, PSMA2, PSMA5, TCIRG1, ANO6).\nCONCLUSION: We developed a novel stratification system for OV based on IOCE signature, which could be used to estimate the prognosis as well as immunotherapy for OC patient.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "Consensus clustering analysis was performed by using the ConsensusClusterPlus tool in R to classify molecular subtypes associated with IOCEs.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:38238671", "locator": "sections[5] \"Analysis of consensus clustering\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Consensus clustering analysis was performed by using the ConsensusClusterPlus tool in R to classify molecular subtypes associated with IOCEs."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The datasets supporting the conclusions of this article are available in TCGA ovarian cancer dataset (TCGA) (https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/), GSE140082 dataset (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/), the Genotype-Tissue Expression Program (GTEx) (https://commonfund.nih.gov/gtex), the ExoCarta Database (http://www.exocarta.org/), the Gene List module of the Immunology Database and Analysis Portal (ImmPort) (https://www.immport.org/shared/genelists) and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) (https://www.proteinatlas.org/).", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:38238671", "locator": "sections[27] \"notes\" paragraph 1", "quote": "The datasets supporting the conclusions of this article are available in TCGA ovarian cancer dataset (TCGA) (https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/), GSE140082 dataset (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/), the Genotype-Tissue Expression Program (GTEx) (https://commonfund.nih.gov/gtex), the ExoCarta Database (http://www.exocarta.org/), the Gene List module of the Immunology Database and Analysis Portal (ImmPort) (https://www.immport.org/shared/genelists) and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) (https://www.proteinatlas.org/)."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "In total, we obtained 21 differentially expressed IOCEs in OC, and identified two IOCE-associated subgroups by consensus clustering.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:38238671", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 3", "quote": "In total, we obtained 21 differentially expressed IOCEs in OC, and identified two IOCE-associated subgroups by consensus clustering."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "In total, we obtained 21 differentially expressed IOCEs in OC, and identified two IOCE-associated subgroups by consensus clustering.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:38238671"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE140082"], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE140082"], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": []}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:38238671", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-024-02881-y", "sha256": 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