Molecular map of cGAS-STING pathway-related genes in bladder cancer: the perspective toward immune microenvironment and prognosis.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:38240703", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 2, "content_hash": "sha256:b3484f29fddb24f7471b037f1368f6c7356cab9876257ceed608ea44caf7c6fb", "created_at": "2026-11-01T19:20:09Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T21:32:19Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Molecular map of cGAS-STING pathway-related genes in bladder cancer: the perspective toward immune microenvironment and prognosis.", "doi": "10.18632/aging.205442", "pmid": "38240703", "authors": ["Dong Wei", "Ying Liu", "Ying Yuan", "Yishuai Li", "Fangchao Zhao", "Xuebo Qin"], "journal": "Aging", "year": 2024, "abstract": "BACKGROUND: The cGAS-STING pathway emerges as a pivotal innate immune pathway with the potential to profoundly influence all facets of tumor initiation and progression. The prognostic significance and immunological role of cGAS-STING pathway-related genes (CRGs) in individuals diagnosed with bladder cancer (BLCA) have not yet been fully elucidated.\nMETHODS: Performed unsupervised cluster analysis to identify distinct clusters. Utilizing LASSO and multivariate Cox regression analysis to construct a prognostic risk model. The IMvigor210, GSE13507 and GSE78220 cohorts were utilized to explore the potential value of risk score in immune therapy response and survival prediction.\nRESULTS: A risk model was developed utilizing four CRGs in order to forecast the overall survival (OS) of BLCA patients. The risk score to be a standalone risk factor, which was further corroborated by the external validation set obtained from the GEO database (GSE13507). We established an integrated nomogram that combined risk scoring and clinical information, exhibiting commendable clinical practicality in predicting the overall survival period of BLCA patients. It is noteworthy that risk score could differentiate tumor microenvironments among different risk groups and individuals who were more responsive to immunotherapy in IMvigor210 and GSE13507 cohorts. In vitro experiments, we noted an up-regulation of IRF3 and IKBKB upon the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. Conversely, the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway resulted in a down-regulation of POLR3G and CTNNB1.\nCONCLUSIONS: CRG risk model shows promise as a potential stratification approach for bladder cancer patients.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "In the TCGA-BLCA cohort, we employed univariate Cox analysis to identify prognostic-related CRGs. To eliminate irrelevant genes, we utilized the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method with a penalty parameter (λ). The parameter was selected using k-fold cross-validation, with k set to 10. To establish a formula for calculating risk scores, we conducted multifactorial Cox analysis and obtained correlation coefficients along with corresponding gene expression values.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:38240703", "locator": "sections[5] \"Building and evaluating prognostic model\" paragraph 2", "quote": "In the TCGA-BLCA cohort, we employed univariate Cox analysis to identify prognostic-related CRGs. To eliminate irrelevant genes, we utilized the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method with a penalty parameter (λ). The parameter was selected using k-fold cross-validation, with k set to 10. To establish a formula for calculating risk scores, we conducted multifactorial Cox analysis and obtained correlation coefficients along with corresponding gene expression values."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/Supplementary Material. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding authors.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:38240703", "locator": "sections[12] \"Availability of data and material\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/Supplementary Material. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding authors."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "A four-gene risk model was developed to forecast overall survival in bladder cancer patients.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:38240703", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 3", "quote": "A risk model was developed utilizing four CRGs in order to forecast the overall survival (OS) of BLCA patients."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "A four-gene risk model was developed to forecast overall survival in bladder cancer patients.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:38240703"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE13507"], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE13507"], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": []}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:38240703", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.205442", "sha256": "sha256:cbcfd9a63a0b5f80de48ac91bb3ea5ba2da86c18001f376e647d9668a8908d66", "bytes": 52021, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "10.18632/aging.205442", "version": null, "note": "Full article fetched from PMC; the checksum covers the rendered section body, not the original XML bytes.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC10866408", "source": "europe_pmc_fulltext", "coverage": "whole_body", "text_hash_scope": "rendered_section_body"}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE13507", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE13507", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE13507", "version": null, "note": "The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/Supplementary Material. 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