Activation of astrocytes by ANXA2-derived extracellular vesicles from lung cancer cells affects aggressiveness, immunotherapy response and microenvironment of lung cancer.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:38545147", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 2, "content_hash": "sha256:7a83f82346a4b2fbae4624f6ae700c0bde7bfb663ce0faab3810d715b67d5071", "created_at": "2026-11-01T19:20:29Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T21:32:48Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Activation of astrocytes by ANXA2-derived extracellular vesicles from lung cancer cells affects aggressiveness, immunotherapy response and microenvironment of lung cancer.", "doi": "10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27729", "pmid": "38545147", "authors": ["Mudan He", "Guogang Xie", "Fang Shen", "Xingjing Li"], "journal": "Heliyon", "year": 2024, "abstract": "Background: ANXA2 has been extensively documented in relation to cancer. Nevertheless, the involvement of ANXA2 in lung carcinoma remains uncertain.\nMethods: Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was downloaded using open-access methods. The examination of publicly available data was conducted utilizing the R software. The mRNA level of specific molecules was detected using Real-time Quantitative PCR (qPCR). The protein level of specific molecules was detected using the Western blot assay. The cell proliferation ability of cancer cells was assessed using the CCK8 assay. The invasion and migration capability of cancer cells was assessed using the Transwell assay. Validation of exosomes extraction was conducted using electron microscopy and particle size analysis.\nResults: In this study, based on series experiments, we found that ANXA2 can promote the activation of neuroastrocytes cells CP-H122 through the exosome pathway. Also, we found that ANXA2 can be transmitted from A549 cells to CP-H122 through the exosomes pathway and further promote the activation of CP-H122. Activated CP-H122 cells further enhance the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of A549 cells. Meanwhile, we performed transcriptome sequencing to explore the downstream genes of ANXA2 to screen potential targets for follow-up studies. Analysis based on public data showed that ANXA2 was related to the worse survival performance and clinical features of lung cancer. Gene set enrichment analysis based on the Hallmark gene set indicated that the patient with high ANXA2 expression might have a higher activity of the apical surface, reactive oxygen species pathway, angiogenesis, TGF-β signaling, MYC target, but lower activity of pancreas-β cells. More important, our results showed that ANXA2 can affects immunotherapy response and reshape immune microenvironment of lung cancer.\nConclusions: This study demonstrates that ANXA2 activates CP-H122 cells, affects A549 cell behavior, and impacts lung cancer prognosis and immunotherapy response.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that individuals exhibiting elevated ANXA2 levels exhibited poorer survival outcomes, encompassing overall survival (Fig. 7B), disease-free survival (Fig. 7C), and progression-free survival (Fig. 7D).", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:38545147", "locator": "sections[18] \"ANXA2 is related to worse survival performance and clinical features\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that individuals exhibiting elevated ANXA2 levels exhibited poorer survival outcomes, encompassing overall survival (Fig. 7B), disease-free survival (Fig. 7C), and progression-free survival (Fig. 7D)."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "Data will be made available on request.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:38545147", "locator": "sections[22] \"Data availability\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Data will be made available on request."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "partial", "objective": "", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:38545147"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "blocked", "blocked_on": "data:accession_absent", "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. 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