Increased Circulating CD14+ Monocytes in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis Presenting Impaired Apoptosis Activity.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:38672131", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 5, "content_hash": "sha256:fa1081ec0ebc6823ab3de57b181ddd45300652e1e8d20fc911bc051200085943", "created_at": "2026-11-01T19:20:38Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:54:13Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Increased Circulating CD14+ Monocytes in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis Presenting Impaired Apoptosis Activity.", "doi": "10.3390/biomedicines12040775", "pmid": "38672131", "authors": ["Shang-Hung Lin", "Chung-Yuan Hsu", "Sung-Chou Li"], "journal": "Biomedicines", "year": 2024, "abstract": "Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory arthritis primarily affecting peripheral and axial joints. The osteolytic effect in the damaged joint is mediated by osteoclast activation. We aimed to investigate differential gene expression in peripheral CD14+ monocytes between patients with psoriatic arthritis (n = 15) and healthy controls (HCs; n = 15). Circulating CD14+ monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells using CD14+ magnetic beads. Cell apoptosis was measured via Annexin V using flow cytometry. The gene expression profiling was analyzed via microarray (available in the NCBI GEO database; accession number GSE261765), and the candidate genes were validated using PCR. The results showed a higher number of peripheral CD14+ monocytes in patients with PsA than in the HCs. By analyzing the microarray data, identifying the differentially expressed genes, and conducting pathway enrichment analysis, we found that the apoptosis signaling pathway in CD14+ cells was significantly impaired in patients with PsA compared to the HCs. Among the candidate genes in the apoptotic signaling pathway, the relative expression level of cathepsin L was confirmed to be significantly lower in the PsAs than in the HCs. We concluded that the numbers of peripheral CD14+ monocytes increased, and their apoptosis activity was impaired in patients with PsA, which could lead to enhanced macrophage maturation and osteoclast activation. The resistance of apoptotic death in peripheral CD14+ monocytes may contribute to active joint inflammation in PsA.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "The generated raw CEL files were analyzed using Transcription Analysis Console 4.0 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA) to conduct ANOVA, identify the differentially expressed genes, and generate the volcano plot. 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Cell apoptosis was measured via Annexin V using flow cytome", "thway enrichment analysis, we found that the apoptosis signaling pathway in CD14+ cells was signifi", "ipheral CD14+ monocytes increased, and their apoptosis activity was impaired in patients with PsA,"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:50", "id": "assay:1"}, {"role": "data_generation", "definition_id": "flow_cytometry", "definition_version": "99e1195c7d6f", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "partial", "source_hashes": {"assay_lexicon": "99e1195c7d6f"}, "confidence": 0.93, "evidence": ["l apoptosis was measured via Annexin V using flow cytometry. The gene expression profiling was analyzed"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:590", "id": "assay:2"}, {"role": "data_generation", "definition_id": "microarray", "definition_version": "99e1195c7d6f", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "partial", "source_hashes": {"assay_lexicon": "99e1195c7d6f"}, "confidence": 0.99, "evidence": ["e gene expression profiling was analyzed via microarray (available in the NCBI GEO database; accessi", "s with PsA than in the HCs. By analyzing the microarray data, identifying the differentially express", "er of monocytes than the HCs, we conducted a microarray assay (Clariom D Human) on the monocyte samp", "gene expression profiles were examined using microarray and qPCR assays. (A) We used a volcano plot"], "order_basis": "paper_text_order:653", "id": "assay:3"}, {"role": "data_generation", "definition_id": "qpcr", "definition_version": "99e1195c7d6f", "definition_digest": null, "required_operations": [], "support_state": "partial", "source_hashes": {"assay_lexicon": "99e1195c7d6f"}, "confidence": 0.99, "evidence": ["apoptosis-related genes, CTSL and IKBKB, for qPCR validation since they had the largest expres", ") and HCs (n = 15). As shown in Figure 3B,C, qPCR validation confirmed that CTSL was downregul", "profiles were examined using microarray and qPCR assays. (A) We used a volcano plot (generate", "y (p value < 0.05 based on ANOVA). 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