Diagnostic role of SPP1 and collagen IV in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus with MASLD.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:38886539", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 4, "content_hash": "sha256:1a2beaad8d9eff2bf0e9820ba491269613176f556ecd4ff899eeb7089ce041ea", "created_at": "2026-11-01T20:28:57Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:54:30Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Diagnostic role of SPP1 and collagen IV in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus with MASLD.", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-024-64857-0", "pmid": "38886539", "authors": ["Shan Xiao", "Xiao Bei Wang", "Ye Yang", "Qin Wang"], "journal": "Scientific reports", "year": 2024, "abstract": "Type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) leads to an increasing incidence of liver injury year by year, and patients are at a significantly higher risk of developing cirrhosis or even liver failure. No drugs have emerged to specifically treat this disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanisms and causative hub genes of type 2 diabetes combined with MASLD. The data were obtained through the GEO platform for bioinformatics analysis and validated by in vitro experiments to find the causative targets of type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with MASLD, which will provide some theoretical basis for the development of future therapeutic drugs. GSE23343 and GSE49541 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with MASLD for functional enrichment analysis. And STRING database and Cytoscape software were used to construct Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) and hub gene networks. And GO (gene ontology, GO) analysis and KEGG (Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes, KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed on target genes. A total of 185 co-expressed DEGs were obtained by differential analysis, and 20 key genes involved in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes were finally screened. These 20 key genes were involved in 529 GO enrichment results and 20 KEGG enrichment results, and were mainly associated with ECM-receptor interaction, Focal adhesion, Human papillomavirus infection, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. A total of two target genes (SPP1, collagen IV) were found to be highly correlated with type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with MASLD. Real time PCR results showed that there was a significant difference in SPP1 and collagen IV mRNA expression among the three groups (P < 0.05). SPP1 and Collagen IV may be candidate biomarkers for type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with MASLD, as verified by bioinformatics screening and in vitro experiments. Our findings provide new targets for the treatment of type 2 diabetes combined with MASLD.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "The samples in GSE23343 and GSE49541 were extracted, and the samples in them were analysed for differences using limma [3.52.2]8 respectively, to obtain the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the livers of the diabetic patients and the livers of the subjects with normal glucose tolerance, and the results were de-emphasised. The FDR was used to correct the q-value for multiple hypothesis testing. log2FC| > 0.263, P < 0.05 was statistically significant.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:38886539", "locator": "sections[4] \"Identification of DEGs associated with type 2 diabetes combined with MASLD\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The samples in GSE23343 and GSE49541 were extracted, and the samples in them were analysed for differences using limma [3.52.2]8 respectively, to obtain the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the livers of the diabetic patients and the livers of the subjects with normal glucose tolerance, and the results were de-emphasised. The FDR was used to correct the q-value for multiple hypothesis testing. log2FC| > 0.263, P < 0.05 was statistically significant."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The sequencing data used to support the findings of this study have been deposited in the GEO repository (GSE23343 and GSE49541). The datasets generated and/or analysed during the current study are available in the NCBI repository, and the datasets are available in the GEO repository (GSE23343 and GSE49541). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE49541. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE23343.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:38886539", "locator": "sections[23] \"Data availability\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The sequencing data used to support the findings of this study have been deposited in the GEO repository (GSE23343 and GSE49541). The datasets generated and/or analysed during the current study are available in the NCBI repository, and the datasets are available in the GEO repository (GSE23343 and GSE49541). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE49541. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE23343."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "A total of two target genes (SPP1, collagen IV) were found to be highly correlated with type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with MASLD.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:38886539", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 1", "quote": "A total of two target genes (SPP1, collagen IV) were found to be highly correlated with type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with MASLD."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "A total of two target genes (SPP1, collagen IV) were found to be highly correlated with type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with MASLD.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:38886539"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. 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