Coronavirus disease 2019-related myocarditis genes contribute to ECMO prognosis.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:39026189", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 4, "content_hash": "sha256:760b7db99fff9bbf5377b501f15fb6ff7cad3b3606fee46c8169f643a6c7449e", "created_at": "2026-11-01T20:29:06Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:54:43Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Coronavirus disease 2019-related myocarditis genes contribute to ECMO prognosis.", "doi": "10.1186/s12872-024-04032-5", "pmid": "39026189", "authors": ["An Yan", "Ruiying Zhang", "Chao Feng", "Jinping Feng"], "journal": "BMC cardiovascular disorders", "year": 2024, "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Acute myocardial injury, cytokine storms, hypoxemia and pathogen-mediated damage were the major causes responsible for mortality induced by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related myocarditis. These need ECMO treatment. We investigated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in patients with COVID-19-related myocarditis and ECMO prognosis.\nMETHODS: GSE150392 and GSE93101 were analyzed to identify DEGs. A Venn diagram was used to obtain the same transcripts between myocarditis-related and ECMO-related DEGs. Enrichment pathway analysis was performed and hub genes were identified. Pivotal miRNAs, transcription factors, and chemicals with the screened gene interactions were identified. The GSE167028 dataset and single-cell sequencing data were used to validate the screened genes.\nRESULTS: Using a Venn diagram, 229 overlapping DEGs were identified between myocarditis-related and ECMO-related DEGs, which were mainly involved in T cell activation, contractile actin filament bundle, actomyosin, cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. 15 hub genes and 15 neighboring DEGs were screened, which were mainly involved in the positive regulation of T cell activation, integrin complex, integrin binding, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and the TNF signaling pathway. Data in GSE167028 and single-cell sequencing data were used to validate the screened genes, and this demonstrated that the screened genes CCL2, APOE, ITGB8, LAMC2, COL6A3 and TNC were mainly expressed in fibroblast cells; IL6, ITGA1, PTK2, ITGB5, IL15, LAMA4, CAV1, SNCA, BDNF, ACTA2, CD70, MYL9, DPP4, ENO2 and VEGFC were expressed in cardiomyocytes; IL6, PTK2, ITGB5, IL15, APOE, JUN, SNCA, CD83, DPP4 and ENO2 were expressed in macrophages; and IL6, ITGA1, PTK2, ITGB5, IL15, VCAM1, LAMA4, CAV1, ACTA2, MYL9, CD83, DPP4, ENO2, VEGFC and IL32 were expressed in vascular endothelial cells.\nCONCLUSION: The screened hub genes, IL6, ITGA1, PTK2, ITGB3, ITGB5, CCL2, IL15, VCAM1, GZMB, APOE, ITGB8, LAMA4, LAMC2, COL6A3 and TNFRSF9, were validated using GEO dataset and single-cell sequencing data, which may be therapeutic targets patients with myocarditis to prevent MI progression and adverse cardiovascular events.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "The data were analyzed using “DESeq2” (version 1.28.1) package in R.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:39026189", "locator": "sections[3] \"Microarray data and data processing\" paragraph 4", "quote": "The data were analyzed using “DESeq2” (version 1.28.1) package in R."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "Previously reported GEO data were used to support this study and are available at GSE150392, GSE93101 and GSE167028. These datasets are cited at relevant places within the text as references [13, 20, 21].", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:39026189", "locator": "sections[21] \"Data availability\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Previously reported GEO data were used to support this study and are available at GSE150392, GSE93101 and GSE167028. These datasets are cited at relevant places within the text as references [13, 20, 21]."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "The study identified 229 overlapping differentially expressed genes between COVID-19-related myocarditis and ECMO prognosis-related DEGs.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:39026189", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 3", "quote": "Using a Venn diagram, 229 overlapping DEGs were identified between myocarditis-related and ECMO-related DEGs, which were mainly involved in T cell activation, contractile actin filament bundle, actomyosin, cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "The study identified 229 overlapping differentially expressed genes between COVID-19-related myocarditis and ECMO prognosis-related DEGs.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:39026189"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE150392"], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE150392"], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": []}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:39026189", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-024-04032-5", "sha256": "sha256:4bf114146beb52b3c36a2a701a92cca300247ed60e80852d202bd6fcfad270d9", "bytes": 31423, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "10.1186/s12872-024-04032-5", "version": null, "note": "Full article fetched from PMC; the checksum covers the rendered section body, not the original XML bytes.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC11264513", "source": "europe_pmc_fulltext", "coverage": "whole_body", "text_hash_scope": "rendered_section_body"}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE150392", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE150392", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE150392", "version": null, "note": "Previously reported GEO data were used to support this study and are available at GSE150392, GSE93101 and GSE167028. 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