Role of m6A Methylation Regulators in the Diagnosis and Subtype Classification of COPD Based on the GEO Database.

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We sourced expression levels of m6A methylation regulators from the GSE76925 dataset. These regulators' differential expression (DEMs) predicted COPD risk via random forest and support vector machine models. Additionally, a nomogram model using DEMs estimated COPD prevalence. We employed consistent cluster analysis of m6A methylation regulators to categorise COPD samples into distinct subtypes. Analyses of immune cell infiltration in these subtypes and differential gene expression (DEGs) across m6A methylation subtypes were conducted. A cell model validated several m6A regulators and their associated pathways. Fifteen m6A methylation regulators showed differential expression and were used in random forest and support vector machine models. Eleven were selected for a nomogram model, which decision curve analysis suggested could benefit patients. Consensus cluster analysis divided the COPD samples into two subtypes: Cluster A and Cluster B. Cluster B was associated with neutrophil and eosinophil-dominated immunity, while Cluster A was linked with monocyte-dominated immunity. Validation of some research findings was achieved through cell experiments. m6A methylation regulators appear instrumental in diagnosing and classifying subtypes of COPD.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "The ‘GSEABase’ and ‘GSVA’ packages in R were employed for single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) to assess the abundance of immune cells in the m6A methylation subtypes.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:39580709", "locator": "sections[8] \"Evaluation of Immune Cell Infiltration in m6A Methylation Subtypes\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The ‘GSEABase’ and ‘GSVA’ packages in R were employed for single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) to assess the abundance of immune cells in the m6A methylation subtypes."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:39580709", "locator": "sections[43] \"Data Availability Statement\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "COPD patients were classified into Cluster A (59 patients) and Cluster B (52 patients), with Cluster B characterised by eosinophil- and neutrophil-dominated immunity and Cluster A by monocyte- and activated B cell-dominated immunity.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:39580709", "locator": "sections[22] \"m6A Methylation Subtypes\" paragraph 2", "quote": "COPD patients were classified into distinct m6A methylation subtypes based on 15 DEMs, resulting in two main subtypes: Cluster A, consisting of 59 COPD patients, and Cluster B, comprising 52 patients (Figure 5A–D)."}, {"asset": "source:pmid:39580709", "locator": "sections[23] \"Immune Cell Infiltration Results\" paragraph 2", "quote": "Analysis of the two m6A subtypes and the associated box diagrams of immune cell infiltration revealed that eosinophils and neutrophils were highly enriched in Cluster B, whereas monocytes and activated B cells predominated in Cluster A (Figure 6A)."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "COPD patients were classified into Cluster A (59 patients) and Cluster B (52 patients), with Cluster B characterised by eosinophil- and neutrophil-dominated immunity and Cluster A by monocyte- and activated B cell-dominated immunity.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:39580709"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. 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