Sodium Propionate Alleviates Atopic Dermatitis by Inhibiting Ferroptosis via Activation of LTBP2/FABP4 Signaling Pathway.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:39634285", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 4, "content_hash": "sha256:55815b3bfc50fe64bf2adf6092c56cf76ac661152733e8f2bf6ffdbb05fd6b67", "created_at": "2026-11-01T20:29:54Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:55:44Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Sodium Propionate Alleviates Atopic Dermatitis by Inhibiting Ferroptosis via Activation of LTBP2/FABP4 Signaling Pathway.", "doi": "10.2147/JIR.S495271", "pmid": "39634285", "authors": ["Anni Xie", "Weijia Li", "Danni Ye", "Yue Yin", "Ran Wang", "Min Wang", "Renqiang Yu"], "journal": "Journal of inflammation research", "year": 2024, "abstract": "Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common pediatric skin disease, with recent studies suggesting a role for ferroptosis in its pathogenesis. Sodium propionate (SP) has shown therapeutic potential in AD, yet its mechanism, particularly regarding ferroptosis modulation, remains unclear. This study aims to explore whether SP alleviates AD by modulating ferroptosis-related pathways through bioinformatic and in vitro analyses.\nMethods: We analyzed the GEO AD cohort (GSE107361). Ferroptosis-related genes was compiled from the GeneCards Database and SP-associated therapeutic target genes were obtained from Swiss Target Prediction. To explore potential biological mechanisms, we employed Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA), Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and differential expression analysis identified key gene modules. We also established TNF-α/IFN-γ induced AD cell models using HaCat cells and collected cell samples for further experiments.\nResults: The GSVA analysis demonstrated that ferroptosis-related genes could differentiate between healthy children and those with AD. The identified module includes genes with correlated expression patterns specifically linked to AD. Analysis using three algorithms identified potential therapeutic targets of SP. We screened 51 key genes related to AD and ferroptosis, selecting cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) and latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein 2 (LTBP2) as co-expressed genes. Machine learning identified fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) as a significant gene intersection of the 51 key genes. The bioinformatics analysis results were validated through cell experiments, showing that SP treatment increased the expression of the damaged skin genes loricrin (LOR) and filaggrin (FLG).\nConclusion: Our study indicates that SP may alleviate AD symptoms by modulating ferroptosis through the LTBP2/FABP4 pathway.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "The differential expression of mRNA in the dataset GSE107361 was analyzed using the limma package in R software (version 4.2.2).", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:39634285", "locator": "sections[6] \"Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) Analysis\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The differential expression of mRNA in the dataset GSE107361 was analyzed using the limma package in R software (version 4.2.2)."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The datasets utilized in this study were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/),49 specifically dataset GSE107361. It contains gene expression data from the skin tissue samples of both healthy and ill children.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:39634285", "locator": "sections[3] \"Data Download and Preprocessing\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The datasets utilized in this study were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/),49 specifically dataset GSE107361. It contains gene expression data from the skin tissue samples of both healthy and ill children."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "SP may alleviate AD symptoms by modulating ferroptosis through the LTBP2/FABP4 pathway.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:39634285", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 4", "quote": "Our study indicates that SP may alleviate AD symptoms by modulating ferroptosis through the LTBP2/FABP4 pathway."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "SP may alleviate AD symptoms by modulating ferroptosis through the LTBP2/FABP4 pathway.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:39634285"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE107361"], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE107361"], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": []}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:39634285", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S495271", "sha256": "sha256:dfa5cd619a830fd9020ba0bcd44fc4f04df7d2e42d97d910f45a65b62bf4d94d", "bytes": 39370, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "10.2147/JIR.S495271", "version": null, "note": "Full article fetched from PMC; the checksum covers the rendered section body, not the original XML bytes.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC11615016", "source": "europe_pmc_fulltext", "coverage": "whole_body_without_references", "text_hash_scope": "rendered_section_body"}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE107361", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE107361", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE107361", "version": null, "note": "The datasets utilized in this study were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/),49 specifically dataset GSE107361. 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