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pmid:39839508

Development and validation of a biomarker-based prediction model for metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer: Application of machine learning algorithms.

Heliyon · 2025 doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e41443

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Experiment

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Data

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Analysis

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Execution

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Record details sci_version · id · kind · revision · content_hash · schema · created_at · updated_at · generator
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pmid:39839508
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science-record
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sha256:188fa9857b1c91e006cf3033ab9d035d9c25e88a6e52b13f3c8e5c2ab8ae3e83
schema
https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json
created_at
2026-11-01T10:25:49Z
updated_at
2026-11-01T14:01:33Z
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corpus-assay-engine
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sep_to_sci_v1
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paper object · 10 fields
state
partial
title
Development and validation of a biomarker-based prediction model for metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer: Application of machine learning algorithms.
doi
10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e41443
pmid
39839508
authors
null
journal
Heliyon
year
2025
abstract
null
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the headline numerical result the paper states for its main finding
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quantitative
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complete
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null
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chars 1651-1795 of source sha256 ddc20ebfa8efe9bf54f38a60c7ec373a52e5df46db79e7a65d90978dbd9544de
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The RF model exhibited an accuracy of 0.97, a kappa value of 0.92, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99 in the external validation dataset.
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the headline numerical result the paper states for its main finding
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other
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The number a replication must land on, and the sentence it came from.
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the published estimate, its unit and its interval
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the source data with its provenance
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no owned computational capability is bound to this experiment
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Model performance of five ML algorithms in the internal training dataset.
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10
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Development and validation of the model using the internal dataset
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Table 1
caption
Model performance of five ML algorithms in the internal training dataset.
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Accuracy
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Min
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1st Q
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Median
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Mean
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3rd Q
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Max
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glmnet
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0.96 (0.02)
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0.95 (0.01)
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0.98 (0.03)
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0.93 (0.02)
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0.95 (0.01)
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1.00 (0.00)
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0.95 (0.01)
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0.94 (0.01)
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0.98 (0.03)
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0.91 (0.02)
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Characteristics of important genes as well as expression patterns according to metastatic and non-metastatic samples CRC.
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Development and validation of the model using the internal dataset
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Table 2
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Characteristics of important genes as well as expression patterns according to metastatic and non-metastatic samples CRC.
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Model performance of five machine learning algorithms in the internal validation dataset.
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Development and validation of the model using the internal dataset
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Table 3
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Model performance of five machine learning algorithms in the internal validation dataset.
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{"parent_value":0.99,"unit":"AUC","evidence":"The RF model exhibited an accuracy of 0.97, a kappa value of 0.92, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99 in the external validation dataset.","target_result":"The random forest model's external-validation area under the curve was 0.99.","number_stated":true}
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The RF model exhibited an accuracy of 0.97, a kappa value of 0.92, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99 in the external validation dataset.
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The random forest model's external-validation area under the curve was 0.99.
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chars 1651-1795 of source sha256 ddc20ebfa8efe9bf54f38a60c7ec373a52e5df46db79e7a65d90978dbd9544de
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raw_response
<think>We need answer JSON object only. Need identify single numerical result replication registered target main finding headline number paper states. Need likely AUC 0.99, perhaps headline numerical result? Need parse instruction carefully: REGISTERED TARGET: "the headline numerical result the paper states for its main finding". Need report headline number only, value paper itself states, unit as printed. Evidence exact contiguous quote containing number. Could be RF model external validation with accuracy .97 kappa .92 AUC .99. Which single is headline? Main finding likely AUC 0.99? Need infer benchmark extraction expectation. They ask parent_value perhaps headline numerical result. We need choose likely 0.99, unit maybe "AUC" (printed as area under curve (AUC) of 0.99). Evidence full clause: "The RF model exhibited an accuracy of 0.97, a kappa value of 0.92, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99 in the external validation dataset." But report headline number only means parent_value 0.99. Unit string "AUC" perhaps. target_result concise says external validation AUC of 0.99. Evidence exact contiguous quote. Could they consider main result as accuracy 0.97? Let's deeply inspect wording. Question generated perhaps designed to extract target numerical value from abstract. Registered target generic. "single numerical result that a replication of the registered target has to reproduce. Report the headline number only: the value the paper itself states for the registered target, not a value you calculated, converted, averaged or reconstructed. The unit must be the unit the paper prints." Registered target: "the headline numerical result the paper states for its main finding". In study abstract, final result sentence lists three performance measures. Headline likely AUC of 0.99. Could be accuracy because main model highest accuracy, but headline result often external validation metrics and AUC strongest. Need perhaps target result expected 0.97? Let's understand source likely paper and maybe title/abstract. The "headline numerical result" could be 0.99 as AUC. We need ensure unit exactly paper prints. "area under the curve (AUC)" perhaps unit is "AUC" not unit technically dimensionless. They require unit as paper prints. Could set unit "AUC". Evidence exact quote sentence. target_result perhaps "External-validation AUC of 0.99 for the RF model." number_stated true. Could number be 16 key genes? Main finding is identified 16 key genes. Replication target might reproduce 16 biomarkers rather than performance. Yet "headline numerical result the paper states for its main finding" likely intended to select result metric. Let's inspect prompt wording perhaps from a benchmark where target entity is registered by question, and source gives multiple numbers. They want "single numerical result that a replication ... has to reproduce." The registered target is defined abstractly here. Maybe headline number in paper's result is expected based on abstract: "The RF model exhibited an accuracy of 0.97, a kappa value of 0.92, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99 in external validation dataset." They ask single headline numerical result; likely AUC 0.99 because often headline performance metric. They emphasize attribution may be via list / respectively. Perhaps target could have been something like "the headline numerical result ...". Need choose. "Report the headline number only: the value the paper itself states for the registered target" Means answer fields parent_value etc. Parent_value likely numeric target value. Unit perhaps "%" if accuracy. Source prints accuracy = 0.97 not percent. AUC 0.99 no unit. Their schema requires string unit, could be empty? But if number stated, probably unit "AUC". Prompt: "The unit must be the unit the paper prints." Here no physical unit. We can use "AUC" as metric label. Evidence whole clause if linked via words naming target. Exact quote can be sentence. Could target_result state "The RF model's external-validation area under the curve (AUC) was 0.99." That's paraphrase but target_result not evidence. Fine. Need JSON valid, no markdown. Ensure evidence exact contiguous. Parent value numeric 0.99. Let's not rush—could "headline number" be "16 key genes". Let's inspect abstract flow: Purpose. Methods. Results: Among 22,283 registered genes ... identified 16 key genes ... On internal validation ... metrics. Top five biomarkers ... RF model external validation accuracy .97, kappa .92, AUC .99. Conclusion. Main finding is biomarker-based prediction model; headline numerical result perhaps model AUC. Usually when reporting classification model, headline result = AUC 0.99. The prompt singular suggests select one likely final/most salient metric. We need perhaps use exact full clause. We'll answer. Need decide unit. "area under the curve (AUC)" perhaps unit string could be "AUC". The paper prints "an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99", no unit. If unit must be unit paper prints, metric label qualifies. Could put "AUC" rather than "area under the curve (AUC)". Which exact printed term? "area under the curve (AUC)" is printed, but unit should likely "AUC". Better unit "AUC" because recognized metric. Yet perhaps schema expects empty if dimensionless? Prompt says leave unit empty only if no number. They likely expect "AUC" or "%". We can state "AUC". Evidence sentence exact. "target_result": should perhaps be "The RF model achieved an AUC of 0.99 in the external validation dataset." This is clear. "headline number only" means only one number in target_result, but evidence necessarily contains all three numbers due full sentence. Does that violate headline number only? They explicitly ask quote whole clause for attribution; evidence may include multiple numbers. Fine. Could quote narrower exact contiguous fragment: "an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99 in the external validation dataset." Does that contain target attribution? It doesn't identify RF model, but metric and external validation. To let reader check attribution, whole sentence better. They say "When that is how the text links them, quote the whole clause so a reader can check the attribution for themselves." So full sentence. Could quote "The RF model exhibited an accuracy of 0.97, a kappa value of 0.92, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99 in the external validation dataset." Exact. Great. Let's answer JSON only.</think> {"parent_value":0.99,"unit":"AUC","evidence":"The RF model exhibited an accuracy of 0.97, a kappa value of 0.92, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99 in the external validation dataset.","target_result":"The RF model achieved an AUC of 0.99 in the external validation dataset.","number_stated":true}
reading object · 6 fields
parent_value
0.99
unit
AUC
evidence
The RF model exhibited an accuracy of 0.97, a kappa value of 0.92, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99 in the external validation dataset.
target_result
The RF model achieved an AUC of 0.99 in the external validation dataset.
number_stated
true
source_locator
chars 1651-1795 of source sha256 ddc20ebfa8efe9bf54f38a60c7ec373a52e5df46db79e7a65d90978dbd9544de
recorded_at
2026-10-31T15:21:46.855095+00:00
agreement
false
disagreements object · 2 fields
analysis_methods object · 3 fields
minimax array · 9 items
[0]
differential expression analysis
[1]
redundancy analysis
[2]
recursive feature elimination
[3]
lasso and elastic-net regularized generalized linear model (glmnet)
[4]
k-nearest neighbors (kNN)
[5]
support vector machine (SVM) with Radial Basis Function Kernel
[6]
random forest (RF)
[7]
eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost)
[8]
10-fold cross-validation with 3 repeats
minimax_alt array · 11 items
[0]
Differential expression analysis using GEO2R
[1]
Benjamini-Hochberg adjustment with a Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted P-value threshold of less than 0.05
[2]
Correlation-based redundancy analysis using the caret findCorrelation function
[3]
Recursive feature elimination using the caret rfFuncs implementation
[4]
10-fold cross-validation with 3 repeats and 10 repetitions of RFE
[5]
Lasso and elastic-net regularized generalized linear model (glmnet)
[6]
K-nearest neighbors (kNN)
[7]
Support vector machine (SVM) with Radial Basis Function Kernel
[8]
Random forest (RF)
[9]
eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost)
[10]
External validation on GSE41568
decisive
false
statistical_method object · 3 fields
minimax
random forest (RF)
minimax_alt
Random forest (RF) machine-learning model
decisive
true
agreement_basis object · 2 fields
policy
decisive_fields
decisive_fields array · 4 items
[0]
work_type
[1]
number_stated
[2]
parent_value
[3]
unit
blinded
true
human_critique object · 5 fields
status
not_run
reviewer
null
signed_at
null
conflict_checked
false
commentary
null
stages array · 7 items
[0] object · 4 fields
key
target_materials
status
pending
reason
null
evidence
null
[1] object · 4 fields
key
independent_readings
status
blocked
reason
The independent readings are incomplete or disagree; the source evidence must resolve the difference.
evidence object · 1 field
provider_errors array · 0 items
[2] object · 4 fields
key
source_resolution
status
pending
reason
null
evidence
null
[3] object · 4 fields
key
protocol_reconstruction
status
pending
reason
null
evidence
null
[4] object · 4 fields
key
control_execution
status
pending
reason
null
evidence
null
[5] object · 4 fields
key
control_comparison
status
pending
reason
null
evidence
null
[6] object · 4 fields
key
publication
status
pending
reason
null
evidence
null
gaps array · 2 items
[0]
review.human_critique
[1]
review.machine_critique.blocked
execution object · 5 fields
state
absent
status
not_run
mode
null
runs array · 0 items
gaps array · 1 item
[0]
execution.not_run
provenance object · 7 fields
entities array · 1 item
[0] object · 3 fields
id
package:814948aed846d0c278c3b4726459bf778ebebe001e91e657adf8705492c4a084
type
sep_package
label
SEP v1 package for pmid:39839508
activities array · 1 item
[0] object · 4 fields
id
activity:conversion:pmid:39839508
type
conversion
used array · 1 item
[0]
package:814948aed846d0c278c3b4726459bf778ebebe001e91e657adf8705492c4a084
agent
agent:corpus-assay-engine
agents array · 3 items
[0] object · 3 fields
id
agent:minimax
type
model
label
minimax
[1] object · 3 fields
id
agent:minimax_alt
type
model
label
minimax_alt
[2] object · 3 fields
id
agent:corpus-assay-engine
type
software
label
Corpus assay engine
source_run_id
run-20261023T122449232913
dsl_catalogue_fingerprint
343fb30756ba6ec3
capability_table_fingerprint
2cb3e42f047d2ecf
snapshot_id
ba34b49490d9bfaf
lineage object · 4 fields
parent_id
pmid:39839508
parent_hash
sha256:39dbd4bba97fef67d3caad48123565d6bc151027eb84530785056db2b3111456
fork_of
null
gaps array · 13 items
[0]
abstract
[1]
asset:source:pmid:39839508 not verified
[2]
authors
[3]
capability
[4]
corpus_record_absent
[5]
execution.not_run
[6]
method
[7]
review.human_critique
[8]
review.machine_critique.blocked
[9]
step:obtain_source_data blocked on data:not_downloaded
[10]
step:run_analysis blocked on no owned computational capability is bound to this experiment
[11]
step:run_analysis input 'materials:the source data behind the published result in pmid:39839508' does not resolve to a declared asset
[12]
targets
Complete file
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"source": "chars 1651-1795 of source sha256 ddc20ebfa8efe9bf54f38a60c7ec373a52e5df46db79e7a65d90978dbd9544de"}, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:39839508", "locator": "chars 1651-1795 of source sha256 ddc20ebfa8efe9bf54f38a60c7ec373a52e5df46db79e7a65d90978dbd9544de", "quote": "The RF model exhibited an accuracy of 0.97, a kappa value of 0.92, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99 in the external validation dataset."}]}], "gaps": ["abstract", "authors"]}, "experiment": {"state": "partial", "objective": "the headline numerical result the paper states for its main finding", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate and its interval from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The number a replication must land on, and the sentence it came from.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:39839508"], "outputs": ["the published estimate, its unit and its interval"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data behind the published result", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "blocked", "blocked_on": "data:not_downloaded", "description": "The published result cannot be recomputed without the data the paper analysed.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": [], "outputs": ["the source data with its provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the analysis programme", "kind": "analysis", "state": "blocked", "blocked_on": "no owned computational capability is bound to this experiment", "description": "Re-run the paper's analysis on the source data and produce the registered result. | SEP input not carried into the asset list: materials:the source data behind the published result in pmid:39839508", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": [], "outputs": ["the registered result"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": ["step:obtain_source_data blocked on data:not_downloaded", "step:run_analysis blocked on no owned computational capability is bound to this experiment", "step:run_analysis input 'materials:the source data behind the published result in pmid:39839508' does not resolve to a declared asset"]}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:39839508", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e41443", "sha256": "sha256:ddc20ebfa8efe9bf54f38a60c7ec373a52e5df46db79e7a65d90978dbd9544de", "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e41443", "version": null, "note": "Source read by the package builder: full_text.", "structure": {"access_state": "full_text"}}, {"id": "asset:table:pmid:39839508:1", "role": "table", "format": "jats-table", "media_type": "application/vnd.jats.table+json", "uri": null, "sha256": "sha256:eeefb34a6ff75fc671c27272d1ff5328ad4fbcc6a3c510bcc7a0d39942968fa9", "bytes": 1613, "access": "open", "state": "verified", "reader": "read_table", "reader_status": "available", "identifier": "section[10]/table-wrap[1]#tbl1", "version": null, "note": "Model performance of five ML algorithms in the internal training dataset.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC11748706", "section_index": 10, "section_title": "Development and validation of the model using the internal dataset", "row_count": 18, "column_count": 7}, "table": {"label": "Table 1", "caption": "Model performance of five ML algorithms in the internal training dataset.", "rows": [["Accuracy", "Min", "1st Q", "Median", "Mean", "3rd Q", "Max"], ["glmnet", "0.81 (0.05)", "0.93 (0.02)", "0.96 (0.02)", "0.95 (0.01)", "0.98 (0.03)", "1.00 (0.00)"], ["kNN", "0.85 (0.05)", "0.93 (0.02)", "0.95 (0.00)", "0.95 (0.01)", "1.00 (0.00)", "1.00 (0.00)"], ["RF", "0.88 (0.04)", "0.95 (0.00)", "0.97 (0.03)", "0.97 (0.01)", "1.00 (0.00)", "1.00 (0.00)"], ["SVM", "0.84 (0.04)", "0.94 (0.02)", "0.95 (0.01)", "0.95 (0.01)", "1.00 (0.00)", "1.00 (0.00)"], ["XGBoost", "0.81 (0.04)", "0.91 (0.02)", "0.95 (0.01)", "0.94 (0.01)", "0.98 (0.03)", "1.00 (0.00)"], ["Kappa"], ["glmnet", "0.48 (0.14)", "0.81 (0.05)", "0.88 (0.06)", "0.86 (0.03)", "0.96 (0.06)", "1.00 (0.00)"], ["kNN", "0.54 (0.11)", "0.81 (0.06)", "0.86 (0.00)", "0.87 (0.02)", "1.00 (0.01)", "1.00 (0.00)"], ["RF", "0.65 (0.13)", "0.85 (0.00)", "0.93 (0.07)", "0.91 (0.02)", "1.00 (0.00)", "1.00 (0.00)"], ["SVM", "0.55 (0.09)", "0.82 (0.04)", "0.87 (0.02)", "0.87 (0.03)", "1.00 (0.01)", "1.00 (0.00)"], ["XGBoost", "0.42 (0.11)", "0.74 (0.05)", "0.86 (0.03)", "0.83 (0.02)", "0.95 (0.07)", "1.00 (0.00)"], ["AUC"], ["glmnet"], ["kNN", "0.86 (0.03)", "0.98 (0.01)", "1.00 (0.00)", "0.98 (0.01)", "1.00 (0.00)", "1.00 (0.00)"], ["RF", "0.95 (0.02)", "1.00 (0.01)", "1.00 (0.00)", "0.99 (0.00)", "1.00 (0.00)", "1.00 (0.00)"], ["SVM", "0.92 (0.03)", "0.98 (0.01)", "1.00 (0.00)", "0.99 (0.00)", "1.00 (0.00)", "1.00 (0.00)"], ["XGBoost", "0.94 (0.03)", "1.00 (0.01)", "1.00 (0.00)", "0.99 (0.00)", "1.00 (0.00)", "1.00 (0.00)"]], "row_count": 18, "column_count": 7, "numeric_cells": 86, "header_rows": 1, "locator": "section[10]/table-wrap[1]#tbl1"}}, {"id": "asset:table:pmid:39839508:2", "role": "table", "format": "jats-table", "media_type": "application/vnd.jats.table+json", "uri": null, "sha256": "sha256:07bdeb3eb9c47e8f6bbadaacf1552907f70c40261c4dd6cb64bea86534922432", "bytes": 1622, "access": "open", "state": "verified", "reader": "read_table", "reader_status": "available", "identifier": "section[10]/table-wrap[2]#tbl2", "version": null, "note": "Characteristics of important genes as well as expression patterns according to metastatic and non-metastatic samples CRC.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC11748706", "section_index": 10, "section_title": "Development and validation of the model using the internal dataset", "row_count": 17, "column_count": 6}, "table": {"label": "Table 2", "caption": "Characteristics of important genes as well as expression patterns according to metastatic and non-metastatic samples CRC.", "rows": [["Biomarker", "Log FC", "adj.P-value", "Importance score (scaled score)a", "Non-metastatic CRCb (N = 195)", "Metastatic CRCb (N = 67)"], ["MMP3", "−2.67", "3.15E-26", "7.39 (1.00)", "248.31 (274.52)", "31.48 (24.91)"], ["CCDC102B", "1.91", "4.98E-13", "6.56 (0.80)", "9.61 (12.74)", "30.13 (22.60)"], ["CDH2", "1.65", "1.29E-12", "5.21 (0.49)", "17.36 (21.45)", "55.42 (61.83)"], ["VWF", "−1.45", "2.82E-10", "4.48 (0.31)", "236.03 (156.13)", "79.52 (222.18)"], ["MMP1", "−2.79", "6.15E-12", "4.28 (0.27)", "291.50 (557.26)", "20.10 (97.76)"], ["CYP1B1", "1.7", "3.25E-11", "4.27 (0.26)", "27.10 (47.13)", "89.30 (112.83)"], ["DIXDC1", "−1.34", "7.62E-16", "4.25 (0.26)", "71.21 (45.37)", "32.93 (44.20)"], ["LAMC3", "1.15", "5.64E-09", "4.09 (0.22)", "19.45 (26.04)", "45.54 (44.68)"], ["SERPINA1", "1.69", "1.14E-11", "3.99 (0.20)", "581.12 (990.25)", "1626.12 (3186.58)"], ["NKX3-2", "−1.33", "6.63E-12", "3.89 (0.17)", "15.45 (25.86)", "7.45 (4.01)"], ["ALB", "1.61", "3.48E-11", "3.76 (0.14)", "9.16 (16.04)", "27.84 (68.38)"], ["KRT7", "1.13", "3.99E-07", "3.65 (0.12)", "22.77 (19.85)", "42.57 (55.35)"], ["TMEM158", "−1.59", "2.69E-13", "3.61 (0.11)", "183.11 (153.64)", "67.26 (103.20)"], ["GADD45B", "1.04", "6.26E-09", "3.36 (0.05)", "10.14 (14.23)", "25.79 (39.43)"], ["CYP4B1", "1.21", "6.95E-07", "3.33 (0.04)", "3.47 (7.63)", "8.99 (22.39)"], ["SCGB1A1", "1.03", "2.45E-06", "3.15 (0.00)", "23.06 (19.41)", "20.10 (97.76)"]], "row_count": 17, "column_count": 6, "numeric_cells": 86, "header_rows": 1, "locator": "section[10]/table-wrap[2]#tbl2"}}, {"id": "asset:table:pmid:39839508:3", "role": "table", "format": "jats-table", "media_type": "application/vnd.jats.table+json", "uri": null, "sha256": "sha256:de631f3468def940206671ca353fa7080ac3c70b9be0abf2672e9125961dadaf", "bytes": 813, "access": "open", "state": "verified", "reader": "read_table", "reader_status": "available", "identifier": "section[10]/table-wrap[3]#tbl3", "version": null, "note": "Model performance of five machine learning algorithms in the internal validation dataset.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC11748706", "section_index": 10, "section_title": "Development and validation of the model using the internal dataset", "row_count": 8, "column_count": 6}, "table": {"label": "Table 3", "caption": "Model performance of five machine learning algorithms in the internal validation dataset.", "rows": [["Performance measure", "ML algorithm"], ["glmnet", "kNN", "RF", "SVM", "XGBoost"], ["Accuracy", "0.93 (0.03)", "0.93 (0.03)", "0.97 (0.02)", "0.92 (0.02)", "0.93 (0.02)"], ["Kappa", "0.82 (0.10)", "0.81 (0.07)", "0.91 (0.05)", "0.80 (0.06)", "0.81 (0.07)"], ["Specificity", "0.96 (0.03)", "0.96 (0.02)", "0.98 (0.01)", "0.96 (0.03)", "0.97 (0.02)"], ["Precision", "0.88 (0.08)", "0.88 (0.05)", "0.95 (0.03)", "0.89 (0.07)", "0.91 (0.06)"], ["Recall", "0.85 (0.10)", "0.84 (0.08)", "0.92 (0.05)", "0.81 (0.07)", "0.82 (0.09)"], ["F1 score", "0.86 (0.07)", "0.86 (0.05)", "0.93 (0.03)", "0.85 (0.04)", "0.85 (0.05)"]], "row_count": 8, "column_count": 6, "numeric_cells": 30, "header_rows": 2, "locator": "section[10]/table-wrap[3]#tbl3"}}], "gaps": ["asset:source:pmid:39839508 not verified"]}, "analysis": {"state": "absent", "methods": [], "targets": [], "gaps": ["method", "targets"]}, "capability": {"state": "absent", "requirements": [], "gaps": ["capability"]}, "readiness": {"state": "partial", "tier": null, "blocking_axis": null, "blocked_on": null, "axes": {}, "can_run": {"dsl_operations": [], "assets": ["source:pmid:39839508", "asset:table:pmid:39839508:1", "asset:table:pmid:39839508:2", "asset:table:pmid:39839508:3"], "steps": ["read_published_estimate"]}, "must_build": {"dsl_operations": [], "converters": [], "readers": ["xml"], "capabilities": [], "data_gaps": ["source:pmid:39839508"]}, "gaps": ["corpus_record_absent"]}, "review": {"state": "partial", "machine_critique": {"status": "blocked", "providers": [{"provider": "minimax", "model": "MiniMax-M3.1-Flash", "prompt_version": "full-text-reading-v1", "prompt_hash": "18b3142e693698c91e13d0130fae1c40df9be0efe339ab979f2914804462565d", "source_hash": "ddc20ebfa8efe9bf54f38a60c7ec373a52e5df46db79e7a65d90978dbd9544de", "raw_response_sha256": "sha256:4f6c3120775e1bfcb9fbfc5846195dee847ee48045ed6b04ccf3d816749a4bd1", "raw_response_chars": 3388}, {"provider": "minimax_alt", "model": "MiniMax-M3", "prompt_version": "full-text-reading-v1", "prompt_hash": "8776ce498153f7f3811bb98c0d6e5a5ae281d396c2e64d465f375688dda2418b", "source_hash": "ddc20ebfa8efe9bf54f38a60c7ec373a52e5df46db79e7a65d90978dbd9544de", "raw_response_sha256": "sha256:d6c122b511c938ee85aa54ab59113835d6b9b88d3b4d120a52dc309e83bb8827", "raw_response_chars": 62416}], "target_providers": [{"provider": "minimax", "model": "MiniMax-M3.1-Flash", "prompt_version": "replication-target-v2", "prompt_hash": "2fa27f2ada863dcfb283919484eb06f9f597effed0ed296031d9bf0b96789ef8", "source_hash": "ddc20ebfa8efe9bf54f38a60c7ec373a52e5df46db79e7a65d90978dbd9544de", "raw_response": "{\"parent_value\":0.99,\"unit\":\"AUC\",\"evidence\":\"The RF model exhibited an accuracy of 0.97, a kappa value of 0.92, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99 in the external validation dataset.\",\"target_result\":\"The random forest model's external-validation area under the curve was 0.99.\",\"number_stated\":true}", "reading": {"parent_value": 0.99, "unit": "AUC", "evidence": "The RF model exhibited an accuracy of 0.97, a kappa value of 0.92, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99 in the external validation dataset.", "target_result": "The random forest model's external-validation area under the curve was 0.99.", "number_stated": true, "source_locator": "chars 1651-1795 of source sha256 ddc20ebfa8efe9bf54f38a60c7ec373a52e5df46db79e7a65d90978dbd9544de"}, "recorded_at": "2026-10-31T15:21:39.747099+00:00"}, {"provider": "minimax_alt", "model": "MiniMax-M3", "prompt_version": "replication-target-v2", "prompt_hash": "3089b970ced4f88143445b4adb12ea9cf14153a782e5e0391305ef81e90b0720", "source_hash": "ddc20ebfa8efe9bf54f38a60c7ec373a52e5df46db79e7a65d90978dbd9544de", "raw_response": "<think>We need answer JSON object only. Need identify single numerical result replication registered target main finding headline number paper states. Need likely AUC 0.99, perhaps headline numerical result? Need parse instruction carefully: REGISTERED TARGET: \"the headline numerical result the paper states for its main finding\". Need report headline number only, value paper itself states, unit as printed. Evidence exact contiguous quote containing number. Could be RF model external validation with accuracy .97 kappa .92 AUC .99. Which single is headline? Main finding likely AUC 0.99? Need infer benchmark extraction expectation. They ask parent_value perhaps headline numerical result. We need choose likely 0.99, unit maybe \"AUC\" (printed as area under curve (AUC) of 0.99). Evidence full clause: \"The RF model exhibited an accuracy of 0.97, a kappa value of 0.92, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99 in the external validation dataset.\" But report headline number only means parent_value 0.99. Unit string \"AUC\" perhaps. target_result concise says external validation AUC of 0.99. Evidence exact contiguous quote. Could they consider main result as accuracy 0.97? Let's deeply inspect wording.\n\nQuestion generated perhaps designed to extract target numerical value from abstract. Registered target generic. \"single numerical result that a replication of the registered target has to reproduce. Report the headline number only: the value the paper itself states for the registered target, not a value you calculated, converted, averaged or reconstructed. The unit must be the unit the paper prints.\" Registered target: \"the headline numerical result the paper states for its main finding\". In study abstract, final result sentence lists three performance measures. Headline likely AUC of 0.99. Could be accuracy because main model highest accuracy, but headline result often external validation metrics and AUC strongest. Need perhaps target result expected 0.97? Let's understand source likely paper and maybe title/abstract. The \"headline numerical result\" could be 0.99 as AUC. We need ensure unit exactly paper prints. \"area under the curve (AUC)\" perhaps unit is \"AUC\" not unit technically dimensionless. They require unit as paper prints. Could set unit \"AUC\". Evidence exact quote sentence. target_result perhaps \"External-validation AUC of 0.99 for the RF model.\" number_stated true.\n\nCould number be 16 key genes? Main finding is identified 16 key genes. Replication target might reproduce 16 biomarkers rather than performance. Yet \"headline numerical result the paper states for its main finding\" likely intended to select result metric. Let's inspect prompt wording perhaps from a benchmark where target entity is registered by question, and source gives multiple numbers. They want \"single numerical result that a replication ... has to reproduce.\" The registered target is defined abstractly here. Maybe headline number in paper's result is expected based on abstract: \"The RF model exhibited an accuracy of 0.97, a kappa value of 0.92, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99 in external validation dataset.\" They ask single headline numerical result; likely AUC 0.99 because often headline performance metric. They emphasize attribution may be via list / respectively. Perhaps target could have been something like \"the headline numerical result ...\". Need choose.\n\n\"Report the headline number only: the value the paper itself states for the registered target\" Means answer fields parent_value etc. Parent_value likely numeric target value. Unit perhaps \"%\" if accuracy. Source prints accuracy = 0.97 not percent. AUC 0.99 no unit. Their schema requires string unit, could be empty? But if number stated, probably unit \"AUC\". Prompt: \"The unit must be the unit the paper prints.\" Here no physical unit. We can use \"AUC\" as metric label. Evidence whole clause if linked via words naming target. Exact quote can be sentence.\n\nCould target_result state \"The RF model's external-validation area under the curve (AUC) was 0.99.\" That's paraphrase but target_result not evidence. Fine.\n\nNeed JSON valid, no markdown. Ensure evidence exact contiguous. Parent value numeric 0.99.\n\nLet's not rush—could \"headline number\" be \"16 key genes\". Let's inspect abstract flow:\nPurpose.\nMethods.\nResults: Among 22,283 registered genes ... identified 16 key genes ... On internal validation ... metrics. Top five biomarkers ... RF model external validation accuracy .97, kappa .92, AUC .99.\nConclusion.\n\nMain finding is biomarker-based prediction model; headline numerical result perhaps model AUC. Usually when reporting classification model, headline result = AUC 0.99. The prompt singular suggests select one likely final/most salient metric. We need perhaps use exact full clause. We'll answer.\n\nNeed decide unit. \"area under the curve (AUC)\" perhaps unit string could be \"AUC\". The paper prints \"an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99\", no unit. If unit must be unit paper prints, metric label qualifies. Could put \"AUC\" rather than \"area under the curve (AUC)\". Which exact printed term? \"area under the curve (AUC)\" is printed, but unit should likely \"AUC\". Better unit \"AUC\" because recognized metric. Yet perhaps schema expects empty if dimensionless? Prompt says leave unit empty only if no number. They likely expect \"AUC\" or \"%\". We can state \"AUC\". Evidence sentence exact.\n\n\"target_result\": should perhaps be \"The RF model achieved an AUC of 0.99 in the external validation dataset.\" This is clear. \"headline number only\" means only one number in target_result, but evidence necessarily contains all three numbers due full sentence. Does that violate headline number only? They explicitly ask quote whole clause for attribution; evidence may include multiple numbers. Fine. Could quote narrower exact contiguous fragment: \"an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99 in the external validation dataset.\" Does that contain target attribution? It doesn't identify RF model, but metric and external validation. To let reader check attribution, whole sentence better. They say \"When that is how the text links them, quote the whole clause so a reader can check the attribution for themselves.\" So full sentence.\n\nCould quote \"The RF model exhibited an accuracy of 0.97, a kappa value of 0.92, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99 in the external validation dataset.\" Exact. Great.\n\nLet's answer JSON only.</think>\n\n{\"parent_value\":0.99,\"unit\":\"AUC\",\"evidence\":\"The RF model exhibited an accuracy of 0.97, a kappa value of 0.92, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99 in the external validation dataset.\",\"target_result\":\"The RF model achieved an AUC of 0.99 in the external validation dataset.\",\"number_stated\":true}", "reading": {"parent_value": 0.99, "unit": "AUC", "evidence": "The RF model exhibited an accuracy of 0.97, a kappa value of 0.92, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99 in the external validation dataset.", "target_result": "The RF model achieved an AUC of 0.99 in the external validation dataset.", "number_stated": true, "source_locator": "chars 1651-1795 of source sha256 ddc20ebfa8efe9bf54f38a60c7ec373a52e5df46db79e7a65d90978dbd9544de"}, "recorded_at": "2026-10-31T15:21:46.855095+00:00"}], "agreement": false, "disagreements": {"analysis_methods": {"minimax": ["differential expression analysis", "redundancy analysis", "recursive feature elimination", "lasso and elastic-net regularized generalized linear model (glmnet)", "k-nearest neighbors (kNN)", "support vector machine (SVM) with Radial Basis Function Kernel", "random forest (RF)", "eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost)", "10-fold cross-validation with 3 repeats"], "minimax_alt": ["Differential expression analysis using GEO2R", "Benjamini-Hochberg adjustment with a Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted P-value threshold of less than 0.05", "Correlation-based redundancy analysis using the caret findCorrelation function", "Recursive feature elimination using the caret rfFuncs implementation", "10-fold cross-validation with 3 repeats and 10 repetitions of RFE", "Lasso and elastic-net regularized generalized linear model (glmnet)", "K-nearest neighbors (kNN)", "Support vector machine (SVM) with Radial Basis Function Kernel", "Random forest (RF)", "eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost)", "External validation on GSE41568"], "decisive": false}, "statistical_method": {"minimax": "random forest (RF)", "minimax_alt": "Random forest (RF) machine-learning model", "decisive": true}}, "agreement_basis": {"policy": "decisive_fields", "decisive_fields": ["work_type", "number_stated", "parent_value", "unit"]}, "blinded": true}, "human_critique": {"status": "not_run", "reviewer": null, "signed_at": null, "conflict_checked": false, "commentary": null}, "stages": [{"key": "target_materials", "status": "pending", "reason": null, "evidence": null}, {"key": "independent_readings", "status": "blocked", "reason": "The independent readings are incomplete or disagree; the source evidence must resolve the difference.", "evidence": {"provider_errors": []}}, {"key": "source_resolution", "status": "pending", "reason": null, "evidence": null}, {"key": "protocol_reconstruction", "status": "pending", "reason": null, "evidence": null}, {"key": "control_execution", "status": "pending", "reason": null, "evidence": null}, {"key": "control_comparison", "status": "pending", "reason": null, "evidence": null}, {"key": "publication", "status": "pending", "reason": null, "evidence": null}], "gaps": ["review.human_critique", "review.machine_critique.blocked"]}, "execution": {"state": "absent", "status": "not_run", "mode": null, "runs": [], "gaps": ["execution.not_run"]}, "provenance": {"entities": [{"id": "package:814948aed846d0c278c3b4726459bf778ebebe001e91e657adf8705492c4a084", "type": "sep_package", "label": "SEP v1 package for pmid:39839508"}], "activities": [{"id": "activity:conversion:pmid:39839508", "type": "conversion", "used": ["package:814948aed846d0c278c3b4726459bf778ebebe001e91e657adf8705492c4a084"], "agent": "agent:corpus-assay-engine"}], "agents": [{"id": "agent:minimax", "type": "model", "label": "minimax"}, {"id": "agent:minimax_alt", "type": "model", "label": "minimax_alt"}, {"id": "agent:corpus-assay-engine", "type": "software", "label": "Corpus assay engine"}], "source_run_id": "run-20261023T122449232913", "dsl_catalogue_fingerprint": "343fb30756ba6ec3", "capability_table_fingerprint": "2cb3e42f047d2ecf", "snapshot_id": "ba34b49490d9bfaf"}, "lineage": {"parent_id": "pmid:39839508", "parent_hash": "sha256:39dbd4bba97fef67d3caad48123565d6bc151027eb84530785056db2b3111456", "fork_of": null, "generation": 2}, "gaps": ["abstract", "asset:source:pmid:39839508 not verified", "authors", "capability", "corpus_record_absent", "execution.not_run", "method", "review.human_critique", "review.machine_critique.blocked", "step:obtain_source_data blocked on data:not_downloaded", "step:run_analysis blocked on no owned computational capability is bound to this experiment", "step:run_analysis input 'materials:the source data behind the published result in pmid:39839508' does not resolve to a declared asset", "targets"]}